Objective:To search, evaluate, and summarize the best evidence of built-in fecal incontinence management device, to inform the management of incontinence dermatitis by clinical healthcare professionals.Methods:BMJ Best Practice, UpToDate, Guideline International Network, Joanna Briggs Institute, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network, Registered Nurses′Association of Ontario, The Cochrane Library, Medline, Embase, SinoMed, CINAHL, PubMed, Web of Science, OVID, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database were systematically searched for all evidence regarding the application of fecal collection devices. It included clinical practice, guidelines, systematic reviews, expert consensuses, evidence summaries, and randomized controlled trial. Two researchers independently evaluated the literature quality and extracted the literature that met the standards.Results:A total of 12 pieces of the literature were involved, including 2 best practice, 5 guidelines, 3 expert consensuses, and 2 systematic reviews. This study summarized 26 pieces of best evidence in relation to the following 5 themes: indications and contraindications, device insertion, device maintenance, device removal and effectiveness evaluation.Conclusions:This study scientifically and systematically summarized the best evidence regarding the insertion and maintenance of built-in fecal incontinence management device. We recommend that clinical practitioners integrate this evidence into their practice, while considering individual patient preferences and medical contexts. Adhering to individualization for evidence translation improves standardization and benefits patients in the clinical use of fecal collection devices.

Objective:To search, evaluate, and summarize the best evidence of built-in fecal incontinence management device, to inform the management of incontinence dermatitis by clinical healthcare professionals.Methods:BMJ Best Practice, UpToDate, Guideline International Network, Joanna Briggs Institute, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network, Registered Nurses′Association of Ontario, The Cochrane Library, Medline, Embase, SinoMed, CINAHL, PubMed, Web of Science, OVID, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database were systematically searched for all evidence regarding the application of fecal collection devices. It included clinical practice, guidelines, systematic reviews, expert consensuses, evidence summaries, and randomized controlled trial. Two researchers independently evaluated the literature quality and extracted the literature that met the standards.Results:A total of 12 pieces of the literature were involved, including 2 best practice, 5 guidelines, 3 expert consensuses, and 2 systematic reviews. This study summarized 26 pieces of best evidence in relation to the following 5 themes: indications and contraindications, device insertion, device maintenance, device removal and effectiveness evaluation.Conclusions:This study scientifically and systematically summarized the best evidence regarding the insertion and maintenance of built-in fecal incontinence management device. We recommend that clinical practitioners integrate this evidence into their practice, while considering individual patient preferences and medical contexts. Adhering to individualization for evidence translation improves standardization and benefits patients in the clinical use of fecal collection devices.

Objective To summarize the best evidence concerning the prevention and management of indwelling line complications in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)receiving hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy(HAIC),and to standardize the key contents of clinical observation of complications during HAIC treatment.Methods By using the"6S"pyramid model system,the relevant literature was searched in the order from high to low.Two professionals evaluated the quality of the literature,summarized the evidence and conducted the analysis and summarization.Results Ten literature articles were finally enrolled in this study,including one article of guideline,one article of systematic review,five articles of expert consensus,one article of meta-analysis,and two articles of randomized controlled trials.Six complications(catheter displacement or falling off,catheter obstruction,unplanned extubation,arterial spasm or occlusion,infection,puncture site bleeding/local hematoma)and 22 pieces of best evidence for prevention management were summarized.Conclusion This study systematically summarizes 6 complications and their prevention and treatment in patients with HCC receiving HAIC,providing a reliable basis for clinical practice.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the neuroprotective effects of Ditan Decoction(DTD)on ischemic stroke.METHODS A mouse middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)model was used to induce cerebral ischemia and assess the role of DTD in post-stroke NVU injury.DTD was gavaged once a day for 3 days after MCAO.Transwell neutrophil chemotaxis assay was used to explore the role of DTD in the neutrophil chemotaxis.RESULTS In the MCAO model,DTD treatment significantly reduced infarct volume(P<0.01)and attenuated blood-brain barrier disruption,as evidenced by decreased IgG leakage and preserved laminin expression(P<0.05).Furthermore,DTD suppressed neutrophil infiltration into ischemic brain tissue,as demonstrated by reduced neutrophil elastase(P<0.01)and myeloperoxidase(P<0.05)levels.Mechanistically,DTD inhibited neutrophil chemotaxis in a dose-dependent manner and downregulated phosphodiesterase 4B(PDE4B),a key regulator of neutrophil migration(P<0.05).Molecular docking analysis i-dentified four active DTD components-apigenin,vitexin,chlorogenic acid,and orientin-with strong binding affinities to PDE4B(bind-ing energies<-5 kcal·mol-1),suggesting their potential role in mediating DTD's therapeutic effects.CONCLUSION These find-ings highlight DTD as a promising intervention for ischemic stroke,targeting NVU preservation and PDE4B-dependent neutrophil mod-ulation.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the neuroprotective effects of Ditan Decoction(DTD)on ischemic stroke.METHODS A mouse middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)model was used to induce cerebral ischemia and assess the role of DTD in post-stroke NVU injury.DTD was gavaged once a day for 3 days after MCAO.Transwell neutrophil chemotaxis assay was used to explore the role of DTD in the neutrophil chemotaxis.RESULTS In the MCAO model,DTD treatment significantly reduced infarct volume(P<0.01)and attenuated blood-brain barrier disruption,as evidenced by decreased IgG leakage and preserved laminin expression(P<0.05).Furthermore,DTD suppressed neutrophil infiltration into ischemic brain tissue,as demonstrated by reduced neutrophil elastase(P<0.01)and myeloperoxidase(P<0.05)levels.Mechanistically,DTD inhibited neutrophil chemotaxis in a dose-dependent manner and downregulated phosphodiesterase 4B(PDE4B),a key regulator of neutrophil migration(P<0.05).Molecular docking analysis i-dentified four active DTD components-apigenin,vitexin,chlorogenic acid,and orientin-with strong binding affinities to PDE4B(bind-ing energies<-5 kcal·mol-1),suggesting their potential role in mediating DTD's therapeutic effects.CONCLUSION These find-ings highlight DTD as a promising intervention for ischemic stroke,targeting NVU preservation and PDE4B-dependent neutrophil mod-ulation.

