This consensus will introduce the characteristics of fillers used in the surgical cavities of domestic nasal surgery patients based on relevant literature and expert opinions. It will also provide recommendations for the selection of cavity fillers for different nasal diseases, with chronic sinusitis as a representative example.
Humans ; Nasal Cavity/surgery* ; Nasal Surgical Procedures ; China ; Consensus ; Sinusitis/surgery* ; Dermal Fillers

By employing the analytic hierarchy process(AHP), the CRITIC method(a weight determination method based on indicator correlations), and the AHP-CRITIC hybrid weighting method, the weight coefficients of evaluation indicators were determined, followed by a comprehensive score comparison. The grey correlation analysis was then performed to analyze the results calculated using the hybrid weighting method. Subsequently, a backpropagation-artificial neural network(BP-ANN) model was constructed to predict the extraction process parameters and optimize the extraction process for Shenxiong Huanglian Jiedu Granules(SHJG). In the extraction process, an L_9(3~4) orthogonal experiment was designed to optimize three factors at three levels, including extraction frequency, water addition amount, and extraction time. The evaluation indicators included geniposide, berberine, ginsenoside Rg_1 + Re, ginsenoside Rb_1, ferulic acid, and extract yield. Finally, the optimal extraction results obtained by the orthogonal experiment, grey correlation analysis, and BP-ANN method were compared, and validation experiments were conducted. The results showed that the optimal extraction process involved two rounds of aqueous extraction, each lasting one hour; the first extraction used ten times the amount of added water, while the second extraction used eight times the amount. In the validation experiments, the average content of each indicator component was higher than the average content obtained in the orthogonal experiment, with a higher comprehensive score. The optimized extraction process parameters were reliable and stable, making them suitable for subsequent preparation process research.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal/analysis* ; Neural Networks, Computer

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a novel intravascular lithotripsy(IVL)balloon—Vesscrack shockwave balloon—for vascular preparation before stent implantation in patients with severe coronary artery calcification(CAC).Methods This was a prospective,single-arm,multicenter study conducted in China from June 2022 to October 2022.Patients with severe CAC were treated with the Vesscrack shockwave balloon for lesion preparation,followed by drug-eluting stent(DES)implantation.Of these,33 patients underwent optical coherence tomography(OCT).The primary endpoint was procedural success,defined as successful stent implantation with residual stenosis≤30％and the absence of in-hospital major adverse events,including cardiac death,target vessel-related myocardial infarction,or target lesion revascularization.Results A total of 170 patients[mean age:(65.9±7.9)years,116 males]were enrolled.After treatment with IVL and DES,the minimum lumen diameter increased significantly compared to baseline[(2.34±0.40)mm vs.(0.95±0.33)mm,P＜0.001],the degree of stenosis was significantly reduced[(13.24±6.60)％vs.(65.18±10.59)％,P＜0.001].Procedural success was achieved in 100％of cases,and device success was 98.8％.The 30-day patient-related cardiovascular clinical composite endpoint(POCE)rate was 0.0,with no target lesion failure,no confirmed or potential thrombotic events were observed.The shockwave energy generator demonstrated excellent stability and ease of use.Among the 33 patients assessed with OCT,after IVL intervention,the maximum calcified area of the lumen[(3.51±1.51)mm2 vs.(2.85±1.80)mm2,P＜0.001],and the minimum lumen area within the target lesion[(3.08±1.04)mm2 vs.(2.02±0.75)mm2,P＜0.001],and after DES intervention,the luminal area of the largest calcified site[(6.59±1.64)mm2 vs.(2.85±1.80)mm2,P＜0.001]and the minimum luminal area within the target lesion[(6.19±1.45)mm2 vs.(2.02±0.75)mm2,P＜0.001]were significantly increased,and the differences were statistically significant.Conclusions The Vesscrack shockwave balloon is effective and safe for vascular preparation in patients with severe CAC prior to stent implantation.It achieves significant calcified plaque modification,high procedural success rates,and minimal complications.

