Dry eye disease(DED)is a common ocular surface disorder worldwide, primarily characterized by a loss of homeostasis of the tear film, and frequently associated with meibomian gland dysfunction(MGD), decreased tear film stability, ocular discomfort, and visual impairment. In recent years, factors such as the widespread use of digital devices,the aging population, and environmental changes have contributed to a significant increase in its global prevalence, making it a major public health concern. Red light therapy(RLT), also known as low-level laser therapy(LLLT)or photobiomodulation(PBM), is a non-invasive treatment that utilizes low-energy red or near-infrared light to irradiate tissues. It exerts photobiomodulatory effects to promote cellular repair and functional recovery. This therapy has demonstrated considerable potential in treating various ocular conditions. Its broader clinical application could improve therapeutic outcomes, alleviate patient discomfort and financial burden, and reduce the consumption of healthcare resources, thereby yielding significant socio-economic benefits. This paper systematically reviews the multifaceted mechanisms and application prospects of RLT in managing DED, including its anti-inflammatory effects, improvement of meibomian gland function, promotion of conjunctival goblet cell repair, and alleviation of visual fatigue, aiming to provide a theoretical foundation and practical reference for its clinical adoption.

ObjectiveTo meet the requirements of Good Laboratory Practice (GLP), Sichuan Institute for Drug Control (Sichuan Testing Center of Medical Devices, Sichuan Institute of Musk Deer Breeding) Safety Evaluation Center (hereinafter referred to as the center) conducts a targeted validation study to address the lack of supporting data for the specified validity periods of disinfectants, feed, and bedding during their use in laboratory animal facilities. The study summarizes practical experience in material management and provides a scientific basis for the standardized management of materials in the facility. MethodsUnder the routine operating conditions of the laboratory animal facility at the center, the disinfection efficacy of four commonly used disinfectants was confirmed using the quantitative suspension kill test, with the disinfectants tested on day 0, day 7, and at 1, 2, and 3 months after preparation and after opening; for laboratory animal feed, nutritional components, chemical contaminants, and microbial indicators were tested 7 days after opening; microbial indicators of laboratory animal corncob bedding were tested after storage for 7 days following opening and sterilization. ResultsUnder the GLP management system of our center, the disinfection efficacy log reduction values of prepared 0.04% sodium hypochlorite solution, 0.1% didecyldimethylammonium bromide solution, and 0.2% benzalkonium bromide solution were all ≥5 on days 0 and 7. The log reduction values of opened 75% ethanol were ≥5 on days 0 and 7 and at 1, 2, and 3 months after opening. All disinfectants were therefore qualified and effective. Compared with the factory inspection data, the nutritional components, chemical contaminants, and microbial indicators of SPF-grade rat and mouse maintenance feed, SPF-grade guinea pig growth and reproduction feed, conventional-grade guinea pig growth and reproduction feed, rabbit maintenance feed, and dog maintenance feed showed a slight overall downward trend but no significant differences 7 days after opening. The microbial indicators of specialized corncob bedding for SPF-grade laboratory animals stored for 7 days after opening and conventional-grade corncob bedding stored for 7 days after sterilization showed no significant fluctuations. All indicators still met the relevant requirements of GB/T 14924.2—2001 Laboratory Animals—Hygienic Standard for Formula Feeds and GB 14924.3—2010 Laboratory Animals—Nutrients for Formula Feeds. ConclusionBased on practical experience in managing the center's GLP laboratory animal facility and validation of core quality indicators, the specified validity periods of disinfectants, feed, and bedding meet the quality requirements, providing a practical reference for the standardized management of laboratory animal facilities.