Objective:To analyze the influencing factors of low fall alertness in elderly inpatients,construct a risk prediction model and validate it,providing a reference for clinical medical staff to identify elderly inpatients with low fall alertness in the early stage.Methods:A total of 605 elderly inpatients treated in Yijishan Hospital affiliated to Wannan Medical College from Oct 2023 to Mar 2024 were enrolled and randomly divided into the training group(n=423)and validation group(n=182)at a ratio of 7∶3.The patients were evaluated using a general information questionnaire,the Social Frailty Screening Tool(HALFT),the Tilburg Frailty Indicator(TFI),and the Self-Awareness of Falls in Elderly scale(SAFE).Multivariate logistic analysis was used to determine the influencing factors of low fall alertness in elderly inpatients.RStudio was used to construct a risk prediction model of low fall alertness.The discrimination,calibration,and clinical net benefit of the model were verified using the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves,calibration plots,and decision curve analysis(DCA).Results:Multivariate logistic analysis showed that the history of falls,monthly income,previous physical activity time,social frailty score and TFI score were independent risk factors for low fall alertness in elderly inpatients.The Hosmer-Lemeshow χ2 test showed that χ2=8.863,P=0.354,indicating good calibration of the prediction model.The area under the ROC curve of the training group and the validation group were 0.860(95%CI:0.815-0.904)and 0.937(95%CI:0.888-0.986),respectively,and the maximum Youden indices of the model was 0.576 and 0.788,respectively,indicating good discrimination of the model.The DCA decision curve showed that the model had good clinical effectiveness.Conclusion:The constructed model has a good prediction effect and can help clinical medical staff quickly and effectively screen out elderly inpatients at risk of low fall alertness.

Objective:To analyze the influencing factors of low fall alertness in elderly inpatients,construct a risk prediction model and validate it,providing a reference for clinical medical staff to identify elderly inpatients with low fall alertness in the early stage.Methods:A total of 605 elderly inpatients treated in Yijishan Hospital affiliated to Wannan Medical College from Oct 2023 to Mar 2024 were enrolled and randomly divided into the training group(n=423)and validation group(n=182)at a ratio of 7∶3.The patients were evaluated using a general information questionnaire,the Social Frailty Screening Tool(HALFT),the Tilburg Frailty Indicator(TFI),and the Self-Awareness of Falls in Elderly scale(SAFE).Multivariate logistic analysis was used to determine the influencing factors of low fall alertness in elderly inpatients.RStudio was used to construct a risk prediction model of low fall alertness.The discrimination,calibration,and clinical net benefit of the model were verified using the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves,calibration plots,and decision curve analysis(DCA).Results:Multivariate logistic analysis showed that the history of falls,monthly income,previous physical activity time,social frailty score and TFI score were independent risk factors for low fall alertness in elderly inpatients.The Hosmer-Lemeshow χ2 test showed that χ2=8.863,P=0.354,indicating good calibration of the prediction model.The area under the ROC curve of the training group and the validation group were 0.860(95%CI:0.815-0.904)and 0.937(95%CI:0.888-0.986),respectively,and the maximum Youden indices of the model was 0.576 and 0.788,respectively,indicating good discrimination of the model.The DCA decision curve showed that the model had good clinical effectiveness.Conclusion:The constructed model has a good prediction effect and can help clinical medical staff quickly and effectively screen out elderly inpatients at risk of low fall alertness.