Objective:To assess the prognostic significance of plasma fibrinogen(FIB)levels in patients of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL).Methods:We retrospectively analyzed 203 newly diagnosed with DLBCL patients who met the study requirements from November 2016 to May 2024.Based on the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis of plasma FIB levels during diagnosis,the critical value of FIB was determined,and patients were divided into high FIB and low FIB groups.The clinical characteristics and relevant laboratory indicators of two groups were compared.The impact of plasma FIB levels on overall survival(OS)were evaluated using Kaplan-Meier curves as well as univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis.The differences in FIB and other laboratory indicators under different disease states were compared.Results:According to the ROC curve,the optimal cut-off value of FIB was 3.49 g/L.Compared with the high FIB group(＞3.49 g/L),the low FIB group(≤3.49 g/L)had a significant decrease in neutrophil count(ANC)(P=0.001)and platelet count(PLT)(P=0.027),and a significant increase in prealbumin(PA)(P=0.001).A high FIB level was associated with decreased OS(P=0.005).Univariate analysis results showed that FIB had an impact on survival of patients(HR=2.031,95％CI:1.221-3.375,P=0.006).Multivariate analysis showed that higher FIB level was an independent adverse prognostic factor affecting patients survival(HR=2.684,95％CI;1.478-4.875,P=0.001).Compared with patients with newly diagnosed or recurrent DLBCL,patients with complete remission showed a significant decrease in FIB(PND＜0.001,PR=0.001)and ANC(PND＜0.001,PR=0.021),as well as an increase in albumin(ALB)(PND＜0.001,PR=0.018)and PA(PND＜0.001,PR＜0.001).Conclusion:Elevated FIB is a poor prognostic factor for DLBCL patients.The plasma FIB level is correlated with laboratory indicators such as ANC,PLT,PA,and disease status in DLBCL patients.Dynamic monitoring can assist in the early detection of changes in the condition.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a novel intravascular lithotripsy(IVL)balloon—Vesscrack shockwave balloon—for vascular preparation before stent implantation in patients with severe coronary artery calcification(CAC).Methods This was a prospective,single-arm,multicenter study conducted in China from June 2022 to October 2022.Patients with severe CAC were treated with the Vesscrack shockwave balloon for lesion preparation,followed by drug-eluting stent(DES)implantation.Of these,33 patients underwent optical coherence tomography(OCT).The primary endpoint was procedural success,defined as successful stent implantation with residual stenosis≤30％and the absence of in-hospital major adverse events,including cardiac death,target vessel-related myocardial infarction,or target lesion revascularization.Results A total of 170 patients[mean age:(65.9±7.9)years,116 males]were enrolled.After treatment with IVL and DES,the minimum lumen diameter increased significantly compared to baseline[(2.34±0.40)mm vs.(0.95±0.33)mm,P＜0.001],the degree of stenosis was significantly reduced[(13.24±6.60)％vs.(65.18±10.59)％,P＜0.001].Procedural success was achieved in 100％of cases,and device success was 98.8％.The 30-day patient-related cardiovascular clinical composite endpoint(POCE)rate was 0.0,with no target lesion failure,no confirmed or potential thrombotic events were observed.The shockwave energy generator demonstrated excellent stability and ease of use.Among the 33 patients assessed with OCT,after IVL intervention,the maximum calcified area of the lumen[(3.51±1.51)mm2 vs.(2.85±1.80)mm2,P＜0.001],and the minimum lumen area within the target lesion[(3.08±1.04)mm2 vs.(2.02±0.75)mm2,P＜0.001],and after DES intervention,the luminal area of the largest calcified site[(6.59±1.64)mm2 vs.(2.85±1.80)mm2,P＜0.001]and the minimum luminal area within the target lesion[(6.19±1.45)mm2 vs.(2.02±0.75)mm2,P＜0.001]were significantly increased,and the differences were statistically significant.Conclusions The Vesscrack shockwave balloon is effective and safe for vascular preparation in patients with severe CAC prior to stent implantation.It achieves significant calcified plaque modification,high procedural success rates,and minimal complications.