ObjectiveTo quantitatively analyze and evaluate the content of China's assistive technology industry policies. MethodsBased on the three-dimensional framework of policy "objectives-instruments-intensity", this study examined 101 national-level assistive technology industry policies issued between 2011 and 2024. Policy text analysis was conducted to assess the matching and coordination among policy objectives, policy instruments and policy intensity. Furthermore, the policy modeling consistency (PMC) index model was applied to establish an evaluation system consisting of nine primary indicators and 35 secondary indicators, and six key policies were quantitatively evaluated. ResultsThe policy objectives mainly focused on optimizing the industrial development structure, also emphasized supportive environments for industrial development and the enhancement of innovation capacity. Policy instruments were dominated by supply-oriented and environment-oriented instruments, supplemented by demand-oriented instruments, aiming to strengthen technological foundations and competitiveness, promote standardized development, and facilitate industrial development and upgrading. Regarding the matching between policy objectives and instruments, multiple instruments were adopted to support different objectives, with different priorities. In terms of the matching between policy objectives and policy intensity, policies mainly emphasized improving the accessibility of assistive technology products and meeting the rehabilitation needs of different populations. Regarding the matching between policy instruments and policy intensity, supply-oriented instruments were more frequently adopted and showed higher policy intensity, indicating strong governmental efforts to optimize production factor allocation and enhance the capacity of market entities. The average PMC index score was 6.45, indicating relatively high policy quality, strong internal consistency, stable policy orientation, and clear objectives. The PMC scores for policy evaluation and policy instrument dimensions were relatively high, while some policies showed relatively narrow objectives. ConclusionChina's assistive technology industry policies demonstrate relatively high quality. Future policy development should further strengthen industrial innovation capacity, optimize the structure of policy instruments, and improve the alignment between policy objectives and instruments.

ObjectiveBased on transcriptomics， to explore the mechanism of Hei Xiaoyaosan regulating the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B （PI3K/Akt） signaling pathway to improve the learning and memory ability of insomnia rats with liver depression syndrome. MethodsSixty 8-week-old male SD rats were randomly divided into the blank group， model group， eszopiclone group （0.09 mg·kg^-1）， and low， medium， and high dose groups of Hei Xiaoyaosan （3.82， 7.65， 15.30 g·kg^-1）， with ten rats in each group. Except for the blank group， the other groups were induced insomnia rat model with liver depression by chronic restraint， tail clamping stimulation and intraperitoneal injection of p-chlorophenylalanine （PCPA）. Each treatment group received intragastric administration according to the specified dosage， once a day for 14 consecutive days. The pentobarbital sodium cooperative sleep test， open field test， and Morris water maze test were used to test the sleep quality， depressive-like behavior， and learning and memory abilities of rats. Additionally， enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to detect the contents of 5-hydroxytryptamine （5-HT）， γ-aminobutyric acid （GABA）， brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF）， glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor （GDNF） and nitric oxide （NO） in hippocampus. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was performed to observe pathological changes of the hippocampal tissue， while terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase deoxyuridine triphosphate （dUTP） nick end labeling （TUNEL） was used to evaluate apoptosis of hippocampal neurons. Transcriptomic sequencing technology was employed to identify differentially expressed genes in hippocampus between the model group and the blank group， as well as between the medium-dose group of Hei Xiaoyaosan and the model group. Gene Ontology （GO） and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） enrichment analysis were performed on the intersecting genes. Subsequently， the enriched key genes and signaling pathways were analyzed and verified. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was utilized to assess the mRNA expression levels of phosphatase and tensin homolog （PTEN）， B-cell lymphoma-2 （Bcl-2）-like protein 11 （BCL2L11）， and mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 （MAPK1） in hippocampus， and Western blot was employed to evaluate the protein expressions of PI3K， phosphorylation （p）-PI3K， Akt， p-Akt， Bcl-2， Bcl-2-associated X protein （Bax）， and cleaved Caspase-3 in the same tissue. ResultsCompared with the blank group， the model group exhibited a reduction in body weight， an increase in sleep latency， and a decrease in sleep duration （P<0.01）. Additionally， rats showed obvious depression-like behavior， and their learning and memory abilities decreased. Furthermore， the contents of 5-HT， GABA， NO， BDNF and GDNF in hippocampus decreased （P<0.01）. Histological examination revealed a disorganized cell arrangement in the CA1 region of the hippocampus， characterized by irregular cell shapes， a reduced cell count， deeply stained and pyknotic nuclei， increased vacuolar degeneration， and an elevated apoptosis rate （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the body weight of the high and medium dose groups of Hei Xiaoyaosan increased， the sleep latency shortened and the sleep time prolonged （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Additionally， depression-like behavior and learning and memory abilities of rats were significantly improved， the levels of 5-HT， GABA， NO， BDNF and GDNF in the hippocampus increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. These interventions also ameliorated pathological damage in the hippocampal CA1 area and reduced the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons （P<0.01）. Transcriptomic sequencing results indicated that Hei Xiaoyaosan might exert a therapeutic effect by regulating PI3K/Akt pathway through key mRNAs such as PTEN， BCL2L11， and MAPK1. The roles of these key mRNAs and proteins within PI3K/Akt pathway were further validated. In comparison to the blank group， the expression levels of PTEN， BCL2L11 and MAPK1 mRNA in the hippocampus of rats in the model group were increased （P<0.01）， while the protein expression levels of p-PI3K， p-Akt and Bcl-2 were decreased （P<0.01）， and the protein expression levels of PTEN， Bax and cleaved Caspase-3 were increased （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the high-dose and medium-dose groups of Hei Xiaoyaosan could down-regulate the expressions of PTEN， BCL2L11 and MAPK1 mRNAs （P<0.01）， up-regulate the expressions of p-PI3K， p-Akt and Bcl-2 proteins （P<0.01）， and down-regulate the protein expressions of PTEN， Bax and cleaved Caspase-3 （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionHei Xiaoyaosan may regulate PI3K/Akt signaling pathway by down-regulating expressions of key genes such as PTEN， BCL2L11 and MAPK1， and thus improve the learning and memory abilities of insomnia rats with liver depression syndrome.