AIM:To explore the role and molecular mechanism of Men1 gene in regulating mouse renal fibro-sis.METHODS:A unilateral ureteral obstruction(UUO)-induced renal fibrosis model was established using C57BL/6 mice,and the mice were randomly divided into 4 groups:sham,UUO-3 d,UUO-7 d,and UUO-14 d,with 15 mice in each group.The C57BL/6 mice with Men1 knockout were randomly divided into 4 groups:sham-Men1-WT,sham-Men1-CKO,UUO-Men1-WT,and UUO-Men1-CKO,with 8 mice in each group.HE staining,Masson staining,and Sirius red staining were used to detect UUO-induced renal injury and renal fibrosis.Human renal tubular epithelial HK-2 cells with MEN1 knockout were constructed.RT-qPCR,Western blot,immunohistochemistry and immunoflurorescnence were per-formed to detect the mRNA and protein expression of MEN1,fibrosis markers(α-smooth muscle actin,collagen type Ⅲ and fibronectin 1)and m6A-related proteins[methyltransferase-like 3(METTL3),METTL14,YTH domain family pro-tein 2(YTHDF2),AlkB homolog 5(ALKBH5),and fat mass and obesity-associated protein(FTO)]in UUO mouse kid-ney tissues and transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β;10 μg/L)-treated HK-2 cells.Dot blot analysis was conducted to measure m6A methylation levels in both mouse kidney tissuess and HK-2 cells.RESULTS:The expression of Men1 de-creased with the aggravation of renal fibrosis(P＜0.01).Men1 inhibited the expression of fibrosis markers in renal tis-sues,and MEN1 knockout increased the accumulation of collagen induced by UUO and TGF-β(P＜0.01).The expres-sion of FTO and ALKBH5 in mouse kidney tissues and HK-2 cells was down-regulated by MEN1 knockout(P＜0.01),and the methylation level of m6A was increased(P＜0.01).Overexpression of FTO significantly reduced the accumulation of m6A modifications and renal fibrosis caused by MEN1 loss,and the methylation level of m6A was increased(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION:Loss of Men1 gene promotes renal fibrosis in mice,and Men1 suppresses renal fibrosis in mice by pro-moting the expression of FTO/ALKBH5 to reduce m6A modifications.

AIM:To explore the role and molecular mechanism of Men1 gene in regulating mouse renal fibro-sis.METHODS:A unilateral ureteral obstruction(UUO)-induced renal fibrosis model was established using C57BL/6 mice,and the mice were randomly divided into 4 groups:sham,UUO-3 d,UUO-7 d,and UUO-14 d,with 15 mice in each group.The C57BL/6 mice with Men1 knockout were randomly divided into 4 groups:sham-Men1-WT,sham-Men1-CKO,UUO-Men1-WT,and UUO-Men1-CKO,with 8 mice in each group.HE staining,Masson staining,and Sirius red staining were used to detect UUO-induced renal injury and renal fibrosis.Human renal tubular epithelial HK-2 cells with MEN1 knockout were constructed.RT-qPCR,Western blot,immunohistochemistry and immunoflurorescnence were per-formed to detect the mRNA and protein expression of MEN1,fibrosis markers(α-smooth muscle actin,collagen type Ⅲ and fibronectin 1)and m6A-related proteins[methyltransferase-like 3(METTL3),METTL14,YTH domain family pro-tein 2(YTHDF2),AlkB homolog 5(ALKBH5),and fat mass and obesity-associated protein(FTO)]in UUO mouse kid-ney tissues and transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β;10 μg/L)-treated HK-2 cells.Dot blot analysis was conducted to measure m6A methylation levels in both mouse kidney tissuess and HK-2 cells.RESULTS:The expression of Men1 de-creased with the aggravation of renal fibrosis(P＜0.01).Men1 inhibited the expression of fibrosis markers in renal tis-sues,and MEN1 knockout increased the accumulation of collagen induced by UUO and TGF-β(P＜0.01).The expres-sion of FTO and ALKBH5 in mouse kidney tissues and HK-2 cells was down-regulated by MEN1 knockout(P＜0.01),and the methylation level of m6A was increased(P＜0.01).Overexpression of FTO significantly reduced the accumulation of m6A modifications and renal fibrosis caused by MEN1 loss,and the methylation level of m6A was increased(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION:Loss of Men1 gene promotes renal fibrosis in mice,and Men1 suppresses renal fibrosis in mice by pro-moting the expression of FTO/ALKBH5 to reduce m6A modifications.

Abstract Allergic diseases can occur in all systems of the body, covering the whole life cycle, from children to adults and to old age, can be lifelong onset and even fatal in severe cases. Children account for the largest proportion of the victims of allergic disease, Children s allergies start from scratch, ranging from mild to severe, from less to more, from single to multiple systems and systemic performance, so the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases in children is of great importance, which can not only prevent high risk allergic conditions from developing into allergic diseases, but also further block the process of allergy. At present, there is no consensus on the management system of allergic children in kindergartens and primary schools. The "Consensus on Allergy Management and Prevention in Kindergartens and Primary Schools", which includes the organizational structure, system construction and management of allergic children, provides evidence informed recommendations for the long term comprehensive management of allergic children in kindergartens and primary schools, and provides a basis for the establishment of the prevention system for allergic children.