ObjectiveTo investigate pulmonary function levels and associated influencing factors among rural elderly in Guangzhou， to identify high-risk populations for poor pulmonary function， and to reveal the relationship between the influencing factors of pulmonary function. MethodsWe recruited 1 500 residents aged 60 to 94 years from rural area of Conghua District， Guangzhou City using convenience sampling in 2023. Data on demographics， body measurements， medical history and lifestyle were collected via face-to-face questionnaires and physical examination. Meanwhile， expiratory function parameters including forced expiratory volume in one second （FEV1）， forced vital capacity （FVC）， FEV1/FVC， and the prevalence of airflow obstruction （AFO） were assessed using a portable spirometer. Age and sex distribution of pulmonary function in older adults at 5-year intervals was reported， and risk factors of AFO using multifactorial logistic regression models were analyzed. Furthermore， path analysis was further employed to explore the role of lifestyle in the association between other influencing factors and lung function. ResultsAmong the 1 500 participants， the median age was 71 years （67-75）， and 44.2% were male. Subjects identified as AFOs were generally older， more likely male， less educated， and had lower rates of moderate to vigorous physical activity （＜1 time/week） and lower lean body mass. Mean FEV1/FVC ratio was （82.0±16.4） %. FEV1/FVC was （79.80±17.58） % in men and （83.66±15.22） % in women. Older age， lower education， male sex and leanness were negatively associated with all pulmonary function outcomes （all P values＜0.05）. Path analysis identified that age， gender， marital status， occupation and income may influence pulmonary function indirectly through lifestyle. ConclusionRural elderly in Guangzhou exhibited lower pulmonary function levels， and male sex， non-married status， advanced age， lower education， smoking habits， insufficient engagement in moderate to vigorous physical activity， and lean body type were all associated with worse pulmonary function.

BACKGROUND: While emotional distress, encompassing anxiety and depression, has been associated with negative clinical outcomes, its impact across various clinical departments and general hospitals has been less explored. Previous studies with limited sample sizes have examined the effectiveness of specific treatments (e.g., antidepressants) rather than a systemic management strategy for outcome improvement in non-psychiatric inpatients. To enhance the understanding of the importance of addressing mental health care needs among non-psychiatric patients in general hospitals, this study retrospectively investigated the impacts of emotional distress and the effects of early detection and management of depression and anxiety on hospital length of stay (LOS) and rate of long LOS (LLOS, i.e., LOS >30 days) in a large sample of non-psychiatric inpatients. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 487,871 inpatients from 20 non-psychiatric departments of a general hospital. They were divided, according to whether they underwent a novel strategy to manage emotional distress which deployed the Huaxi Emotional Distress Index (HEI) for brief screening with grading psychological services (BS-GPS), into BS-GPS ( n = 178,883) and non-BS-GPS ( n = 308,988) cohorts. The LOS and rate of LLOS between the BS-GPS and non-BS-GPS cohorts and between subcohorts with and without clinically significant anxiety and/or depression (CSAD, i.e., HEI score ≥11 on admission to the hospital) in the BS-GPS cohort were compared using univariable analyses, multilevel analyses, and/or propensity score-matched analyses, respectively. RESULTS: The detection rate of CSAD in the BS-GPS cohort varied from 2.64% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.49%-2.81%) to 20.50% (95% CI: 19.43%-21.62%) across the 20 departments, with a average rate of 5.36%. Significant differences were observed in both the LOS and LLOS rates between the subcohorts with CSAD (12.7 days, 535/9590) and without CSAD (9.5 days, 3800/169,293) and between the BS-GPS (9.6 days, 4335/178,883) and non-BS-GPS (10.8 days, 11,483/308,988) cohorts. These differences remained significant after controlling for confounders using propensity score-matched comparisons. A multilevel analysis indicated that BS-GPS was negatively associated with both LOS and LLOS after controlling for sociodemographics and the departments of patient discharge and remained negatively associated with LLOS after controlling additionally for the year of patient discharge. CONCLUSION Emotional distress significantly prolonged the LOS and increased the LLOS of non-psychiatric inpatients across most departments and general hospitals. These impacts were moderated by the implementation of BS-GPS. Thus, BS-GPS has the potential as an effective, resource-saving strategy for enhancing mental health care and optimizing medical resources in general hospitals.
Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Male ; Length of Stay/statistics & numerical data* ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; Psychological Distress ; Inpatients/psychology* ; Aged ; Anxiety/diagnosis* ; Depression/diagnosis*

