Objective:To construct a simple score scale for donation-related vasovagal reaction(DRVR)based on Logistic regression model and evaluate its application value.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on 5000 blood donors from Zhangjiakou Central Blood Station from January 2018 to January 2023.The baseline data of the blood donors were collected.Logistic regression analysis was performed on them to construct a DRVR prediction model.A DRVR simple score scale was built based on the odds ratios.The score intervals were divided into low-risk,medium risk,and high-risk categories,the application value of the scale was evaluated based on the prediction efficacy of Logistic regression model.Results:The incidence of DRVR among the blood donors was 4.12％.The Logistic regression model identified eight independent risk factors for DRVR,including advanced age,female gender,low body mass index,first blood donation,hypotension,low hemoglobin level,long blood collection time,and high blood donation volume(all P＜0.05).A simple DRVR score scale was constructed based on the odds ratio values.The scale scores were divided into three intervals:low-risk(total score＜6),moderate risk(total score 6-11),and high-risk(total score＞11,≤17).The area under the curve(AUC)for predicting DRVR in low-risk,medium risk,and high-risk blood donors based on Logistic regression model were 0.784(95％CI:0.742-0.844),0.806(95％CI:0.752-0.883),and 0.842(95％CI:0.761-0.925),respectively.The consistency indices were 0.794(95％CI:0.705-0.828),0.800(95％CI:0.745-0.852),and 0.839(95％CI:0.782-0.917),respectively.The calibration curves did not deviate from the ideal fit.The results of external validation showed that the receiver operating characteristic curve fittings were relatively ideal(all P＞0.05),and there were no statistically significant difference in AUC(all P＞0.05).Conclusion:The DRVR simple score scale has a relatively ideal ability to distinguish the blood donors and can provide some reference for quickly narrowing the scope of high-risk groups.DRVR simple score scale has certain application value,but still needs to be continuously improved and optimized.

Objective To analyze the association between lifestyle and the risk of type 2 diabetes(T2D)among adult residents.Methods The data was sourced from the Shanghai Suburban Adult Cohort and Biobank.A total of 42 096 adult residents who had not developed T2D were recruited from four districts of Shanghai(Songjiang,Jiading,Minhang,and Xuhui)between 2016 and 2019.The follow-up ended on Feb 28,2023.A structured questionnaire was used to collect information on six lifestyle-related items,including smoking,alcohol consumption,BMI,waist circumference(WC),physical activity,and diet.The unhealthy lifestyle scores(UHLS)were calculated by counting the number of all the unhealthy lifestyle items,with a range of 0-6.New-onset T2D events diagnosed by physicians were obtained through the medical information system.Cox proportional hazards regression model and restricted cubic spline model were utilized to evaluate the association between unhealthy lifestyles and the risk of T2D incidence.Results About 28.1%of the participants led 4-6 unhealthy lifestyles.A total of 1 752 new T2D cases were identified during 218 513.4 person-years of follow-up.Analysis of single unhealthy lifestyle showed that abnormal WC(HR=1.5,95%CI:1.4-1.7)and abnormal BMI(HR=1.3,95%CI:1.2-1.5)were associated with an increased risk of T2D.Compared with individuals with a UHLS of 0-1,those with a UHLS of 3 and 4-6 had 30%(95%CI:1.1-1.6)and 50%(95%CI:1.2-1.8)higher risks of T2D,respectively.Each additional unhealthy lifestyle was associated with a 10%increase in T2D incidence risk(HR=1.1,95%CI:1.1-1.2).Conclusion The risk of T2D in adult residents increases with the cumulative number of unhealthy lifestyles.Adult residents with abnormal WC or BMI,or have three or more unhealthy lifestyles accumulated,will increase the risk of new-onset T2D.

The development status of the key technologies of first-aid robotics was introduced in autonomous system,embo-died intelligence,digital twins,large artificial intelligence model and autonomous unmanned medical treatment.The present situation in first-aid robotics equipment was reviewed for first-aid diagnosis,treatment,assistance and transportation.The development trends of the key technology and equipment of first-aid robotics were analyzed.It was pointed out the involve-ment of big model-based embodied intelligence technology and digital twins technology in first aid might provide new pers-pectives for the application and advancement of specialized first-aid robotics.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(3):96-114]