Objective:To compare the therapeutic efficacy and safety of local anesthesia and spinal anesthesia for the patients with varicocele(VC)who underwent microsurgical varicocelectomy(MV).Methods:We retrospectively analyzed the data of VC patients who underwent MV treatment at the Andrology Department of the Affiliated Ruikang Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine from May 2020 to March 2023.Cases with complete clinical data and follow-up evaluation were selected and divided into a control group(spinal anesthesia)and an observation group(local anesthesia)according to different anesthesia methods.The surgical time(including anesthesia time),visual analogue scale(VAS)score for pain,hospital stay,treatment cost,sperm concentration,for-ward motile sperm rate,and normal sperm morphology rate after three months of surgery,as well as postoperative complications and re-currence rate were compared between the two groups.Results:A total of 107 eligible cases were included,with 56 cases in the con-trol group and 51 cases in the observation group.There was no significant difference in the VAS score for pain during and after four hours of surgery,as well as postoperative complications,and recurrence rate between the two groups(P＞0.05).There was an signif-icant increase in sperm concentration,forward motile sperm rate,and normal sperm morphology rate in both of two groups after three months of surgery(P＜0.05).However,there was no significant difference between the two groups three months after surgery(P＞0.05).The surgical time and hospital stay were shorter than those of the control group(P＜0.05).And the treatment cost in observa-tion group was lower than that of the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Both local anesthesia and lumbar anesthesia for MV treatment of VC have good efficacy and safety.However,patients treated with MV under local anesthesia for VC have obvious advanta-ges in terms of operation time(including anesthesia time),hospital stay,and treatment cost,which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinicopathological features and prognosis of urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma (UBUC) with incidental prostate cancer (IPCa). METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathological features of 65 cases of UBUC and 38 cases of UBUC + IPCa after radical cystoprostatectomy (RCP) from January 2017 to February 2020. We compared their expressions of the immunohistochemical markers androgen receptor (AR) and (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2,HER2) between the two groups of patients, and analyzed their clinicopathological characteristics by chi-square test and their survival rates using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. RESULTS: The detection rate of UBUC + IPCa was 16.5%, and that of clinically significant IPCa was 39.5%, with preoperative PSA≥4 μg/L in 23.7% of the patients. Compared with the patients with UBUC, most of the UBUC + IPCa cases had no smoking history (73.8% vs 92.1%, P = 0.024), and fewer had histological variants (43.1% vs 10.5%, P = 0.003). The incidence rate of vascular invasion was significantly higher in the UBUC than in the UBUC + IPCa group (49.2% vs 21.1%, P = 0.005), and so was the rate of advanced cases (67.7% vs 31.6%, P<0.001). In comparison with the patients of the UBUC group, those of the UBUC + IPCa group showed remarkably higher expressions of AR (9.2% vs 31.6%, P = 0.004) and HER2 (43.1% vs 71.1%, P = 0.006). The mean overall survival time was longer in the UBUC + IPCa than in the UBUC group (48.8 mo ［95% CI: 2.5－42.6 mo］ vs 39.9 mo ［95% CI: 2.8－34.5 mo］), but with no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.608). CONCLUSION Standardized sampling of prostate samples after RCP helps to improve the detection rate of IPCa. Preoperative level of PSA is not a good predictor of IPCa. Few patients with UBUC + IPCa have a history of cigarette smoking, and the predominant histological type of the malignancy is high-grade invasive urothelial carcinoma, which is not significantly different from UBUC in prognosis. The expressions of HER2 and AR are significantly higher in UBUC + IPCa than in UBUC, suggesting that UBUC + IPCa may benefit from HER2- and AR-targeted therapy.
Humans ; Male ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/metabolism* ; Receptors, Androgen/metabolism* ; Prostatic Neoplasms/metabolism* ; Retrospective Studies ; Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism* ; Prognosis ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Survival Rate ; Prostatectomy

