Objective To observe the effects of electroacupuncture at"Neiguan"and"Gongsun"on autophagy and apoptosis related indexes of interstitial cells of Cajal(ICC)in rats with functional dyspepsia(FD);To explore its possible mechanism on improving gastrointestinal motility of FD.Methods Totally 32 SPF grade SD rats were randomly divided into blank group,model group,electroacupuncture group and Western medicine group,with 8 rats in each group.An FD model was constructed using a composite etiology modeling method.The electroacupuncture group received electroacupuncture at"Neiguan"and"Gongsun",while the Western medicine group received oral administration of mosapride once a day for 7 consecutive days.The general condition,body mass and average daily intake of rats were observed every week,and gastric emptying rate and small intestine propulsion rate were detected,transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the structure of gastric antrum ICC,Western blot was used to observe the expressions of c-kit,Beclin1,LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ,p62,Caspase-3 protein in gastric antrum tissue,qPCR was used to observe the mRNA expressions of Beclin1,LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ,p62 and c-kit in gastric antrum tissue,TUNEL staining was used to detect the apoptosis rate of cells in gastric antrum tissue.Results Compared with the blank group,the model group rats were mentally lethargic,clustered and curled up,with reduced activity,rough and dull hair,loose and unformed feces,reduced body mass and daily food intake(P<0.05),and gastric emptying rate and small intestine propulsion rate decreased(P<0.01),ICC mitochondria swelled and dissolved,with varying degrees of vacuolar formation,rough endoplasmic reticulum dilation and destruction,and a large number of autophagosomes,the expressions of Beclin1 and LC3 Ⅱ/Ⅰ protein and mRNA in gastric antrum tissue increased(P<0.01),the expressions of p62,c-kit protein and mRNA decreased(P<0.01),while Caspase-3 protein expression increased(P<0.01),and the apoptosis rate of gastric antral tissue cells increased(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the condition of rats in electroacupuncture group and the Western medicine group were improved,with increased responsiveness,increased mobility,neat hair,formed feces,increased body mass and daily food intake(P<0.01),and gastric emptying rate and small intestine propulsion rate increase(P<0.01),a normal ICC structure,and a small amount of autophagosomes were still visible,the expressions of Beclin1,LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ protein and mRNA in gastric antrum tissue decreased(P<0.01),the expressions of p62,c-kit protein and mRNA increased(P<0.01),while Caspase-3 protein expression decreased(P<0.01),and the apoptosis rate of gastric antral tissue cells decreased(P<0.01).There was no statistically significant difference in various indicators between electroacupuncture group and Western medicine group(P>0.05).Conclusion Electroacupuncture at"Neiguan"and"Gongsun"can restore the number and structure of ICC and improve gastrointestinal motility,and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of autophagy and apoptosis levels.

