Driven by the widespread adoption of minimally invasive thoracic surgical techniques and the deepening integration of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols, evidence-based perioperative airway management has emerged as a pivotal determinant of surgical safety, pulmonary functional recovery, and long-term prognosis. Currently, substantial regional disparities in thoracic surgical expertise persist across China, manifesting as heterogeneity in preoperative assessment standardization, inconsistent airway preparation strategies, divergent approaches to complication prevention, and limited penetration of advanced anesthetic technologies. To promote the standardization of clinical practices in this domain among hospitals at all levels, a multidisciplinary expert consortium has initiated the development of the Chinese Guidelines for Perioperative Airway Management in Thoracic Surgery (2026 edition). This protocol systematically delineates the methodological framework and structural blueprint underpinning the guideline’s formulation. Compared to the 2020 edition, the updated guideline places specific emphasis on refining stratified criteria for preoperative cardiopulmonary reserve assessment, establishing standardized management pathways for non-intubated spontaneous-ventilation techniques, formulating individualized multimodal perioperative pulmonary rehabilitation regimens, and defining precise intervention workflows for persistent postoperative cough. Collectively, these measures aim to further reduce the baseline incidence of perioperative pulmonary complications and to provide robust support for the clinical translation of enhanced recovery principles within the field of thoracic surgery.

Although video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) offers clear advantages, including minimal trauma and rapid recovery, stable intraoperative visualization still depends heavily on the camera assistant. Traditional manual endoscope holding is therefore susceptible to several limitations, including image instability, assistant fatigue, and poor coordination with the primary surgeon. Operating in complex and confined anatomical spaces with a rigid thoracoscope further increases the demands on hand-eye coordination. Thoracoscopic camera-holding technology has progressively evolved from passive support systems to active camera holders and robot-assisted thoracic surgery (RATS) platforms, and is now advancing toward artificial intelligence-driven tracking and intelligent control. Based on this, a series of devices, including multifunctional intelligent assistant arms and active camera-holding arms for thoracic surgery, have been developed and have attracted increasing attention. This article reviews the development of intelligent camera-holding assistant arms and discusses related advances and future directions in the field.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)is a malignant lesion originating from the oral mucosal squamous epithelium,account-ing for over 80％of oral and maxillofacial malignancies.Key etiological factors include tobacco,alcohol abuse,and betel quid chewing.In China,its incidence has shown an overall upward trend,posing a significant threat to public health.OSCC exhibits high local invasive-ness,making early diagnosis critical for improving prognosis.Its clinical management requires close multidisciplinary collaboration among oral and maxillofacial surgery,head and neck surgery,radiation oncology,medical oncology,reconstructive surgery,radiology,patholo-gy,and nutritional support teams.Given the increasing disease burden of OSCC and rapid development of multidisciplinary collaborative models,an expert panel has formulated this integrated management consensus based on evidence-based medicine and extensive deliber-ation.Centered on the'Prevention-Screening-Diagnosis-Treatment-Rehabilitation'framework,the consensus provides comprehensive guidance for the entire disease course of OSCC patients,aiming to standardize clinical practice.

Targeted covalent inhibitors, primarily targeting cysteine residues, have attracted great attention as potential drug candidates due to good potency and prolonged duration of action. However, their discovery is challenging. In this research, a database-assisted liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) strategy was developed to quickly discover potential cysteine-targeting compounds. First, compounds with potential reactive groups were selected and incubated with N-acetyl-cysteine in microsomes. And the precursor ions of possible cysteine-adducts were predicted based on covalent binding mechanisms to establish in-house database. Second, substrate-independent product ions produced from N-acetyl-cysteine moiety were selected. Third, multiple reaction monitoring scan was conducted to achieve sensitive screening for cysteine-targeting compounds. This strategy showed broad applicability, and covalent compounds with diverse structures were screened out, offering structural resources for covalent inhibitors development. Moreover, the screened compounds, norketamine and hydroxynorketamine, could modify synaptic transmission-related proteins in vivo, indicating their potential as covalent inhibitors. This experimental-based screening strategy provides a quick and reliable guidance for the design and discovery of covalent inhibitors.

Functional dyspepsia (FD), characterized by persistent or recurrent dyspeptic symptoms without identifiable organic, systemic or metabolic causes, is an increasingly recognized global health issue. The objective of this guideline is to equip clinicians and nursing professionals with evidence-based strategies for the management and treatment of adult patients with FD using traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The Guideline Development Group consulted existing TCM consensus documents on FD and convened a panel of 35 clinicians to generate initial clinical queries. To address these queries, a systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP Database, China Biology Medicine (SinoMed) Database, Wanfang Database, Traditional Medicine Research Data Expanded (TMRDE), and the Traditional Chinese Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System (TCMLARS). The evidence from the literature was critically appraised using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. The strength of the recommendations was ascertained through a consensus-building process involving TCM and allopathic medicine experts, methodologists, pharmacologists, nursing specialists, and health economists, leveraging their collective expertise and empirical knowledge. The guideline comprises a total of 43 evidence-informed recommendations that span a range of clinical aspects, including the pathogenesis according to TCM, diagnostic approaches, therapeutic interventions, efficacy assessments, and prognostic considerations. Please cite this article as: Zhang SS, Zhao LQ, Hou XH, Bian ZX, Zheng JH, Tian HH, Yang GH, Hong WS, He YY, Liu L, Shen H, Li YP, Xie S, Shu J, Zeng BF, Li JX, Liu Z, Xiao ZH, Xiao JD, Zheng PY, Huang SG, Chen SL, Fei GJ. International clinical practice guideline on the use of traditional Chinese medicine for functional dyspepsia (2025). J Integr Med. 2025; 23(5):502-518.
Dyspepsia/drug therapy* ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional/methods* ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use*