Objective:To summarize the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment experience of salivary pleomorphic adenoma in children. Methods:Thirty patients with salivary pleomorphic adenomas treated in Beijing Childrens Hospital from January 2008 to December 2022 were retrospectively reviewed, including 11 boys and 19 girls, with the age ranging from 0.3 to 14.4 years（median age 10.4 years）. Initial presentation, medical history, imaging workups, surgical approaches, complications, rates of recurrence were evaluated. Results:Major salivary gland lesions were most common（n=24, 80%）; 53.3%（16 of 30） arising in the submandibular glands and 26.7%（8 of 30） in the parotid. Minor salivary gland lesions（n=6, 20%） were removed from the palate, tongue, face, trachea, nasopharynx, and upper mediastinumand. Preoperative imaging was reviewed in all patients and consisted of 26 ultrasound exams, 2 computerized tomography（CT） exams, and 15 magnetic resonance imaging（MRI） exams. Fine needle aspiration biopsy was performed in 12 patients. Surgical excision was performed in all patients. Postoperative complications included transient facial paresis（n=3）, Pneumonia and pleural effusion（n=1）. Average length of follow-up was 36.7 months; confirmed recurrence occurred in one patients. Conclusion:The symptoms of salivary gland pleomorphic adenoma in children are different according to the location of the tumor. The treatment is complete surgical resection, and a small amount of normal tissue around the tumor should be removed to reduce recurrence.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Child ; Adenoma, Pleomorphic/diagnosis* ; Adolescent ; Retrospective Studies ; Salivary Gland Neoplasms/diagnosis* ; Child, Preschool ; Infant ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local

Objective To investigate the mechanism by which human hypoxia up-regulation 1(HYOU1)regulates pancreatic cancer development.Methods Bioinformatic and immunohistochemical staining analyses of HYOU1 ex-pression level in pancreatic tumor tissues,normal and paracancerous tissues and its correlation with patients'surviv-al.Quantitative real-time PCR(qPCR)and Western blot were used to clarify the expression level of HYOU1 in a number of human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell lines and a normal human pancreatic ductal cell line.Two cell lines with the highest expression levels of HYOU1,BXPC-3 and Panc-1,were selected to knock out HYOU1 by CRISPR-Cas9,and then cell survival,proliferation and migration of these cells were examined by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8),colony formation assay and wound healing experiment separately,as well as apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry.Subsequently,the protein levels of the PI3K/Akt signaling including PI3K,p-PI3K,Akt,and p-Akt were detected by Western blot in parental and HYOU1-ablated BXPC-3 and Panc-1 cells.Cell proliferation was also examined in HYOU1-ablated cells after treatment of recilisib,an activator of the PI3K/Akt pathway.Results The expression of HYOU1 in pancreatic tumor tissues was significantly higher than that in normal tissues,and the patients with high expression of HYOU1 had a much shorter survival compared to the patients with low HYOU1(P＜0.01).Immunohistochemical staining of pancreatic cancer specimens showed that the expression of HYOU1 was higher in tumor tissues than in paracancerous tissues(P＜0.01).The mRNA and protein levels of HYOU1 were higher in all pancreatic cancer cell lines compared to the human normal pancreatic ductal cell(P＜0.001,P＜0.01).HYOU1 ablation inhibited BXPC-3 and Panc-1 cells survival,proliferation and migration,and promoted early cell apoptosis.In addition,loss of HYOU1 decreased PI3K/Akt signaling activity,whereas the PI3K/Akt ac-tivator Recilisib reversed the effects of HYOU1 ablation on cell survival and proliferation.Conclusion HYOU1 promotes pancreatic cancer progression by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

