As a new type of production factor that can empower the development of new quality productivity, the data element is an important engine to promote the high quality development of the industry. Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) dispensing is the most basic work of TCM clinical pharmacy, and its quality directly affects the clinical efficacy of TCM. The integration of data elements and TCM dispensing can stimulate the innovation and vitality of the TCM dispensing industry and promote the high-quality and sustainable development of the industry. A large-scale, detailed, and systematic study on TCM dispensing was conducted. The innovative practice path of data fusion construction in the whole process of TCM dispensing was investigated by integrating the digital resources "nine full activities" of TCM dispensing, creating the digital dictionary of "TCM clinical information data elements", and exploring innovative applications of TCM dispensing driven by data and technology, so as to promote the standardized, digital, and intelligent development of TCM dispensing in medical health services. The research content of this project was successfully selected as the second batch of "Data element×" typical cases of National Data Administration in 2024, which is the only selected case in the field of TCM.
Medicine, Chinese Traditional/methods* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Humans

OBJECTIVE: To explore the efficacy and safety of Juan Bi Pill (JBP) in treatment of active rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: From February 2017 to May 2018, 115 participants from 4 centers were randomly divided into JBP group (57 cases) and placebo group (58 cases) in a 1:1 ratio using a random number table method. Participants received a dose of JBP (4 g, twice a day, orally) combined with methotrexate (MTX, 10 mg per week) or placebo (4 g, twice a day, orally) combined with MTX for 12 weeks. Participants were required with follow-up visits at 24 and 48 weeks, attending 7 assessment visits. Participants were undergo disease activity assessment 7 times (at baseline and 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48 weeks) and safety assessments 6 times (at baseline and 4, 8, 12, 24, 48 weeks). The primary endpoint was 28-joint Disease Activity Score (DAS28-ESR and DAS28-CRP). The secondary endpoints included American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria for 20% and 50% improvement (ACR20/50), Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ-DI), clinical disease activity index (CDAI), visual analog scale (VAS), Short Form-36 (SF-36) score, Medial Outcomes Study (MOS) sleep scale score, serum erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), tender joint count, swollen joint count, and morning stiffness. The adverse reactions were observed during the treatment. RESULTS: After 12 weeks of treatment, DAS28-ESR and DAS28-CRP scores in both groups were lower than before treatment (both P<0.01), while the remission rate of DAS28-ESR and DAS28-CRP and low disease activity of JBP group were higher than those in the placebo group (both P<0.01). JBP demonstrated better efficacy on ACR20 and ACR50 compliance rate at 12 and 48 weeks comparing to placebo (all P<0.05). The CDAI and HAQ-DI score, pain VAS and global VAS change of RA patients and physicians, the serum ESR and CRP levels, and the number of tenderness and swelling joints were lower than before treatment at 4, 8, 12, 24, 48 weeks in both groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01), while the reduction of above indices in the JBP group was more obvious than those in the placebo group at 12 weeks (ESR and CRP, both P<0.05) or at 12 and 48 weeks (all P<0.01). There was no difference in adverse reactions between the 2 groups during treatment (P=0.75). CONCLUSION JBP combined with MTX could effectively reduce disease activity in patients with RA in active stage, reduce the symptoms of arthritis, and improve the quality of life, while ensuring safety, reliability, and fewer adverse effects. (Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, No. NCT02885597).
Humans ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy* ; Methotrexate/adverse effects* ; Female ; Double-Blind Method ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/adverse effects* ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Adult ; Antirheumatic Agents/adverse effects* ; Aged

