With the continuous deepening of the concept of precision diagnosis and treatment for lung cancer, how to achieve higher efficiency and accuracy in the screening, diagnosis, and treatment pathways in clinical practice has become an important issue that urgently needs to be overcome. The current clinical difficulty lies in the fact that despite continuous advancements in imaging and molecular diagnostic technologies, there are still limitations in manual efficiency and subjective experience when it comes to massive data analysis and multi-scale feature extraction. Artificial intelligence (AI), especially algorithm systems based on deep learning, is an innovative technology capable of deeply empowering medical big data. This method utilizes algorithms such as convolutional neural networks, combined with radiomics, pathomics, and multi-modal data fusion analysis, demonstrating immense potential in early precise detection and benign-malignant differentiation of pulmonary nodules, digital pathological subtype recognition and non-invasive prediction of driver genes, precise 3D surgical planning and automatic delineation of radiotherapy target volumes, as well as dynamic risk warning during follow-up. This innovative technology provides a brand-new solution for realizing intelligent and individualized lung cancer diagnosis and treatment models. This consensus, based on the latest evidence from evidence-based medicine and combined with the development trends in the AI field and real-world clinical needs, was ultimately formed by gathering the consensus opinions of multidisciplinary experts in radiology, pathology, thoracic surgery, and other fields. The main content covers the application specifications of AI in the three core scenarios of lung cancer screening, diagnosis, and treatment, the technical standards for data collection and algorithm validation, as well as the ethical and regulatory challenges faced at the current stage. It aims to clarify the applicable boundaries of AI as a clinical auxiliary decision support tool, providing scientific guidance and standardized exploration directions for peers currently engaged in or planning to carry out AI-assisted clinical diagnosis, treatment, and translation of lung cancer.

Patients with lung cancer experience a heavy symptom burden during the perioperative period, which seriously affects their recovery and quality of life. Traditional symptom management models rely mainly on scheduled ward rounds during hospitalization and outpatient follow-up after discharge. However, they have limitations such as delayed symptom recognition, lack of post-discharge monitoring, and non-quantitative symptom assessment, which often lead to delayed interventions and low patient satisfaction. In recent years, the symptom management model based on electronic patient-reported outcomes (ePRO) has been increasingly valued in clinical practice. Existing high-level evidence from both domestic and international studies indicates that, through proactive monitoring, real-time alerts, and remote interventions, this model enables dynamic and continuous symptom management and helps improve patient recovery and healthcare experience. As a supplement to routine medical care, the ePRO-based symptom management model aims to enhance the quality of care rather than replace existing medical processes. To promote the standardized application of this model in perioperative lung cancer care, this consensus integrates domestic and international evidence. After multiple rounds of voting by more than 50 experts, it formulates 12 consensus statements covering the three core components, symptom monitoring, alerting, and intervention, to provide scientific and practical recommendations for clinical practice.

With the widespread adoption of low-dose CT screening and the extensive application of high-resolution CT, the detection rate of sub-centimeter lung nodules has significantly increased. How to scientifically manage these nodules while avoiding overtreatment and diagnostic delays has become an important clinical issue. Among them, lung nodules with a consolidation tumor ratio less than 0.25, dominated by ground-glass shadows, are particularly worthy of attention. The therapeutic challenge for this group is how to achieve precise and complete resection of nodules during surgery while maximizing the preservation of the patient's lung function. The "watershed topography map" is a new technology based on big data and artificial intelligence algorithms. This method uses Dicom data from conventional dose CT scans, combined with microscopic (22-24 levels) capillary network anatomical watershed features, to generate high-precision simulated natural segmentation planes of lung sub-segments through specific textures and forms. This technology forms fluorescent watershed boundaries on the lung surface, which highly fit the actual lung anatomical structure. By analyzing the adjacent relationship between the nodule and the watershed boundary, real-time, visually accurate positioning of the nodule can be achieved. This innovative technology provides a new solution for the intraoperative positioning and resection of lung nodules. This consensus was led by four major domestic societies, jointly with expert teams in related fields, oriented to clinical practical needs, referring to domestic and foreign guidelines and consensus, and finally formed after multiple rounds of consultation, discussion, and voting. The main content covers the theoretical basis of the "watershed topography map" technology, indications, operation procedures, surgical planning details, and postoperative evaluation standards, aiming to provide scientific guidance and exploration directions for clinical peers who are currently or plan to carry out lung nodule resection using the fluorescent microscope watershed analysis method.