Objective:To investigate the effect of the number of positive preoperative serological tumor markers on the surgical approach and prognosis of patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.Methods:This is a retrospective case-series study. Data from 548 patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma after radical resection from October 2010 to April 2019 were retrospectively collected in 10 hospitals of China. There were 277 males and 271 females with an age of (57.8±10.2)years(range:23 to 84 years). Four hundred and twenty-six patients(77.7%) had at least one positive preoperative serum tumor marker. The data collection included the results of 4 preoperative serological tumor markers,other preoperative indicators(5 prodromal symptoms, 6 medical history,8 preoperative serological indicators,5 preoperative imaging indicators,and 14 preoperative pathological examination indicators),baseline data (gender and age),surgical methods,and prognostic follow-up data. Four preoperative results of serologic tumor marker and surgical procedure were converted into categorical variables. The number of positive preoperative serum tumor markers was used as the treatment variable,the surgical method was used as the mediating variable,and the survival time was used as the outcome variable. Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to screen for other preoperative indicators which were independent factors that influenced the surgical procedure and the prognosis of patients as covariates to analyze the mediating effect.Results:Of the 548 patients included in the study, 176 patients (32.1%) underwent partial hepatectomy,151 patients(27.5%) underwent hemihepatectomy, and 221 patients(40.3%) underwent partial hepatectomy or hemihepatectomy combined with other treatments. The results of the univariate and multivariate analysis showed that the number of positive serum tumor markers,intrahepatic bile duct dilatation,portal vein invasion,pathological differentiation,pathological type,vascular invasion,T stage,N stage and maximum tumor diameter were independent factors influencing the surgical procedure(all P<0.05). Intrahepatic bile duct dilatation,pathological differentiation and T stage were independent prognostic factors for patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(all P<0.05). Intrahepatic bile duct dilatation,differentiation and T stage were included as covariates in the mediation effect model. The results showed that the number of positive serum tumor markers before surgery had a negative predictive effect on the survival time of patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma ( β=-0.092, P=0.039),and had a positive predictive effect on the surgical method ( β=0.244, P<0.01). The number of positive serum tumor markers had a negative predictive effect on the survival time of patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma ( β=-0.151, P=0.002). Direct and indirect effects accounted for 71.3% and 28.7% of total effects,respectively. Conclusions:The higher the positive number of preoperative tumor markers,the worse the prognosis of patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. The number of positive cells not only directly affects the prognosis of patients,but also indirectly affects the prognosis of patients by affecting the surgical method.

