ObjectiveTo establish the multi-technique characteristic profiles of Alumen by X-ray diffraction（XRD）， Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR） and thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis（TG-DTA）， and to explore the spectral characteristics for rapid identification of Alumen and its potential adulterant， Ammonium alum. MethodsA total of 27 batches of Alumen samples from 8 production regions were collected for preliminary identification based on visual characteristics. The PDF standard cards of XRD were used to differentiate Alumen from A. alum， and the XRD characteristic profiles of Alumen were established， and then the common peaks were screened. Based on hierarchical clustering analysis（HCA） and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis（OPLS-DA）， the characteristic information that could be used for identification of Alumen was selected with variable importance in the projection（VIP） value>1. FTIR characteristic profiles of Alumen were established， and key wavenumbers for identification were screened by HCA and OPLS-DA with VIP value>1. Meanwhile， the thermogravimetric differences between Alumen and A. alum were analyzed by TG-DTA， and the thermogravimetric traits that could be used for identification were screened. ResultsAlumen and A. alum could not be effectively distinguished by traits alone. However， by comparing the PDF standard cards of XRD， 15 batches of Alumen and 12 batches of A. alum could be distinguished. In the XRD profiles， 10 characteristic peaks were confirmed， corresponding to diffraction angles of 14.560°， 24.316°， 12.620°， 32.122°， 17.898°， 34.642°， 27.496°， 46.048°， 40.697° and 21.973°. In the FTIR profiles， 4 wavenumber ranges（399.193-403.050， 1 186.010-1 471.420， 1 801.190-2 620.790， 3 612.020-3 997.710 cm^-1） and 12 characteristic wavenumbers（1 428.994， 1 430.922， 1 432.851， 1 434.779， 1 436.708， 1 438.636， 1 440.565， 1 442.493， 1 444.422， 1 446.350， 1 448.279， 1 450.207 cm^-1） were identified. In the TG-DTA profiles， there were characteristic decomposition peaks of ammonium ion and mass reduction features near 555.34 ℃ for A. alum. These characteristics could serve as important criteria for distinguishing the authenticity of Alumen. ConclusionXRD， FTIR and TG-DTA can be used to rapidly detect Alumen and A. alum， and combined with the discriminant features selected through chemometrics， the rapid and accurate identification of Alumen and A. alum can be achieved. The research findings provide new approaches for the rapid identification of Alumen.

ObjectiveTo establish the multi-technique characteristic profiles of Alumen by X-ray diffraction（XRD）， Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR） and thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis（TG-DTA）， and to explore the spectral characteristics for rapid identification of Alumen and its potential adulterant， Ammonium alum. MethodsA total of 27 batches of Alumen samples from 8 production regions were collected for preliminary identification based on visual characteristics. The PDF standard cards of XRD were used to differentiate Alumen from A. alum， and the XRD characteristic profiles of Alumen were established， and then the common peaks were screened. Based on hierarchical clustering analysis（HCA） and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis（OPLS-DA）， the characteristic information that could be used for identification of Alumen was selected with variable importance in the projection（VIP） value>1. FTIR characteristic profiles of Alumen were established， and key wavenumbers for identification were screened by HCA and OPLS-DA with VIP value>1. Meanwhile， the thermogravimetric differences between Alumen and A. alum were analyzed by TG-DTA， and the thermogravimetric traits that could be used for identification were screened. ResultsAlumen and A. alum could not be effectively distinguished by traits alone. However， by comparing the PDF standard cards of XRD， 15 batches of Alumen and 12 batches of A. alum could be distinguished. In the XRD profiles， 10 characteristic peaks were confirmed， corresponding to diffraction angles of 14.560°， 24.316°， 12.620°， 32.122°， 17.898°， 34.642°， 27.496°， 46.048°， 40.697° and 21.973°. In the FTIR profiles， 4 wavenumber ranges（399.193-403.050， 1 186.010-1 471.420， 1 801.190-2 620.790， 3 612.020-3 997.710 cm^-1） and 12 characteristic wavenumbers（1 428.994， 1 430.922， 1 432.851， 1 434.779， 1 436.708， 1 438.636， 1 440.565， 1 442.493， 1 444.422， 1 446.350， 1 448.279， 1 450.207 cm^-1） were identified. In the TG-DTA profiles， there were characteristic decomposition peaks of ammonium ion and mass reduction features near 555.34 ℃ for A. alum. These characteristics could serve as important criteria for distinguishing the authenticity of Alumen. ConclusionXRD， FTIR and TG-DTA can be used to rapidly detect Alumen and A. alum， and combined with the discriminant features selected through chemometrics， the rapid and accurate identification of Alumen and A. alum can be achieved. The research findings provide new approaches for the rapid identification of Alumen.