Recent studies have shown that the physiological homeostasis of oral mucosal cells is regulated by the circadian clock.Dis-ruption or dysfunction of the circadian clock is closely associated with the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC).Research based on the circadian clock offers a novel perspective on the pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies for OSCC.However,there is current-ly limited research on this topic,and people generally have insufficient understanding and recognition of the circadian clock.Given the complexity and challenges of circadian clock which is the fourth dimension of medical research,we organize relevant experts based on summarizing the current research results of circadian clock in the pathogenesis and precision diagnosis and treatment of OSCC,combining the scientific principles of the circadian clock's role and their long-term research experience,then summarizes and recommends the con-sensus opinions for the research of circadian clock in the pathogenesis mechanism and precision diagnosis and treatment of human OSCC,with the hope of providing guidance for the basic research and clinical application of circadian clock or circadian rhythm in the pathogene-sis mechanism and precision diagnosis and treatment of oral and maxillofacial squamous cell carcinoma.

In recent decades,the incidence of human papillomavirus(HPV)-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma(OPSCC)has shown a marked increase.Significant changes have also occurred in the OPSCC diagnosis and treatment paradigm.Deter-mining HPV status prior to treatment is now essential,and radiotherapy/chemotherapy,immunotherapy,and minimally invasive surgical techniques have progressively emerged as key modalities for managing OPSCC.However,alongside these paradigm shifts,a comprehen-sive technical consensus guiding the entire diagnostic and therapeutic process for OPSCC patients is currently lacking.Given China's large population base and the rising incidence of OPSCC,an expert panel convened to develop a clinical technical consensus on OPSCC diagno-sis and management tailored to China's specific context.This consensus aims to further enhance and standardize understanding of OPSCC management techniques among relevant healthcare professionals.

Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma(OPSCC)is a malignant tumor originating from the squamous epithelium of the oro-pharyngeal mucosa,accounting for more than 90％of oropharyngeal malignancies.In recent years,human papillomavirus(HPV)infec-tion has become one of the primary etiological factors of oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma.The incidence of HPV-associated oropharyn-geal squamous carcinoma has been rising annually,with a noticeable trend toward younger populations,posing a significant threat to hu-man health.Due to the distinct biological behavior and clinical characteristics of HPV-associated oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma com-pared to its non-HPV-related counterpart,the diagnostic and treatment strategies for oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma have undergone substantial changes.Prevention and screening for oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma are of critical importance.The diagnostic and treat-ment process involves multi-disciplinary collaboration,including oral and maxillofacial surgery,otolaryngology,head and neck surgery,oncology,radiology and pathology.Based on evidence from clinical practice,a comprehensive,integrated diagnostic and therapeutic ap-proach has been established,centered around the concept of"prevention,screening,diagnosis,treatment,and rehabilitation",covering the entire patient lifecycle and providing a valuable reference for clinical practice.