Objective To discuss the correlation between noninvasive hemodynamic parameters and major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE)in patients with acute anterior wall myocardial infarction after receiving percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods A total of 132 patients with acute anterior wall myocardial infarction,who received PCI at the Affiliated People's Hospital of Shandong First Medical University of China between October 2021 and February 2024,were collected.At 24 h and 7 d after surgery,the hemodynamic parameters,including mean arterial pressure(MAP),cardiac index(CI),cardiac output(CO),stroke volume(SV),peripheral vascular resistance index(SVRI),were recorded.Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between Killip grade of cardiac function and hemodynamic parameters.According to the presence or absence of MACE within 6 months after PCI,the patients were divided into MACE group and non-MACE group.The predictive value of hemodynamic parameters for MACE was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves.Results The postoperative 7-day levels of CO,CI and SV were higher than their postoperative one-day levels,while the postoperative 7-day level of SVRI was lower than its postoperative one-day level(P＜0.05).Of the 132 patients,Killip classification of grade Ⅰ was seen in 39,grade Ⅱ in 62,grade Ⅲin 23 and grade Ⅳ in 8.The postoperative 7-day levels of CO,CI and SV in the patients with Killip gradeⅢ-Ⅳ were lower than those in the patients with Killip grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ,while the level of SVRI in the patients with Killip grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ was higher than that in the patients with Killip grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ(P＜0.05).The results of Spearman correlation analysis showed that Killip grade of cardiac function was negatively correlated with the postoperative 7-day levels of CO,CI and SV,while positively correlated with the postoperative 7-day level of SVRI after PCI(r=-0.518,r=-0.480,r=-0.416 and r=0.493 respectively,all P＜0.05).Six months after PCI,34 patients developed MACE.The levels of CO,CI and SV in MACE group were lower than those in the non-MACE group,while the level of SVRI in MACE group was higher than that in the non-MACE group(P＜0.05).The area under the ROC curve(AUC)of MAP,CO,CI,SV,SVRI and combination of the five indicators for predicting MACE was 0.620,0.687,0.676,0.649,0.710 and 0.860 respectively,and the AUC value of the combination of the five indicators was the greatest one.Conclusion In patients with acute anterior wall myocardial infarction after receiving PCI,the changes in the levels of MAP,CO,CI,SV and SVRI can reflect cardiac function level to a certain extent and can predict the occurrence of MACE events in the short term.

Osteoporosis is a prevalent skeletal condition characterized by reduced bone mass and strength, leading to increased fragility. Buqi-Tongluo (BQTL) decoction, a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription, has yet to be fully evaluated for its potential in treating bone diseases such as osteoporosis. To investigate the mechanism by which BQTL decoction inhibits osteoclast differentiation in vitro and validate these findings through in vivo experiments. We employed MTS assays to assess the potential proliferative or toxic effects of BQTL on bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) at various concentrations. TRAcP experiments were conducted to examine BQTL's impact on osteoclast differentiation. RT-PCR and Western blot analyses were utilized to evaluate the relative expression levels of osteoclast-specific genes and proteins under BQTL stimulation. Finally, in vivo experiments were performed using an osteoporosis model to further validate the in vitro findings. This study revealed that BQTL suppressed receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast resorption activity in vitro in a dose-dependent manner without observable cytotoxicity. The inhibitory effects of BQTL on osteoclast formation and function were attributed to the downregulation of NFATc1 and c-fos activity, primarily through attenuation of the MAPK, NF-κB, and Calcineurin signaling pathways. BQTL's inhibitory capacity was further examined in vivo using an ovariectomized (OVX) rat model, demonstrating a strong protective effect against bone loss. BQTL may serve as an effective therapeutic TCM for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis and the alleviation of bone loss induced by estrogen deficiency and related conditions.