Background::Limited information exists regarding the impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection on psoriasis patients. The objective of this study was to identify clinical factors associated with the prognosis of psoriasis following SARS-CoV-2 infection.Methods::A retrospective, multicenter study was conducted between March and May 2023. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were employed to identify factors associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related psoriasis outcomes. The study included 2371 psoriasis patients from 12 clinical centers, with 2049 of them having been infected with SARS-CoV-2.Results::Among the infected groups, lower exacerbation rates were observed in individuals treated with biologics compared to those receiving traditional systemic or nonsystemic treatments (22.3% [236/1058] vs. 39.8% [92/231] vs. 37.5% [140/373], P <0.001). Psoriasis progression with lesions (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 8.197, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 5.685–11.820, compared to no lesions), hypertension (adjusted OR = 1.582, 95% CI = 1.068–2.343), traditional systemic (adjusted OR = 1.887, 95% CI= 1.263–2.818), and nonsystemic treatment (adjusted OR= 1.602, 95% CI= 1.117–2.297) were found to be associated with exacerbation of psoriasis after SARS-CoV-2 infection, but not biologics (adjusted OR = 0.931, 95% CI = 0.680–1.274, compared to no treatment), according to multivariable logistic regression analysis. Conclusions::A reduced risk of psoriasis exacerbation after SARS-CoV-2 infection was observed with biologics compared to traditional systemic and nonsystemic treatments. Significant risk factors for exacerbation after infection were identified as existing psoriatic lesions and hypertension.

Background::Programmed death 1 (PD-1) blockade plus chemotherapy has become the new first-line standard of care for patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Yet not all NSCLC patients benefit from this regimen. This study aimed to investigate the predictors of PD-1 blockade plus chemotherapy in untreated advanced NSCLC.Methods::We integrated clinical, genomic, and survival data from 287 patients with untreated advanced NSCLC who were enrolled in one of five registered phase 3 trials and received PD-1 blockade plus chemotherapy or chemotherapy alone. We randomly assigned these patients into a discovery cohort ( n = 125), a validation cohort ( n = 82), and a control cohort ( n = 80). The candidate genes that could predict the response to PD-1 blockade plus chemotherapy were identified using data from the discovery cohort and their predictive values were then evaluated in the three cohorts. Immune deconvolution was conducted using transcriptome data of 1014 NSCLC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset. Results::A genomic variation signature, in which one or more of the 15 candidate genes were altered, was correlated with significantly inferior response rates and survival outcomes in patients treated with first-line PD-1 blockade plus chemotherapy in both discovery and validation cohorts. Its predictive value held in multivariate analyses when adjusted for baseline parameters, programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression level, and tumor mutation burden. Moreover, applying both the 15-gene panel and PD-L1 expression level produced better performance than either alone in predicting benefit from this treatment combination. Immune landscape analyses revealed that tumors with one or more variation in the 15-gene panel were associated with few immune infiltrates, indicating an immune-desert tumor microenvironment.Conclusion::These findings indicate that a 15-gene panel can serve as a negative prediction biomarker for first-line PD-1 blockade plus chemotherapy in patients with advanced NSCLC.