Objective We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Shengxuebao Mixture in the treatment of cancer-related anemia(CRA)presenting with syndrome of deficiency of liver and kidney combined with syndrome of deficiency of both qi and blood.Methods A randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled,multicenter clinical trial was conducted.Eligible patients with malignant tumors meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled from 26 hospitals,including Dongzhimen Hospital,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Xiaogan Central Hospital,and Yangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,from June 1,2022,to September 30,2024.Patients were allocated 1:1 to either the experimental group receiving Shengxuebao Mixture or the control group receiving its simulator(placebo)using a block randomization method under double-blind conditions.Both groups received 15 mL orally three times daily for 28 consecutive days.The primary efficacy indicators included the hemoglobin(Hb)improvement rate(RHb)and the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome improvement rate(RTCM)at week 4 of treatment.The secondary efficacy indicators encompassed Hb and red blood cell(RBC)count,Karnofsky Performance Status(KPS)score,TCM syndrome score,individual TCM symptom scores,and changes in each of these indicators compared to the baseline period at weeks 2,4,and 6 of treatment.Safety evaluations were conducted at week 4 of treatment.Results A total of 239 patients were enrolled,with 225 cases included in the Full Analysis Set(FAS)(109 in the experimental group vs.116 control group),163 in the Per Protocol Set(PPS)(77 vs.86),and 225 in the Safety Set(SS)(109 vs.116).Baseline characteristics between groups showed no significant differences.Significant differences were observed between the experimental and control groups in RHb at week 4(FAS:49.51%vs.35.24%,P<0.05;PPS:53.25%vs.36.05%,P<0.05)and RTCM at week 4(FAS:61.54%vs.39.62%,P<0.01;PPS:64.94%vs.40.70%,P<0.01).At weeks 2,4,and 6,the experimental group showed greater improvements in Hb and RBC counts than the control group.Additionally,the TCM syndrome scores were lower in the experimental group than in the control group at these time points.Except for week 2 in PPS,the KPS improvement was better in the experimental group than in the control group(P<0.05).The experimental group also demonstrated a greater reduction in scores for individual TCM symptoms such as spiritlessness and weakness,poor appetite and reduced food intake at weeks 4 and 6 compared to the control group(P<0.05,P<0.01).Furthermore,the reduction in vertigo score was more pronounced in the experimental group at week 6(P<0.01).For the score of pale and lusterless complexion,only in the PPS was the reduction from baseline more significant in the experimental group than in the control group at weeks 4 and 6(P<0.05).No significant differences were observed between the experimental and control groups in the incidence of all adverse events or drug-related adverse reactions.Conclusion Shengxuebao Mixture demonstrates significant efficacy in patients with CRA presenting syndrome of deficiency of liver and kidney combined with syndrome of deficiency of both qi and blood,effectively increasing Hb levels,ameliorating TCM syndromes,alleviating clinical symptoms,and enhancing functional status,with no significant difference in adverse drug reactions compared to the placebo.