Parkinson's disease(PD)is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders.Recent evidence implicates pyroptosis as one of the pathogenic mechanisms in central nervous system disorders,although its specific mechanisms remain unclear.In this study,SH-SY5Y cells were transfected with py-roptosis-related proteins GSDME full-length(GSDME-F)or GSDME-N terminal(GSDME-N)plasmids revealed that GSDME-N significantly reduced mitochondrial membrane potential(P＜0.0001).To inves-tigate the mechanism by which GSDME mediates mitochondrial dysfunction,Western blotting analysis demonstrated that transfection with GSDME-N plasmids significantly increased BAX expression and en-hanced its translocation to mitochondria in both HEK 293T and SH-SY5Y cells(P＜0.05).SH-SY5Y cells treated with varying concentrations of rotenone(ROT)exhibited GSDME cleavage,elevated BAX expression(P＜0.05),increased mitochondrial BAX aggregation(P＜0.05),and reduced mitochondrial membrane potential(P＜0.01),as confirmed by Western blotting and JC-1 staining.Concurrently,MTT assays assessing cell viability and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)release assays indicated that ROT in-duced these processes prior to pyroptosis.Furthermore,in a ROT-induced mouse PD model,ROT trig-gered GSDME cleavage,enhanced BAX expression,caused dopaminergic neuronal damage,and induced motor deficits.In summary,this study demonstrates that GSDME-N exacerbates mitochondrial damage and increases cytotoxicity by upregulating BAX expression and facilitating its mitochondrial translocation.This study provides novel insights into the role of GSDME in PD pathogenesis and suggests potential avenues for therapeutic intervention.

Objective:To investigate the expression of peptide transporter 1 (PEPT1) in gastric cancer and its clinical significance.Methods:PEPT1 protein expression and localization in human gastric cancer BGC-823, SGC-7901, MKN-45 cells were evaluated using cellular immunofluorescence staining. The expression of PEPT1 protein and mRNA in normal mucosal epithelial GES-1 cells, BGC-823, SGC-7901 and MKN-45 cells was detected by Western blot and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). Bioinformatics was used to analyze the expression of the slc15a1 gene, which encodes PEPT1, in gastric cancer and adjacent normal tissues. The PEPT1 expression in different pathological types of gastric cancer and adjacent normal tissues was detected by immunohistochemical staining. The serum samples of peripheral blood from 18 gastric cancer patients admitted to the Tianjin Medical University General Hospital from June to December 2019 were collected for the gastric cancer group, and the serum samples of peripheral blood from 21 gastric polyps patients were collected for the gastric polyp group. The expression level of PEPT1 in the two groups′ serum samples was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The diagnostic efficacy of PEPT1 was evaluated using a receiver operator characteristic curve method. The correlation between PEPT1 and gastric cancer markers was evaluated by the Pearson correlation analysis. The slc15a1 RNA interference lentivirus was constructed and transfected into MKN-45 cells, which were divided into a CON313 negative control group and a knockdown group. The effect of slc15a1 gene knockdown on MKN-45 cells proliferation was detected using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), Western blotting and qPCR assays. The slc15a1 RNA overexpression lentivirus was constructed and transfected into colon cancer Caco-2 cells, which were divided into a CON335 negative control group and an overexpression group. The effect of overexpression of slc15a1 gene on Caco-2 cells proliferation was detected using CCK-8, Western blotting, qPCR, and cell clone formation assays. Results:Different intensities of red fluorescence representing the PEPT1 protein were observed on the membranes of BGC-823, SGC-7901, and MKN-45 cells. PEPT1 protein expression was higher in BGC-823 (0.603±0.030), SGC-7901 (0.743±0.029), MKN-45 (0.835±0.029) cells than that in GES-1 cells (0.486±0.020) ( P<0.05, 0.01). The relative PEPT1 mRNA expression level in SGC-7901 cells (22.540±0.150) was higher than that in GES-1 cells (18.530±0.137) ( P<0.01). However, the relative PEPT1 mRNA expression level in BGC-823 (17.800±0.057) and MKN-45 (8.050±0.053) cells was lower than that in GES-1 cells (both P<0.01). Slc15a1 expression in gastric cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent normal gastric tissues ( P<0.05). PEPT1 was expressed in papillary adenocarcinoma, mucinous adenocarcinoma, signet ring cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, and the expression level was higher than that in adjacent normal gastric tissues. The PEPT1 expression in serum samples of gastric cancer patients [(3.002 8±0.689 4) ng/ml] was higher than that in gastric polyps patients [(2.575 7±0.468 1) ng/ml] ( P<0.05). The detection sensitivity and specificity of PEPT1 were 0.714 and 0.684, respectively, and the area under the curve was 0.659. A significant positive correlation was observed between PEPT1 and carcinoembryonic antigen ( R=0.459, P<0.05). The relative expression level of PEPT1 mRNA in the knockdown group (0.484±0.003) was significantly lower than that in the CON313 negative control group (1.000±0.029) ( P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the relative expression of PEPT1 protein between the knockdown group (0.954±0.007) and the CON313 negative control group (0.949±0.020) ( P>0.05). As culture time increased, the absorbance ( A) values in the knockdown group at 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 h (0.227±0.001, 0.642±0.007, 0.773±0.006, 0.938±0.038, 1.263±0.017) were gradually decreased from 48 h compared with those in the CON313 negative control group (0.217±0.006, 0.644±0.001, 0.802±0.020, 1.053±0.002, 1.507±0.002), and the A values of the knockdown group at 96 and 120 h were significantly lower than those of the CON313 negative control group (both P<0.01). The relative expression level of PEPT1 mRNA in the overexpression group (6.696±0.071) was significantly higher than that in the CON335 negative control group (1.001±0.048) ( P<0.01). However, there was no significant difference in the relative expression of PEPT1 protein between the overexpression group (0.899±0.007) and the CON335 negative control group (0.808±0.011) ( P>0.05). As culture time increased, the A values of the overexpression group at 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 h (0.212±0.009, 0.347±0.005, 0.639±0.003, 1.092±0.007, 1.39±0.010) were gradually increased compared with those in the CON335 negative control group (0.199±0.002, 0.323±0.003, 0.483±0.003, 0.787±0.007, 0.926±0.003) (all P<0.05). The results of cell clone formation assay showed that the number of clonal cells in the overexpression group [(371±8) cells] was significantly higher than that in the CON335 negative control group [(227±7) cells] ( P<0.05). Conclusions:PEPT1 is specifically overexpressed in gastric cancer. It affects the proliferation of gastric cancer cells by regulating slc15a1 gene expression. As a tumor marker, PEPT1 has a certain potential value in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer.

Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma(OPSCC)is a malignant tumor originating from the squamous epithelium of the oro-pharyngeal mucosa,accounting for more than 90％of oropharyngeal malignancies.In recent years,human papillomavirus(HPV)infec-tion has become one of the primary etiological factors of oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma.The incidence of HPV-associated oropharyn-geal squamous carcinoma has been rising annually,with a noticeable trend toward younger populations,posing a significant threat to hu-man health.Due to the distinct biological behavior and clinical characteristics of HPV-associated oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma com-pared to its non-HPV-related counterpart,the diagnostic and treatment strategies for oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma have undergone substantial changes.Prevention and screening for oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma are of critical importance.The diagnostic and treat-ment process involves multi-disciplinary collaboration,including oral and maxillofacial surgery,otolaryngology,head and neck surgery,oncology,radiology and pathology.Based on evidence from clinical practice,a comprehensive,integrated diagnostic and therapeutic ap-proach has been established,centered around the concept of"prevention,screening,diagnosis,treatment,and rehabilitation",covering the entire patient lifecycle and providing a valuable reference for clinical practice.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)is a malignant lesion originating from the oral mucosal squamous epithelium,account-ing for over 80％of oral and maxillofacial malignancies.Key etiological factors include tobacco,alcohol abuse,and betel quid chewing.In China,its incidence has shown an overall upward trend,posing a significant threat to public health.OSCC exhibits high local invasive-ness,making early diagnosis critical for improving prognosis.Its clinical management requires close multidisciplinary collaboration among oral and maxillofacial surgery,head and neck surgery,radiation oncology,medical oncology,reconstructive surgery,radiology,patholo-gy,and nutritional support teams.Given the increasing disease burden of OSCC and rapid development of multidisciplinary collaborative models,an expert panel has formulated this integrated management consensus based on evidence-based medicine and extensive deliber-ation.Centered on the'Prevention-Screening-Diagnosis-Treatment-Rehabilitation'framework,the consensus provides comprehensive guidance for the entire disease course of OSCC patients,aiming to standardize clinical practice.