Background::Gastric cancer (GC), a malignant tumor with poor prognosis, is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide; consequently, identifying novel therapeutic targets is crucial for its corresponding treatment. NUF2, a component of the NDC80 kinetochore complex, promotes cancer progression in multiple malignancies. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the potential of NUF2 as a therapeutic target to inhibit GC progression. Methods::Clinical samples were obtained from patients who underwent radical resection of GC at Lanzhou University Second Hospital from 2016 to 2021. Cell count assays, colony formation assays, and cell-derived xenotransplantation (CDX) models were used to determine the effects of NUF2 on GC progression. Flow cytometry was used to detect the effect of NUF2 or quercetin on cell cycle progression and apoptosis. A live-cell time-lapse imaging assay was performed to determine the effect of NUF2 on the regulation of mitotic progression. Transcriptomics was used to investigate the NUF2-associated molecular mechanisms. Virtual docking and microscale thermophoresis were used to identify NUF2 inhibitors. Finally, CDX, organoid, and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models were used to examine the efficacy of the NUF2 inhibitor in GC. Results::NUF2 expression was significantly increased in GC and was negatively correlated with prognosis. The deletion of NUF2 suppressed GC progression both in vivo and in vitro. NUF2 significantly regulated the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, promoted G2/M phase transition, and inhibited apoptosis in GC cells. Additionally, quercetin was identified as a selective NUF2 inhibitor with low toxicity that significantly suppressed tumor growth in GC cells, organoids, CDX, and PDX models. Conclusions::Collectively, NUF2-mediated G2/M phase transition and apoptosis inhibition promoted GC progression; additionally, NUF2 inhibitors exhibited potent anti-GC activity. This study provides a new strategy for targeting NUF2 to suppress GC progression in clinical settings.

Aim To investigate the effect of total glu-cosides of paeony on inflammatory injury and TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway in autoimmune thyroiditis(AIT)rats.Methods The experiment was divided into control group,model group,total glucosides of pae-ony(TGP),TLR4 inhibitor group and TGP+TLR4 ag-onist group,with 10 animals in each group.Except for the control group,the rats in other groups were subcu-taneously injected with thyroglobulin and Freund's ad-juvant to induce the AIT rat model.After six weeks of administration,thyroid histopathological changes were observed using hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining;ser-um levels of TPOAb,TgAb,TSH,T3,T4,TNF-α,INF-γ,IL-1 β and IL-1 β were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA);TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway mRNAs and proteins expression in thyroid tis-sues were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot.Re-sults Compared with the control group,the thyroid follicular epithelium of rats was significantly damaged,and the serum levels of TPOAb,TgAb,TSH,T3,T4,TNF-α,INF-γ,IL-1 β and IL-1 β increased(P＜0.01).The expression of TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 path-way mRNAs and proteins increased in the model group(P＜0.01).Compared with the model group,the damage of thyroid follicular epithelium was alleviated,and the serum levels of TPOAb,TgAb,TSH,T3,T4,TNF-α,INF-γ,IL-1 β and IL-1 β were reduced(P＜0.01),the expression of TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 path-way mRNAs and proteins were down-regulated in the TGP group and TLR4 inhibitor group(P＜0.01).Compared with TGP group,the damage of thyroid follic-ular epithelium was aggravated,and the levels of serum TPOAb,TgAb,TSH,T3,T4,TNF-α,INF-γ,IL-1 β and IL-1 β were elevated(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),the pro-tein expressions of TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway mR-NAs and proteins were up-regulated in TGP+TLR4 ag-onist group(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Conclusions TGP may play a protective role in thyroid by inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway and improving the inflammatory injury of thyroid tissues.

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of attention bias to aggressive information under self-threat priming in college students with different types of high self-esteem.Methods:A total of 650 college students were selected,and high self-esteem participants were selected through the Self Esteem Scale(SES).Then,43 partic-ipants were selected from different types of high self-esteem(fragile and safe)groups through the Implicit Associa-tion Test(IAT).Each group participated in Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices(SPM)with different difficulty levels to complete self-threat priming,and then completed the spatial cue experiment.When the cue was invalid,the attention bias was obtained according to the variation of the reaction time difference(RTI)between the subjects're-sponses to aggressive words and neutral words.Results:The RTI values of the fragile high self-esteem group were higher under high self-threat priming than that of the secure high self-esteem group(P＜0.01).Under low self-threat priming,there was no significant difference in RTI values among different types of high self-esteem groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion:Fragile high self-esteem group are more likely to develop attention bias towards aggressive words under high self-threat priming than that of secure high self-esteem group.