Objective To observe the effects of electroacupuncture at"Neiguan"and"Gongsun"on autophagy and apoptosis related indexes of interstitial cells of Cajal(ICC)in rats with functional dyspepsia(FD);To explore its possible mechanism on improving gastrointestinal motility of FD.Methods Totally 32 SPF grade SD rats were randomly divided into blank group,model group,electroacupuncture group and Western medicine group,with 8 rats in each group.An FD model was constructed using a composite etiology modeling method.The electroacupuncture group received electroacupuncture at"Neiguan"and"Gongsun",while the Western medicine group received oral administration of mosapride once a day for 7 consecutive days.The general condition,body mass and average daily intake of rats were observed every week,and gastric emptying rate and small intestine propulsion rate were detected,transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the structure of gastric antrum ICC,Western blot was used to observe the expressions of c-kit,Beclin1,LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ,p62,Caspase-3 protein in gastric antrum tissue,qPCR was used to observe the mRNA expressions of Beclin1,LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ,p62 and c-kit in gastric antrum tissue,TUNEL staining was used to detect the apoptosis rate of cells in gastric antrum tissue.Results Compared with the blank group,the model group rats were mentally lethargic,clustered and curled up,with reduced activity,rough and dull hair,loose and unformed feces,reduced body mass and daily food intake(P<0.05),and gastric emptying rate and small intestine propulsion rate decreased(P<0.01),ICC mitochondria swelled and dissolved,with varying degrees of vacuolar formation,rough endoplasmic reticulum dilation and destruction,and a large number of autophagosomes,the expressions of Beclin1 and LC3 Ⅱ/Ⅰ protein and mRNA in gastric antrum tissue increased(P<0.01),the expressions of p62,c-kit protein and mRNA decreased(P<0.01),while Caspase-3 protein expression increased(P<0.01),and the apoptosis rate of gastric antral tissue cells increased(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the condition of rats in electroacupuncture group and the Western medicine group were improved,with increased responsiveness,increased mobility,neat hair,formed feces,increased body mass and daily food intake(P<0.01),and gastric emptying rate and small intestine propulsion rate increase(P<0.01),a normal ICC structure,and a small amount of autophagosomes were still visible,the expressions of Beclin1,LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ protein and mRNA in gastric antrum tissue decreased(P<0.01),the expressions of p62,c-kit protein and mRNA increased(P<0.01),while Caspase-3 protein expression decreased(P<0.01),and the apoptosis rate of gastric antral tissue cells decreased(P<0.01).There was no statistically significant difference in various indicators between electroacupuncture group and Western medicine group(P>0.05).Conclusion Electroacupuncture at"Neiguan"and"Gongsun"can restore the number and structure of ICC and improve gastrointestinal motility,and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of autophagy and apoptosis levels.

BACKGROUND:Gingival thickness is an important indicator to determine gingival phenotype.The correct evaluation of gingival phenotype is helpful for the smooth going of periodontal surgery,implant implantation and orthodontic treatment.The search for a comfortable,accurate and convenient method of measuring gingival thickness has always been a research hotspot in this field. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the gingival thickness in different dental positions and to study the consistency of cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT)image and digital intraoral scanners and cone-beam computed tomography(DIS-CBCT)superimposition image for measuring gingival thickness and determining whether the gingiva is thick or thin. METHODS:Twenty volunteers(10 males and 10 females)with complete maxillary dentition were recruited.The thickness of the gingiva 2 mm below the buccal gingival margin of 160 teeth was measured by CBCT image and DIS-CBCT digital superimposition image.Gingival thickness was used to determine whether the gingiva was thick or thin.Paired t-test was used to analyze the differences in gingival thickness measured by the two methods.Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between the gingival thickness results of the two methods.The intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC)and Bland-AItman chart were used to analyze the repeatability and consistency in measuring gingival thickness using the two methods.Kappa value was used to analyze the consistency in determining whether the gingiva was thick or thin using the two methods. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The gingival thickness measured by CBCT image and DIS-CBCT digital superimposition image was(1.47±0.39)and(1.42±0.36)mm,respectively(t=5.673,P＜0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that the gingival thickness measured by the two methods was positively correlated(r=0.968,P＜0.001).In the CBCT group,the values of intraobserver and interobserver ICC were 0.980-0.982 and 0.984,respectively;in the DIS-CBCT group,the values of intraobserver and interobserver ICC were 0.941-0.984 and 0.964,respectively(P＜0.001).The intergroup ICC value of gingival thickness measured by the two methods was 0.967(P＜0.001).Bland-AItman analysis showed that 4.37%(7/160)of the points measured by both methods for gingival thickness was outside the 95%limits of agreement.There were 71 cases of thick-gingiva and 89 cases of thin-gingiva measured by CBCT imaging,and 59 cases of thick-gingiva and 101 cases of thin-gingiva measured by DIS-CBCT digital superimposition image.The Kappa value of the two groups was 0.845(P＜0.001).These findings indicate that there is a significant difference in the thickness measurement of the gingiva 2 mm below the gingival margin between the CBCT group and the DIS-CBCT group,but the correlation is very strong.The repeatability and consistency of gingival thickness measurement are both high,and there is a good consistency between the two methods when used to determine whether the gingiva is thick or thin.