Objective To analyze the acupoint selection law of acupuncture and moxibustion for postherpetic neuralgia(PHN)with R language data mining technology.Methods The clinical research literature on acupuncture and moxibustion treatment of PHN included in CNKI,Wanfang Data,VIP and CBM from January 1,2010 to July 1,2023 was retrieved,and the database was established by Excel 2016.R language was used to statistically analyze the frequency of acupoint usage,meridians,locations,specific acupoints,etc.Through association rule analysis and clustering analysis,the characteristics and law of acupoint selection for acupuncture and moxibustion treatment of PHN were obtained.Results A total of 198 articles were included,including 83 acupoints,with a total frequency of 714 times.The high-frequency acupoints include Ashi acupoint,Jiaji acupoint and Yanglingquan.The commonly used meridians were gallbladder meridian,spleen meridian and large intestine meridiam.The acupoints were mostly in the upper and lower limbs,with the Wushu acupoints,Yuan acupoints and Xiahe acupoints being the most common.The core acupoint was Ashi acupoint,Jiaji acupoint,Hegu,Quchi,and 9 sets of association rules and 5 effective clusters were obtained.Conclusion The most commonly used acupoints for acupuncture and moxibustion treatment of PHN are Ashi acupoint,Jiaji acupoint,Hegu and Quchi,which mainly follow the principle of combining local acupoint selection with distal acupoint selection.

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of children with moyamoya disease and the influence of Chinese medicine identification and acupuncture treatment plan on their prognosis.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the diagnosis and treatment of children diagnosed with moyamoya disease who underwent surgery and were treated with acupuncture at Tianjin Children's Hospital on July 10,2023.The main acupuncture points were as follows:Points on head and face:shangxing,yintang,touwei,middle line of vertex,anterior oblique line of vertex-temporal(the upper 1/5 section),lateral line 1 of vertex,anterior temporal line,renzhong,shanglianquan,sibai,yingxiang,quanliao,xiaguan,and dicang;Points on upper extremities:jiquan,chize,neiguan(quick stabbing without leaving needles),jianyu,jianliao,quchi,waiguan,yangxi,houxi,hegu;Points on lower extremities:weizhong,weiyang(quick stabbing without leaving needles),biguan,xuehai,liangqiu,zusanli,qiuxu,sanyinjiao,and taichong),the needles were performed once a day,and continuous treatment for 5 days each week,and the general conditions of the children were observed after 2 weeks of treatment,and the Fugl-Meyer assessment(FMA),the Barthel index(BI),and the simple test for evaluating hand function(STEF)were used,to assess left upper limb motor function;neurophysiologic techniques were used to examine motor nerve conduction in the left limb.Results The child was an 8-year-old male admitted to the hospital on July 10,2023.①Complaint:unfavorable movement of the left limb for more than 1 month.②History:the child had an abnormal seizure during waking hours 2 years before admission,which lasted for about 1 minute and then resolved on its own,and he could recall the course of the seizure afterward.Attended at the department of neurology of our hospital and diagnosed with moyamoya disease after being discharged from the hospital,the child was found at home to have weakness of the left limbs,unable to lift the upper limbs and unable to walk on the lower limbs.Attended at the department of neurosurgery of a certain hospital and was diagnosed with acute cerebral infarction and underwent cranio-cerebral vascular anastomosis.After the operation,the child's left limb activity is unfavorable,the right limb has no motor disorder and sensory abnormality,speech expression is unclear,to further improve the motor function of the child's limbs,the patient was referred to the rehabilitation department of our hospital,the initial diagnosis of moyamoya disease disease recovery(left hemiplegia),according to the specific conditions of the adjustment of the acupuncture program,2 weeks after the treatment,the patient's facial lines were basically symmetrical,crying and laughing,the corner of the mouth does not droop.After 4 weeks of treatment,the child was able to walk on the ground independently,but hemiplegic gait,left lower limb muscle tone basically relieved,proximal muscle strength grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ,distal muscle strength grade Ⅱ-Ⅲ.After 6 weeks of treatment,the child's hemiplegic gait was improved,proximal muscle strength was grade Ⅳ,distal muscle strength was grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ,the left hand could hold objects for a few minutes,left thumb flexor strength was grade Ⅲ,dorsal extensor strength was grade Ⅱ,and the rest of the four fingers flexor and dorsal extensor strength was grade Ⅳ.The proximal muscle strength was grade Ⅴ and distal muscle strength was grade Ⅳ.The left wrist could move freely,the left interphalangeal joint could extend and hold objects,and the motor function of the left upper limb was basically established,and the condition was stabilized.FMA,BI and STEF scores all increased with the prolongation of the treatment time,and the latency and nerve conduction velocity of the median nerve,peroneal nerve and tibial nerve tended to normal after treatment.Conclusion The efficacy of traditional acupuncture in treating pediatric moyamoya disease after cerebral infarction surgery rehabilitation is remarkable,which can significantly improve the clinical symptoms of children recovering from moyamoya disease.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

The development status of the key technologies of first-aid robotics was introduced in autonomous system,embo-died intelligence,digital twins,large artificial intelligence model and autonomous unmanned medical treatment.The present situation in first-aid robotics equipment was reviewed for first-aid diagnosis,treatment,assistance and transportation.The development trends of the key technology and equipment of first-aid robotics were analyzed.It was pointed out the involve-ment of big model-based embodied intelligence technology and digital twins technology in first aid might provide new pers-pectives for the application and advancement of specialized first-aid robotics.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(3):96-114]