This study aims to reveal the effect and mechanism of Gentianella turkestanorum total extract(GTI) in ameliorating non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH). UPLC-Q-TOF-MS was employed to identify the chemical components in GTI. SwissTarget-Prediction, GeneCards, OMIM, and TTD were utilized to screen the targets of GTI components and NASH. The common targets shared by GTI components and NASH were filtered through the STRING database and Cytoscape 3.9.0 to identify core targets, followed by GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. AutoDock was used for molecular docking of key components with core targets. A mouse model of NASH was established with a methionine-choline-deficient high-fat diet. A 4-week drug intervention was conducted, during which mouse weight was monitored, and the liver-to-brain ratio was measured at the end. Hematoxylin-eosin staining, Sirius red staining, and oil red O staining were employed to observe the pathological changes in the liver tissue. The levels of various biomarkers, including aspartate aminotransferase(AST), alanine aminotransferase(ALT), hydroxyproline(HYP), total cholesterol(TC), triglycerides(TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), malondialdehyde(MDA), superoxide dismutase(SOD), and glutathione(GSH), in the serum and liver tissue were determined. RT-qPCR was conducted to measure the mRNA levels of interleukin 1β(IL-1β), interleukin 6(IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α), collagen type I α1 chain(COL1A1), and α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA). Western blotting was conducted to determine the protein levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and potential drug targets identified through network pharmacology. UPLC-Q-TOF/MS identified 581 chemical components of GTI, and 534 targets of GTI and 1 157 targets of NASH were screened out. The topological analysis of the common targets shared by GTI and NASH identified core targets such as IL-1β, IL-6, protein kinase B(AKT), TNF, and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma(PPARG). GO and KEGG analyses indicated that the ameliorating effect of GTI on NASH was related to inflammatory responses and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/AKT pathway. The staining results demonstrated that GTI ameliorated hepatocyte vacuolation, swelling, ballooning, and lipid accumulation in NASH mice. Compared with the model group, high doses of GTI reduced the AST, ALT, HYP, TC, and TG levels(P<0.01) while increasing the HDL-C, SOD, and GSH levels(P<0.01). RT-qPCR results showed that GTI down-regulated the mRNA levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, COL1A1, and α-SMA(P<0.01). Western blot results indicated that GTI down-regulated the protein levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, phosphorylated PI3K(p-PI3K), phosphorylated AKT(p-AKT), phosphorylated inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B alpha(p-IκBα), and nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB)(P<0.01). In summary, GTI ameliorates inflammation, dyslipidemia, and oxidative stress associated with NASH by regulating the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Animals ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/genetics* ; Mice ; Network Pharmacology ; Male ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Liver/metabolism* ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Humans ; Mass Spectrometry ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism* ; Disease Models, Animal ; Molecular Docking Simulation

Functional dyspepsia (FD), characterized by persistent or recurrent dyspeptic symptoms without identifiable organic, systemic or metabolic causes, is an increasingly recognized global health issue. The objective of this guideline is to equip clinicians and nursing professionals with evidence-based strategies for the management and treatment of adult patients with FD using traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The Guideline Development Group consulted existing TCM consensus documents on FD and convened a panel of 35 clinicians to generate initial clinical queries. To address these queries, a systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP Database, China Biology Medicine (SinoMed) Database, Wanfang Database, Traditional Medicine Research Data Expanded (TMRDE), and the Traditional Chinese Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System (TCMLARS). The evidence from the literature was critically appraised using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. The strength of the recommendations was ascertained through a consensus-building process involving TCM and allopathic medicine experts, methodologists, pharmacologists, nursing specialists, and health economists, leveraging their collective expertise and empirical knowledge. The guideline comprises a total of 43 evidence-informed recommendations that span a range of clinical aspects, including the pathogenesis according to TCM, diagnostic approaches, therapeutic interventions, efficacy assessments, and prognostic considerations. Please cite this article as: Zhang SS, Zhao LQ, Hou XH, Bian ZX, Zheng JH, Tian HH, Yang GH, Hong WS, He YY, Liu L, Shen H, Li YP, Xie S, Shu J, Zeng BF, Li JX, Liu Z, Xiao ZH, Xiao JD, Zheng PY, Huang SG, Chen SL, Fei GJ. International clinical practice guideline on the use of traditional Chinese medicine for functional dyspepsia (2025). J Integr Med. 2025; 23(5):502-518.
Dyspepsia/drug therapy* ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional/methods* ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use*

Bladder cancer is a common malignant tumor in the urinary system.At present,the main treatment methods include surgery and drug therapy.Although surgical treatment has shown remarkable effects,the prognosis and quality of life of patients still need to be improved.In recent years,immunotherapy has developed rapidly,with programmed cell death-1(PD-1)/programmed cell death-ligand-1(PD-L1)emerging as particularly prominent targets.In order to deeply understand the potential of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in the treatment of bladder cancer and provide new ideas for the treatment of bladder cancer,this study reviewed the research progress of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in the field of bladder cancer.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Coronary artery calcification often appears a variety of complex lesions,increasing coronary intervention of the difficulty of treatment,especially the severe calcification lesions,usually cannot be fully dilated,resulting in a reduced success rate of surgery,an increased rate of acute stent thrombosis and restenosis,and even a serious impact on the prognosis of patients.Intravascular lithotripsy(IVL)is increasingly used in calcified lesions.There is more and more evidence of using in stable angina pectoris and unstable angina pectoris,but its use in acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction is limited,and only a few cases have been reported abroad.Moreover,the consensus of Chinese experts in the diagnosis and treatment of coronary artery calcification in 2021 edition lists thrombotic lesions as contraindications of shock wave balloon.This case is the first time in China to report the use of shock wave balloon in patients with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction complicated with thrombus.In this case,the patient with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction complicated with thrombus was severely under expanded stent after stent implantation,and obtain good curative effect using shockwave balloon at selected time in hospital after intensive anticoagulant therapy.