Animals ; NFATC Transcription Factors/genetics* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology* ; Ovariectomy ; Osteoclasts/metabolism* ; Female ; Osteogenesis/drug effects* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rats ; NF-kappa B/genetics* ; Osteoporosis/genetics* ; Signal Transduction/drug effects* ; Bone Resorption/genetics* ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects* ; Humans ; RANK Ligand/metabolism* ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/genetics* ; Transcription Factors

Nine novel compounds, comprising seven tetrahydroanthraquinones (auxarthrolones A-G, 1-7), a γ-butenolide glycoside (malfilamentoside E, 26), and a γ-butenolide (auxarthrolide A, 27), together with eighteen known compounds (8-25) were isolated from rice-based solid culture of Auxarthron umbrinum (A. umbrinum) DSM3193 using the one strain many compounds (OSMAC) approach. The structural elucidation of these compounds was accomplished through nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), mass spectrometry (MS), and NMR calculation combined with DP4+ analysis or MAEΔΔδ parameter, while the absolute configurations of new compounds were established through single-crystal X-ray diffraction, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectroscopic data analysis and/or chemical derivatization. Austrocortilutein (10) and auxarthrol H (14) demonstrated moderate cytotoxicity against U87 and U251 [half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) 3.5-12.1 μmol·L^-1]. Additionally, auxarthrolone A (1), auxarthrol H (14), eupolyphagin B (15), and 7-hydroxy-2-(2-hydroxypropyl)-5-methylchromone (17) exhibited torsional effects on fibroblast proliferation challenges induced by oleic acid, thus demonstrating fibroblast proliferation-promoting activity.
4-Butyrolactone/pharmacology* ; Molecular Structure ; Anthraquinones/pharmacology* ; Humans ; Animals ; Mice ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and mechanism of Weiwei Decoction in treating patients with precancerous lesions of gastric cancer(PLGC)differentiated as deficiency-stasis-turbidity syndrome.Methods From August 2021 to August 2023,a clinical observation was performed on 60 patients diagnosed as chronic atrophic gastritis accompanied by mild to moderate dysplasia and differentiated as deficiency-stasis-turbidity syndrome through traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome differentiation,electronic gastroscopy,and histopathological examination at the Department of Gastroenterology,Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital.The patients were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group using a random number table,with 30 patients in each group.The control group was treated with oral use of Weifuchun Tablets,while the treatment group was given modified Weiwei Decoction according to syndrome differentiation.The treatment course lasted 24 weeks.Before and after treatment,the changes in TCM syndrome scores,gastroscopy and histopathological grading,and expression levels of markers of cancer-associated fibroblasts(CAFs)in gastric mucosal tissues of the two groups were observed.After treatment,the efficacy of TCM syndromes and medication safety were evaluated in both groups.Results(1)After 24 weeks of treatment,the total effective rate in the treatment group was 93.33%(28/30),and that in the control group was 63.33%(19/30).The TCM syndrome efficacy in the treatment group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.05).(2)After treatment,the TCM syndrome scores in both groups were significantly decreased compared to those before treatment(P＜0.01),and the decrease in the treatment group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.05).(3)After treatment,the histopathological grading of gastric mucosal atrophy,intestinal metaplasia,and dysplasia in the treatment group was significantly improved compared to that before treatment(P＜0.05),while no significant improvement was presented in the control group(P＞0.05).The improvement in histopathological grading of gastric mucosal atrophy,intestinal metaplasia,and dysplasia in the treatment group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).(4)After treatment,the expression levels of CAFs markers of fibroblast activation protein(FAP)and α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA)in the treatment group were significantly decreased(P＜0.05),while the expression levels of FAP and α-SMA in the control group were significantly increased(P＜0.05)compared to those before treatment.The decrease in FAP and α-SMA expression levels of the treatment group was significantly greater than that of the control group(P＜0.01).(5)During the treatment period,no adverse drug events occurred in either group,indicating high safety.Conclusion Weiwei Decoction has significant therapeutic effect on PLGC patients with deficiency-stasis-turbidity syndrome.Its mechanism may be related to the down-regulation of FAP and α-SMA levels and inhibition of the expression of CAFs.