OBJECTIVE To screen the prescription and preparation method of Bupleurum nanoemulsion, and evaluate its quality, study the antipyretic effect. METHODS The emulsifier and co-emulsifier of the nanoemulsion were preliminarily screened, and then the prescription was screened by pseudo-ternary phase diagram. The quality evaluation of the appearance, particle size distribution, structure type, stability and content of the prepared Bupleurum nanoemulsion was performed. Wistar rats were further randomly divided into blank control group, model control group, positive control group(aspirin group), Bupleurum nanoemulsion high-dose, medium-dose and low-dose groups(18.00, 9.00, 3.00 g·kg−1). Except for the blank control group, the pathological model of fever rats was prepared in the other groups. According to the scheduled experimental requirements, rats in each group were given the corresponding drugs. And the temperature changes of rats in each group were recorded at 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3 h to observe the antipyretic effect of Bupleurum nanoemulsion. RESULTS The best prescription of Bupleurum nanoemulsion: Tween-80 6 g and n-butanol 3 g, Bupleurum extract dissolved in pure water as water phase 20 mL, Bupleurum oil as oil phase 2 g. At room temperature, the Bupleurum nanoemulsion was a yellow-brown clear and transparent liquid, O/W nanoemulsion, with an average particle size of (77.21±3.66)nm, polydispersity index of 0.28±0.04, Zeta potential of (–18.81±1.42)mV, and saikosaponin content of 3.071 mg·mL−1, with good stability. In animal experiments, compared with the model control group, the rectal temperature of aspirin group and Bupleurum nanoemulsion high-dose group was significantly lower after the first administration(P<0.01), the rectal temperature of Bupleurum nanoemulsion middle-dose group was significantly lower after the first administration 2, 3 h(P<0.01). CONCLUSION The Bupleurum nanoemulsion is transparent and stable, and it has good antipyretic effect on fever rat model.

Objective To assess the level of knowledge and influencing factors related to osteoporosis in elderly patients with osteoporotic vertebral fractures after surgery in China,providing a basis for improving their under-standing.Methods A total of 5 955 elderly patients with osteoporotic vertebral fractures in 31 provinces(au-tonomous regions and municipalities)were selected as survey subjects from September to November 2023.A gener-al information questionnaire and an osteoporosis knowledge assessment tool were used for a cross-sectional survey.The univariate analysis and logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors.Results 5 248 valid questionnaires were collected,and the effective questionnaire recovery rate was 88.13％.The score of osteoporosis knowledge assessment tool of elderly patients with osteoporotic vertebral fractures after surgery was 11.00(7.00,13.00).70.03％of the patients had poor knowledge of osteoporosis.The location of the hospital(eastern re-gion hospitals),presence of tumors,past surgical history,admission for falls,diagnosis of severe osteoporosis,postop-erative complications,use of walking aids,use of anti-osteoporosis drugs,osteoporosis health education,fall prevention health education,and health education forms(video,telephone,manual,and WeChat)were the influencing factors of osteoporosis knowledge in elderly patients with osteoporotic vertebral fractures after surgery(P＜0.05).Conclusion The osteoporosis knowledge of elderly patients with osteoporotic vertebral fractures after surgery needs to be im-proved.To help the secondary prevention of osteoporosis,the standardized osteoporosis health education should be strengthened,and attention should be paid to key groups.