Bladder cancer is a common malignant tumor in the urinary system.At present,the main treatment methods include surgery and drug therapy.Although surgical treatment has shown remarkable effects,the prognosis and quality of life of patients still need to be improved.In recent years,immunotherapy has developed rapidly,with programmed cell death-1(PD-1)/programmed cell death-ligand-1(PD-L1)emerging as particularly prominent targets.In order to deeply understand the potential of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in the treatment of bladder cancer and provide new ideas for the treatment of bladder cancer,this study reviewed the research progress of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in the field of bladder cancer.

Objective To investigate the distribution and antibiotic resistance of clinical isolates in the Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University.Methods Bacterial strains were collected from January 1,2020,to December 31,2023,and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility using automated systems and disk diffusion methods.The results were interpreted according to the breakpoints recommended in the CLSI M100.Results Over the four-year period,22 121 bacterial strains were analyzed,including Gram-positive bacteria(24.1％,5 338/22 121)and Gram-negative bacteria(75.9％,16 783/22 121).The prevalence of methicillin-resistant S.aureus(MRSA)and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus(MRCNS)was 26.4％and 68.9％,respectively.MRSA and MRCNS strains showed higher resistance rates to most antimicrobial agents compared to methicillin-susceptible strains(MSSA and MSCNS).No Staphylococcus strains were found resistant to linezolid or vancomycin.E.faecium showed higher resistance rates to most of the antimicrobial agents tested than E.faecalis.A few vancomycin-resistant strains were identified in E.faecium and limited number of linezolid-resistant strains were identified in E.faecalis.All S.pneumoniae isolates were isolated from specimens other than cerebrospinal fluid.The prevalence of penicillin-resistant S.pneumoniae(PRSP)was 9.4％.Overall,13.2％of Klebsiella isolates were resistant to imipenem and 13.1％to meropenem,while the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant strains was less than 10％in Escherichia coli or other genera of Enterobacterales.As for non-fermenting Gram-negative bacteria,P.aeruginosa was largely susceptible to most antimicrobial agents.Overall,11.8％and 10.9％of P.aeruginosa strains were resistant rates to imipenem and meropenem,respectively.However,47.1％of Acinetobacter strains were resistant to imipenem and 47.9％to meropenem,while 14.9％to 53.2％of the strains were resistant to other antimicrobial agents tested.Conclusions The clinical strains isolated in the Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University were predominantly Gram-negative bacteria.The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant strains in Klebsiella spp.was higher than that in other species of Enterobacterales.Acinetobacter spp.showed high resistance rate to carbapenems.The prevalence of methicillin-resistant strains was high in Staphylococcus.Vancomycin-resistant and linezolid-resistant strains were identified in Enterococcus spp.Infection prevention and control and stewardship of antimicrobial agents should be strengthened to contain the emergence and spread of resistant bacteria.

Objective To investigate the distribution and antibiotic resistance of clinical isolates in the Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University.Methods Bacterial strains were collected from January 1,2020,to December 31,2023,and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility using automated systems and disk diffusion methods.The results were interpreted according to the breakpoints recommended in the CLSI M100.Results Over the four-year period,22 121 bacterial strains were analyzed,including Gram-positive bacteria(24.1％,5 338/22 121)and Gram-negative bacteria(75.9％,16 783/22 121).The prevalence of methicillin-resistant S.aureus(MRSA)and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus(MRCNS)was 26.4％and 68.9％,respectively.MRSA and MRCNS strains showed higher resistance rates to most antimicrobial agents compared to methicillin-susceptible strains(MSSA and MSCNS).No Staphylococcus strains were found resistant to linezolid or vancomycin.E.faecium showed higher resistance rates to most of the antimicrobial agents tested than E.faecalis.A few vancomycin-resistant strains were identified in E.faecium and limited number of linezolid-resistant strains were identified in E.faecalis.All S.pneumoniae isolates were isolated from specimens other than cerebrospinal fluid.The prevalence of penicillin-resistant S.pneumoniae(PRSP)was 9.4％.Overall,13.2％of Klebsiella isolates were resistant to imipenem and 13.1％to meropenem,while the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant strains was less than 10％in Escherichia coli or other genera of Enterobacterales.As for non-fermenting Gram-negative bacteria,P.aeruginosa was largely susceptible to most antimicrobial agents.Overall,11.8％and 10.9％of P.aeruginosa strains were resistant rates to imipenem and meropenem,respectively.However,47.1％of Acinetobacter strains were resistant to imipenem and 47.9％to meropenem,while 14.9％to 53.2％of the strains were resistant to other antimicrobial agents tested.Conclusions The clinical strains isolated in the Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University were predominantly Gram-negative bacteria.The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant strains in Klebsiella spp.was higher than that in other species of Enterobacterales.Acinetobacter spp.showed high resistance rate to carbapenems.The prevalence of methicillin-resistant strains was high in Staphylococcus.Vancomycin-resistant and linezolid-resistant strains were identified in Enterococcus spp.Infection prevention and control and stewardship of antimicrobial agents should be strengthened to contain the emergence and spread of resistant bacteria.