Objective This study aimed to clarify the intervention effect of salidroside(SAL)on lung injury caused by PM2.5 in mice and illuminate the function of SIRT1-PGC-1ɑ axis. Methods Specific pathogen-free(SPF)grade male C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to the following groups:control group,SAL group,PM2.5 group,SAL+PM2.5 group.On the first day,SAL was given by gavage,and on the second day,PM2.5 suspension was given by intratracheal instillation.The whole experiment consist of a total of 10 cycles,lasting 20 days.At the end of treatment,blood samples and lung tissues were collected and analyzed.Observation of pathological changes in lung tissue using inverted microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.The expression of inflammatory,antioxidants,apoptosis,and SIRT1-PGC-1ɑ proteins were detected by Western blotting. Results Exposure to PM2.5 leads to obvious morphological and pathologica changes in the lung of mice.PM2.5 caused a decline in levels of antioxidant-related enzymes and protein expressions of HO-1,Nrf2,SOD2,SIRT1 and PGC-1ɑ,and an increase in the protein expressions of IL-6,IL-1β,Bax,caspase-9 and cleaved caspase-3.However,SAL reversed the aforementioned changes caused by PM2.5 by activating the SIRT1-PGC-1α pathway. Conclusion SAL can activate SIRT1-PGC-1ɑ to ameliorate PM2.5-induced lung injury.

ObjectiveAt present, the matching reagents of commercially available rapid DNA instruments based on microfluidics chip technology are autosome short tandem repeat (STR) individual identification reagents. The non-recombining part of the human Y chromosome is widely used in forensic DNA analysis, particularly in cases where standard autosomal DNA profile is uninformative. Y-STR loci are useful markers to identify males and male lineages in forensic practice. In order to achieve rapid and fully integrated detection ofY-STR loci, this study constructed the RTyper Y27 microfluidic chip rapid detection system and validated the performance of this system. MethodsThe system was verified and evaluated by sensitivity, success rate, typing accuracy, peak height balance, sizing precision and accuracy, mock case sample tests, mixture detection ability, and inhibition tolerance. ResultsComplete Y-STR profiles can be obtained when the template amount of DNA standard 9948 was ≥8 ng, the number of blood cards was ≥3 pieces, and the number of oral swab scrapings was≥7 times. The success rate of fully integrated detection was 91.52%, and the concordance rates was 99.74% for 165 testing samples. The success rate of 115 blood spots in these samples was 90.43%, with a typing accuracy of 99.65%, the success rate of 50 buccal swabs was 94%, with a typing accuracy of 99.92%. There was no significant difference in typing accuracy between blood spots and buccal swab samples. The peak height ratio between different fluorescence channels was 89.81%. The standard deviation of allelic ladder for 10 runs was within 0.5 bp. The size differences between allele and corresponding allele in allelic ladder was within 0.5 bp. The maximum precision CV values within and between batches were 0.48% and 0.68%, respectively, which were lower than 15%. These data indicate that the system has good accuracy and precision. The system was capable of accurately typing oral swabs, blood cards, saliva cards, cigarette butts, blood swabs and seminal stains. Complete Y-STR profiles can be obtained and distinguish at the 1∶3 ratio of minor and major contributors in artificial male DNA mixtures. Complete Y-STR genotyping can be obtained under the interference of inhibitors, such as different concentrations of humic acid (50-400 mg/L), indigotin (20-100 nmol/L) and hemoglobin (100-500 μmol/L). ConclusionIn this study, the RTyper Y27 microfluidic chip rapid amplification system is combined with the Quick TargSeq 1.0 integrated system, and the Y-STR profile can be obtained in approximately 2 h. Through a series of verification experiments, the results show that the system has good repeatability, accuracy and stability, can meet the on-site Y-STR detection requirements, and can be used in forensic practice.

Organoids are three-dimensional cell complexes formed by stem cells or tumor cells cultured and self-organized in vitro,which have higher simulation in morphology and function than the traditional two-dimensional cell drug screening model.However,the conventional organoid culture technology based on matrigel dome in culture dish or well plate has the problems of low throughput and time-consuming,which limits the application of high-throughput organoid drug screening.Therefore,a series of microfluidic high-throughput organoid culture and drug screening technologies have been developed.From the perspective of microfluidic technology,this paper reviews the current application of high-throughput organoid drug screening in three aspects:organoid culture,drug delivery and result detection.According to the different forms of organoid culture units,organoid culture techniques are divided into three categories:microfluidic droplets,microwells,and micropillars.According to the structure and working mode of drug delivery system,drug delivery system is divided into microchannel network and drug droplet array.According to the different forms of information obtained,high-throughput results detection methods can be divided into four categories:microplate reader,microscope,high-content imaging analyzer and chip sensor.Based on the above technologies,the application of typical organoid drug screening is introduced.Finally,the summary and prospect of organoid drug screening are presented.