Objective To assess the level of knowledge and influencing factors related to osteoporosis in elderly patients with osteoporotic vertebral fractures after surgery in China,providing a basis for improving their under-standing.Methods A total of 5 955 elderly patients with osteoporotic vertebral fractures in 31 provinces(au-tonomous regions and municipalities)were selected as survey subjects from September to November 2023.A gener-al information questionnaire and an osteoporosis knowledge assessment tool were used for a cross-sectional survey.The univariate analysis and logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors.Results 5 248 valid questionnaires were collected,and the effective questionnaire recovery rate was 88.13％.The score of osteoporosis knowledge assessment tool of elderly patients with osteoporotic vertebral fractures after surgery was 11.00(7.00,13.00).70.03％of the patients had poor knowledge of osteoporosis.The location of the hospital(eastern re-gion hospitals),presence of tumors,past surgical history,admission for falls,diagnosis of severe osteoporosis,postop-erative complications,use of walking aids,use of anti-osteoporosis drugs,osteoporosis health education,fall prevention health education,and health education forms(video,telephone,manual,and WeChat)were the influencing factors of osteoporosis knowledge in elderly patients with osteoporotic vertebral fractures after surgery(P＜0.05).Conclusion The osteoporosis knowledge of elderly patients with osteoporotic vertebral fractures after surgery needs to be im-proved.To help the secondary prevention of osteoporosis,the standardized osteoporosis health education should be strengthened,and attention should be paid to key groups.

Objective:To analyze the medication rules in the ancient book Pu Ji Fang for the external treatment of acne based on data mining method. Methods:By screening out the methods of treating acne externally in Pu Ji Fang and establishing a standardized medical record database, this paper adopted the web version of Ancient and Modern Medical Record Cloud Platform to calculate the frequency, properties, flavors, and meridians of those medicines, and conduct cluster analysis by using IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0 software to analyze the association rules. Results:A total of 87 prescriptions were selected, including 164 kinds of Chinese materia medica, among which. Radix Angelicae, Ligusticum Wallichii, Rhizoma Typhoni and lead powder are frequently appeared. The properties of those medicines are mainly warm, cold and mild; the flavors of those medicines are mainly spicy, acrid, sweet and bitter, and the meridians mainly belongs to lung, spleen, stomach and liver meridians. The medical pair and group with the strongest associationion are Ligusticum Wallichii- Radix Angelicae and Rhizoma Typhonii- Radix Angelicae- Ligusticum Wallichii. Those freuently appeared medicines could be grouped into three categories. The paste dosage that was frequently appeared has strong correlation with tallow, mercury and lead powder, while the powder dosage that was frequenctly appeared has strong correlation with Angelica Dahurica, Radix Saponicae, Gleditsia sinensis, Radices Ligustici Sinensis and Ligusticum Wallichii. Conclusions:The application of data mining method could preliminarily reveal the medication rules of Pu Ji Fang for the external treatment of acne. The main treatment method is XinSanFaYue. The three categories of Chinese materia medica are used to treat the syndrome of asthenic habitus attacked by exogenous pathogenic factors, exterior attacked by wind heat and hot blood stasis respectively, showing the rules of treating acne externally before Ming Dynasty and providing references for the clinical treatment of acne.

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) combined with spinal fractures with thoracic and lumbar fracture as the most common type shows characteristics of unstable fracture, high incidence of nerve injury, high mortality and high disability rate. The diagnosis may be missed because it is mostly caused by low-energy injury, when spinal rigidity and osteoporosis have a great impact on the accuracy of imaging examination. At the same time, the treatment choices are controversial, with no relevant specifications. Non-operative treatments can easily lead to bone nonunion, pseudoarthrosis and delayed nerve injury, while surgeries may be failed due to internal fixation failure. At present, there are no evidence-based guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of AS combined with thoracic and lumbar fracture. In this context, the Spinal Trauma Academic Group of Orthopedics Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized experts to formulate the Clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of adult ankylosing spondylitis combined with thoracolumbar fracture ( version 2023) by following the principles of evidence-based medicine and systematically review related literatures. Ten recommendations on the diagnosis, imaging evaluation, classification and treatment of AS combined with thoracic and lumbar fracture were put forward, aiming to standardize the clinical diagnosis and treatment of such disorder.