Objective:To explore the application value of the double-low technique of auto-prescription technique combined with iterative reconstruction algorithm in CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA).Methods:A total of 86 patients who were clinically suspected of having pulmonary embolism and underwent CTPA examination in the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University were prospectively collected and randomly assigned to a control group ( n = 45) and an observation group ( n = 41) according to the random number table method. In the control group, a tube voltage of 120 kVp was used with a standard iodine contrast agent dose of 60 ml, and images were reconstructed using the 40% adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction algorithm (ASIR-V). In the observation group, the tube voltage was set by auto-prescription technique, and 0.4 ml/kg of personalized low iodine contrast agent was used. Images were reconstructed with 40%, 60%, and 80% ASIR-V, respectively, and designated as observation 1, observation 2, and observation 3 respectively. The volume CT dose index (CTDI vol), dose-length product (DLP), and effective dose ( E) were recorded and compared among the four groups. The CT values and standard deviation (SD) of the main pulmonary artery, left and right pulmonary arteries, as well as the left and right pulmonary lobe arteries were measured, and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of these arteries were calculated. Additionally, the SD value at the contrast medium concentration in the superior vena cava was measured, and the artifact index (AI) was subsequently calculated. Two observers independently assessed the visibility of the pulmonary arteries, image noise, and sclerosis artifacts in the superior vena cava using a blinded method. Results:The E in the observation group was 3.28 (2.08, 3.93) mSv, which was significantly lower than that in the control group [5.03 (4.86, 5.20)] mSv, and the difference was statistically significant ( Z = 174.00, P < 0.05). The contrast agent dosage in the observation group was 28 (25, 30) ml, which was lower than that in the control group (60 ml), and the difference was statistically significant ( Z = 0, P < 0.05). The CT values for the main pulmonary artery and the left and right pulmonary lobe arteries in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, and the differences were all statistically significant ( t = -3.65 to -3.89, P < 0.05). The SNR and CNR of the observation groups 2 and 3 were greater than those of the control group ( t = -9.20 to -2.98, P < 0.05). The consistency of subjective evaluations between the two observers was good ( Kappa = 0.729 - 0.879, P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the subjective score of pulmonary artery visibility between the control and observation group ( P > 0.05). The subjective scores for image noise in observation group 2 and group 3 were higher than those in the control group ( U =598.50, 654.00, P < 0.05). The presence of artifacts due to sclerosis in the superior vena cava was significantly lower in the observation group compared to the control group ( χ2 = 46.09, P < 0.001). Conclusions:The combination of auto-prescription technique with ASIR-V reconstruction algorithm and low contrast agent imaging protocol can reduce the radiation dose and contrast agent dose without compromising image quality, and enable personalized double low CTPA imaging.

Objective To explore the application value of Auto-prescription combined with low-dose contrast and adaptive statisti-cal iterative reconstruction-Veo(ASIR-V)algorithm in the computed tomography angiography(CTA)of thoracodorsal artery(TDA).Methods A total of 100 patients who underwent TDA CTA examination were prospectively selected.A tube voltage of 120 kVp and contrast agent of 1.5 mL/kg were used for group A(50 cases),and images were reconstructed with 40％ post-set ASIR-V.The Auto-prescription for tube voltage and contrast agent of 1.2 mL/kg were used for group B(50 cases),while images were reconstruc-ted with 40％,60％,and 80％ post-set ASIR-V,labeled as subgroups B1 to B3.The objective and subjective evaluation results of the images were compared between and within groups.Results Group A had an effective dose(ED)of 2.98(2.65,4.03)mSv,while group B had an ED of 1.92(1.44,3.33)mSv.The iodine intake in group B was lower than that in group A,and the CT value of the axillary artery in group B was significantly higher than that in group A(P＜0.001).With the increased of ASIR-V level in group B,the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)and contrast-to-noise ratio(CNR)of the images gradually increased(P＜0.05).In terms of subjec-tive scores on axial images,both subgroups B2 and B3 were superior to group A(P＜0.001);with the increased of ASIR-V level in group B,subjective scores of axial images increased first and then decreased,among which subjective score of subgroup B2 was the highest and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.001).In terms of subjective scores on three-dimensional image quality,subgroups B1 to B3 were superior to group A(P＜0.001).Conclusion The use of Auto-prescription combined with low-dose con-trast and 60％ ASIR-V can significantly optimize the display of TDA,and reduce the radiation dose and contrast agent dose to a certain extent.

Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma(OPSCC)is a malignant tumor originating from the squamous epithelium of the oro-pharyngeal mucosa,accounting for more than 90％of oropharyngeal malignancies.In recent years,human papillomavirus(HPV)infec-tion has become one of the primary etiological factors of oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma.The incidence of HPV-associated oropharyn-geal squamous carcinoma has been rising annually,with a noticeable trend toward younger populations,posing a significant threat to hu-man health.Due to the distinct biological behavior and clinical characteristics of HPV-associated oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma com-pared to its non-HPV-related counterpart,the diagnostic and treatment strategies for oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma have undergone substantial changes.Prevention and screening for oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma are of critical importance.The diagnostic and treat-ment process involves multi-disciplinary collaboration,including oral and maxillofacial surgery,otolaryngology,head and neck surgery,oncology,radiology and pathology.Based on evidence from clinical practice,a comprehensive,integrated diagnostic and therapeutic ap-proach has been established,centered around the concept of"prevention,screening,diagnosis,treatment,and rehabilitation",covering the entire patient lifecycle and providing a valuable reference for clinical practice.

Peritoneal metastasis of colorectal cancer is the second most common metastatic pattern after liver metastasis, clinically common and associated with a poor prognosis. Refractory subtypes such as mucinous adenocarcinoma, signet-ring cell carcinoma, and BRAF V600E-mutated colorectal cancers account for a relatively high proportion in peritoneal metastasis. While previous diagnosis and treatment faced significant challenges, recent advances in new technologies and evolving therapeutic concepts have achieved progress in management. Many patients with colorectal cancer peritoneal metastasis have obtained favorable treatment outcomes, though numerous challenges persist. This article provides an in-depth analysis of current status and advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer peritoneal metastasis, examines existing clinical difficulties and unresolved issues, and explores the application of advanced technologies in clinical practice. Through promoting individualized, precise, and standardized treatment concepts, we aim to enhance survival benefits for more patients.