Objective To systematically investigate the impact of music intervention on neuroplasticity in patients with Alzheimer's disease(AD).Methods PubMed,EBSCOhost,Web of Science,Embase,CNKI,Wanfang data and VIP were searched for studies pub-lished up to February,2025.They were analysed using GingerALE 3.0.2 for meta-analysis.Results Five fMRI studies were included,involving 134 participants(99 with AD).A total of 49 activation coordinates were extracted.The main activation regions in the healthy group were concentrated in the left precuneus,the right inferior frontal gyrus and the right superior temporal gyrus,while the primary activated regions in AD group shifted to the right operculum and adjacent right insula,left superior frontal gyrus,right medial frontal gyrus,and left superior temporal gyrus,indicating that during music processing,neural activation patterns in AD patients shifted from higher-order associative cortices to subcortical structures,accompanied by compensatory changes in frontal lobe activation and a loss of activation in the parietal lobe,particularly in the precuneus.Conclusion Music intervention can activate the relatively preserved subcortical-limbic system in patients with AD and promote compensatory reorganization of the frontal lobes.

Objective:To investigate the effects of hip replacement on human β-defensin 3 (HBd-3) and N-arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA) levels in older adult patients with intertrochanteric femoral fractures.Methods:This study was a retrospective analysis. A total of 110 older adult patients with intertrochanteric femoral fractures who received treatment at Xi'an Labor Union Hospital from March 2021 to December 2023. Based on the different treatment methods, patients were assigned to either the hip replacement group ( n = 55, hip replacement) or the control group ( n = 55, intramedullary nail fixation). The operation time, postoperative bed rest duration, hospital stay, and weight-bearing time were recorded for both groups. The levels of malondialdehyde, aldosterone, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, HBd-3, AEA, and calcitonin gene-related peptide were measured before and 3 days after surgery. Behaviors were evaluated using the 6-point behavioral rating scale before and 14 days after surgery. Hip function was evaluated using the Mayo hip function score before and 3 months after surgery. Complications were recorded for both groups. Results:The operation time in the hip replacement group was significantly longer than that in the control group [(75.58 ± 7.19) minutes vs. (60.03 ± 5.75) minutes, t = -12.53, P < 0.001]. However, postoperative bed rest duration, hospital stay, and weight-bearing time in the hip replacement group were (8.35 ± 1.63) days, (13.18 ± 2.32) days, and (6.19 ± 1.51) days, respectively, which were significantly shorter than those in the control group [(16.28 ± 2.02) days, (15.65 ± 3.15) days, (42.21 ± 6.67) days, t = 22.68, 4.68, 39.06, all P < 0.001]. The levels of malondialdehyde and aldosterone in the hip replacement group were (14.89 ± 3.06) U/L and (37.80 ± 3.80) ng/L, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the control group [(16.73 ± 3.42) U/L, (40.85 ± 4.24) ng/L, t = 2.97, 3.97, both P < 0.05]. Additionally, the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and HBd-3 in the hip replacement group were (18.85 ± 3.25) ng/L and (0.93 ± 0.15), respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the control group [(24.40 ± 4.43) ng/L, (1.22 ± 0.30), t = 7.49, 6.41, both P < 0.001]. The level of calcitonin gene-related peptide in the hip replacement group was significantly lower than that in the control group [(73.81 ± 12.26) ng/L vs. (89.39 ± 14.43) ng/L, t = 6.40, P < 0.001]. The level of anandamide in the hip replacement group was significantly higher than that in the control group [(112.65 ± 18.35) ng/L vs. (95.28 ± 14.07) ng/L, t = -5.57, P < 0.001]. The 6-point behavioral rating scale score in the hip replacement group was significantly lower than that in the control group [(1.05 ± 0.32) vs. (2.28 ± 0.67), t = 12.29, P < 0.05]. The Mayo hip function score for patients in the hip replacement group was significantly higher than that in the control group [(85.12 ± 4.33) vs. (79.38 ± 4.12), t = 7.12, P < 0.001]. The incidence of complications in the hip replacement group was significantly lower than that in the control group [1.82% (1/55) vs. 14.55% (8/55), χ2 = 4.36, P < 0.05]. Conclusions:Hip replacement therapy for older adult patients with intertrochanteric femoral fractures can shorten hospital stays, promote the reduction of postoperative stress responses and inflammation, downregulate HBd-3 and AEA levels, facilitate early functional rehabilitation, improve hip function, reduce complications, and enhance prognosis.