Objective To form the expert consensus on the limb management of patients with transvenous temporary cardiac pacing,standardize the limb management of patients with transvenous temporary cardiac pacing,and reduce complications related to the limb.Methods Using evidence-based methods,the evidence in this field was searched,evaluated and summarized,and relevant recommendations and research conclusions were extracted and classified by the level of evidence quality,and then the first draft of the consensus was formed.From December 2023 to January 2024,through 2 rounds of expert consultation and 4 rounds of expert meetings,the content was adjusted and the consensus was reached.Results Totally 16 experts participated in the consultation.The positive coefficient is 100%;the authoritative coefficient is 0.847 and 0.836;the average value of each index is more than＞3.8;the coefficient of variation is less than 0.21.The Kendall's harmony coefficient of the 2 rounds of expert consultation is 0.372 and 0.314,respectively,which were statistically significant.The consensus covers the preoperative,intraoperative and postoperative on limb management of patients with transvenous temporary cardiac pacing.Totally 11 themes were involved,including the preoperative preparation,position and catheter fixation in operation,position and catheter fixation in postoperative,activity,turn and transfer,duty shift on limb,nursing care after withdrawal of the catheter,prevention of deep vein thrombosis of the operative limb and prevent infection.Conclusion The consensus is highly scientific,and it is helpful to standardize the limb management of patients with transvenous temporary cardiac pacing.

Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of programmed cell death triggered by the excessive accumulation of lipid peroxides on the cell membrane.Recent studies have found that ferroptosis can be induced by exposure of the testis tissue and germ cells to some high-risk factors,accompanied by various characteristic reproductive system injuries,including changes in cell morphology,ferroptosis-related physico-chemical indicators and gene expressions.This review focuses on the association of ferroptosis with male reproductive system diseases from three key aspects:iron metabolism abnormalities,Cystine/GSH/GPX4 axis imbalance,and lipid peroxidation.

Objective:To retrospectively analyze the treatment status of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) in newly diagnosed patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in China.Methods:Data of chronic phase (CP) and accelerated phase (AP) CML patients diagnosed from January 2006 to December 2022 from 77 centers, ≥18 years old, and receiving initial imatinib, nilotinib, dasatinib or flumatinib-therapy within 6 months after diagnosis in China with complete data were retrospectively interrogated. The choice of initial TKI, current TKI medications, treatment switch and reasons, treatment responses and outcomes as well as the variables associated with them were analyzed.Results:6 893 patients in CP ( n=6 453, 93.6%) or AP ( n=440, 6.4%) receiving initial imatinib ( n=4 906, 71.2%), nilotinib ( n=1 157, 16.8%), dasatinib ( n=298, 4.3%) or flumatinib ( n=532, 7.2%) -therapy. With the median follow-up of 43 ( IQR 22-75) months, 1 581 (22.9%) patients switched TKI due to resistance ( n=1 055, 15.3%), intolerance ( n=248, 3.6%), pursuit of better efficacy ( n=168, 2.4%), economic or other reasons ( n=110, 1.6%). The frequency of switching TKI in AP patients was significantly-higher than that in CP patients (44.1% vs 21.5%, P<0.001), and more AP patients switched TKI due to resistance than CP patients (75.3% vs 66.1%, P=0.011). Multi-variable analyses showed that male, lower HGB concentration and ELTS intermediate/high-risk cohort were associated with lower cytogenetic and molecular responses rate and poor outcomes in CP patients; higher WBC count and initial the second-generation TKI treatment, the higher response rates; Ph + ACA at diagnosis, poor PFS. However, Sokal intermediate/high-risk cohort was only significantly-associated with lower CCyR and MMR rates and the poor PFS. Lower HGB concentration and larger spleen size were significantly-associated with the lower cytogenetic and molecular response rates in AP patients; initial the second-generation TKI treatment, the higher treatment response rates; lower PLT count, higher blasts and Ph + ACA, poorer TFS; Ph + ACA, poorer OS. Conclusion:At present, the vast majority of newly-diagnosed CML-CP or AP patients could benefit from TKI treatment in the long term with the good treatment responses and survival outcomes.