OBJECTIVE To study the efficacy of sinapine thiocyanate dissoluble microneedle （ST-DMN） for acupoint administration against bronchial asthma （BA）. METHODS The network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques were used to screen the core targets of sinapine thiocyanate （ST） against BA， and the pharmacodynamics of the top 3 core targets was studied. Firstly， ST-DMN was prepared （drug loading of ST was 1 mg/tablet）； secondly， 30 rats were divided into blank control group， model control group， blank microneedle group， Sinapine powder plaster group （positive control group） and ST-DMN group. Except for the blank control group， rats of other groups were sensitized with 10% ovalbumin （containing aluminum hydroxide adjuvant） and nebulized with 1% ovalbumin to induce the BA model. After modeling， blank control group did not receive any intervention； normal saline was applied to the Feishu acupoint and Dazhui acupoint of the rats in the model control group， while the blank microneedle group， Sinapine powder plaster group and ST-DMN group were given blank microneedle， Sinapis alba powder （plaster， 1.5 g） and ST-DMN （3 tablets at 2 acupoints） at same acupoint， once a day， for 28 consecutive days. After administration， the general symptoms were observed and the body mass of the rats was measured.pathological changes of lung tissues in rats was observed； the levels of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2 （PTGS2）， GNYL matrix metalloproteinase-9 （MMP-9） and interleukin-2 （IL-2）in serum， bronchoalveolar lavage fluid （BALF） and lung tissues were determined. RESULTS Results of network pharmacology and molecular docking showed that the key targets of ST against BA were identified as PTGS2， MMP-9， IL-2， epidermal growth factor receptor， heat shock protein90AA1， etc. Pharmacodynamic experiments showed that compared with model control group， relieved cough， restored hair color， sensitive behavior， stable respiration and increased body weight were all found in ST-DMN group； the histopathological changes as the structure of lung tissue， infiltration of alveolar epithelial cells and pulmonary interstitial inflammatory cells were improved to different extent； the levels of PTGS2， MMP-9 and IL-2 in serum， BALF and lung tissue were significantly reduced （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS The anti-BA effect of ST-DMN acupoint administration is good， the mechanism of which may be associated with decreasing the levels of PTGS2， MMP-9 and IL-2 in serum， BALF and lung tissue.

Objective: To investigate the feasibility and the accuracy of the coronary CT angiography (CCTA)-derived Registry of Crossboss and Hybrid procedures in France, the Netherlands, Belgium and United Kingdom (RECHARGE) score (RECHARGE CCTA) for the prediction of procedural success and 30-minutes guidewire crossing in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for chronic total occlusion (CTO). Materials and Methods: One hundred and twenty-four consecutive patients (mean age, 54 years; 79% male) with 131 CTO lesions who underwent CCTA before catheter angiography (CA) with CTO-PCI were retrospectively enrolled in this study. The RECHARGE CCTA scores were calculated and compared with RECHARGECA and other CTA-based prediction scores, including Multicenter CTO Registry of Japan (J-CTO), CT Registry of CTO Revascularisation (CT-RECTOR), and Korean Multicenter CTO CT Registry (KCCT) scores. Results: The procedural success rate of the CTO-PCI procedures was 72%, and 61% of cases achieved the 30-minutes wire crossing. No significant difference was observed between the RECHARGE CCTA score and the RECHARGECA score for procedural success (median 2 vs. median 2, p = 0.084). However, the RECHARGE CCTA score was higher than the RECHARGE CA score for the 30-minutes wire crossing (median 2 vs. median 1.5, p = 0.001). The areas under the curve (AUCs) of the RECHARGE CCTA and RECHARGE CA scores for predicting procedural success showed no statistical significance (0.718 vs. 0.757, p = 0.655). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and the negative predictive value of the RECHARGE CCTA scores of ≤ 2 for predictive procedural success were 78%, 60%, 43%, and 87%, respectively. The RECHARGE CCTA score showed a discriminative performance that was comparable to those of the other CTA-based prediction scores (AUC = 0.718 vs. 0.665–0.717, all p > 0.05). Conclusion The non-invasive RECHARGE CCTA score performs better than the invasive determination for the prediction of the 30-minutes wire crossing of CTO-PCI. However, the RECHARGECCTA score may not replace other CTA-based prediction scores for predicting CTO-PCI success.