The circadian clock plays a critical role in regulating various physiological processes, including gene expression, metabolic regulation, immune response, and the sleep-wake cycle in living organisms. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are crucial regulatory mechanisms to maintain the precise oscillation of the circadian clock. By modulating the stability, activity, cell localization and protein-protein interactions of core clock proteins, PTMs enable these proteins to respond dynamically to environmental and intracellular changes, thereby sustaining the periodic oscillations of the circadian clock. Different types of PTMs exert their effects through distincting molecular mechanisms, collectively ensuring the proper function of the circadian system. This review systematically summarized several major types of PTMs, including phosphorylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, SUMOylation and oxidative modification, and overviewed their roles in regulating the core clock proteins and the associated pathways, with the goals of providing a theoretical foundation for the deeper understanding of clock mechanisms and the treatment of diseases associated with circadian disruption.
Protein Processing, Post-Translational/physiology* ; Circadian Rhythm/physiology* ; Humans ; Animals ; CLOCK Proteins/physiology* ; Circadian Clocks/physiology* ; Phosphorylation ; Acetylation ; Ubiquitination ; Sumoylation

This study aimed to characterize and identify the non-volatile components in aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the stems and leaves of Rhododendron tomentosum by using sensitive and efficient ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry(UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS) combined with a self-built information database. By comparing with reference compounds, analyzing fragment ion information, searching relevant literature, and using a self-built information database, 118 compounds were identified from the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of R. tomentosum, including 35 flavonoid glycosides, 15 phenolic glycosides, 12 flavonoids, 7 phenolic acids, 7 phenylethanol glycosides, 6 tannins, 6 phospholipids, 5 coumarins, 5 monoterpene glycosides, 6 triterpenes, 3 fatty acids, and 11 other types of compounds. Among them, 102 compounds were reported in R. tomentosum for the first time, and 36 compounds were identified by comparing them with reference compounds. The chemical components in the ethanolic and aqueous extracts of R. tomentosum leaves and stems showed slight differences, with 84 common chemical components accounting for 71.2% of the total 118 compounds. This study systematically characterized and identified the non-volatile chemical components in the ethanolic and aqueous extracts of R. tomentosum for the first time. The findings provide a reference for active ingredient research, quality control, and product development of R. tomentosum.
Rhododendron/chemistry* ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry* ; Mass Spectrometry/methods* ; Plant Leaves/chemistry*

OBJECTIVE: To reveal the molecular basis of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) with Yang deficiency and blood stasis syndrome by analyzing the gene expression profiles in synovial fluid and blood of KOA patients with this syndrome. METHODS: A total of 80 KOA patients were recruited from October 2022 to June 2024, including 40 cases in the non-Yang deficiency and blood stasis group (27 males and 13 females), with an average age of (61.75±3.45) years old;and 40 cases in the Yang deficiency and blood stasis group (22 males and 18 females), with an average age of (62.00±2.76) years old. The levels of body mass index (BMI), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), fibrinogen, total cholesterol, and D-dimer were recorded and summarized. Blood and synovial fluid samples from patients were collected for gene expression profile microarray sequencing, and then PCR and immunohistochemistry were used for clinical verification on the patients' synovial fluid and cartilage samples. RESULTS: Logistic regression analysis showed that compared with KOA patients with non-Yang deficiency and blood stasis syndrome, those with Yang deficiency and blood stasis syndrome had increased BMI, LDL, fibrinogen, total cholesterol, and D-dimer, and decreased HDL, with a clear correlation between the two groups. There were 562 differential genes in the blood, among which 322 were up-regulated and 240 were down-regulated;755 differential genes were found in the synovial fluid, with 350 up-regulated and 405 down-regulated. KEGG signaling pathway analysis of synovial fluid revealed changes in lipid metabolism-related pathways, including cholesterol metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, and PPARG signaling pathway. Analysis of the involved differential genes identified 6 genes in synovial fluid that were closely related to lipid metabolism, namely LRP1, LPL, ACOT6, TM6SF2, DGKK, and PPARG. Subsequently, PCR and immunohistochemical verification were performed using synovial fluid and cartilage samples, and the results were consistent with those of microarray sequencing. CONCLUSION This study explores the clinical and genomic correlation between traditional Chinese medicine syndromes and knee osteoarthritis from the perspective of lipid metabolism, and proves that abnormal lipid metabolism is closely related to KOA with Yang deficiency and blood stasis syndrome from both clinical and basic aspects.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Synovial Fluid/metabolism* ; Osteoarthritis, Knee/metabolism* ; Yang Deficiency/complications* ; Aged