Objective:To investigate the effect of the number of positive preoperative serological tumor markers on the surgical approach and prognosis of patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.Methods:This is a retrospective case-series study. Data from 548 patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma after radical resection from October 2010 to April 2019 were retrospectively collected in 10 hospitals of China. There were 277 males and 271 females with an age of (57.8±10.2)years(range:23 to 84 years). Four hundred and twenty-six patients(77.7%) had at least one positive preoperative serum tumor marker. The data collection included the results of 4 preoperative serological tumor markers,other preoperative indicators(5 prodromal symptoms, 6 medical history,8 preoperative serological indicators,5 preoperative imaging indicators,and 14 preoperative pathological examination indicators),baseline data (gender and age),surgical methods,and prognostic follow-up data. Four preoperative results of serologic tumor marker and surgical procedure were converted into categorical variables. The number of positive preoperative serum tumor markers was used as the treatment variable,the surgical method was used as the mediating variable,and the survival time was used as the outcome variable. Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to screen for other preoperative indicators which were independent factors that influenced the surgical procedure and the prognosis of patients as covariates to analyze the mediating effect.Results:Of the 548 patients included in the study, 176 patients (32.1%) underwent partial hepatectomy,151 patients(27.5%) underwent hemihepatectomy, and 221 patients(40.3%) underwent partial hepatectomy or hemihepatectomy combined with other treatments. The results of the univariate and multivariate analysis showed that the number of positive serum tumor markers,intrahepatic bile duct dilatation,portal vein invasion,pathological differentiation,pathological type,vascular invasion,T stage,N stage and maximum tumor diameter were independent factors influencing the surgical procedure(all P<0.05). Intrahepatic bile duct dilatation,pathological differentiation and T stage were independent prognostic factors for patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(all P<0.05). Intrahepatic bile duct dilatation,differentiation and T stage were included as covariates in the mediation effect model. The results showed that the number of positive serum tumor markers before surgery had a negative predictive effect on the survival time of patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma ( β=-0.092, P=0.039),and had a positive predictive effect on the surgical method ( β=0.244, P<0.01). The number of positive serum tumor markers had a negative predictive effect on the survival time of patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma ( β=-0.151, P=0.002). Direct and indirect effects accounted for 71.3% and 28.7% of total effects,respectively. Conclusions:The higher the positive number of preoperative tumor markers,the worse the prognosis of patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. The number of positive cells not only directly affects the prognosis of patients,but also indirectly affects the prognosis of patients by affecting the surgical method.

Objective To investigate the relationship between enlarged perivascular spaces in the hippocampus(H-EPVS)and cognitive function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),and to explore whether the H-EPVS can be used as an imaging marker of cognitive impairment in T2DM.Methods A total of 93 T2DM patients were selected(including 56 patients with cognitive impair-ment and 37 patients with normal cognition).All patients received head MRI scanning and neuropsychological tests.The differences of the H-EPVS counts and various parameters between the two groups were compared.Multiple linear regression was used to evalu-ate the association between H-EPVS and cognitive function.Results Compared with the T2DM patients with normal cognition,the cognitive impairment had significantly higher total H-EPVS counts(P=0.015),and worse performance of global cognitive function,processing speed,immediate memory and delayed recall(P＜0.05).After adjusting for confounding factors by multiple linear regres-sion,total H-EPVS were associated with global cognitive function and immediate memory.Conclusion The H-EPVS are correlated with global cognitive function and memory function in patients with T2DM.The H-EPVS may be used as an imaging marker of cog-nitive impairment in T2DM patients.

Objective To investigate the technique and dosage selection of indocyanine green(ICG)fluorescence staining in laparoscopic anatomical hemihepatectomy.Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted.The clinical date of the patients who underwent laparoscopic anatomical hemihepatectomy in the Cancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from October 2020 to October 2023 was collected and analyzed,and the management of the Glissonean pedicle,the method and effect of ICG fluorescence staining during the operation,the dose of ICG injection,and the postoperative recovery were analyzed.Results A total of 91 laparoscopic anatomical hemihepatectomies were enrolled in this study,including 28 right hemihepatectomies and 63 left hemihepatectomies.The Glissonean pedicle was dissected intra-sheath in 9 cases and extra-sheath in 82 cases.ICG fluorescence staining was all performed using the negative staining method,of which 69 cases(75.8%)were successfully stained.The success rate of staining in the extra-sheath dissection and low-dose ICG group was higher than that in the intra-sheath dissection and high-dose ICG group.The average operation time was(168.5±32.2)minutes,the intraoperative bleeding volume was(152.4±56.3)ml,and the intraoperative blood transfusion rate was 6.6%(6/91),the average postoperative hospital stay was(8.5±2.6)days.One case was converted to laparotomy due to exophytic growth of the tumor compressing the Glissonean pedicle.Four cases had Clavien-Dindo Ⅰ-Ⅱ complications,all of which improved after treatment.There were 3 cases of grade Ⅲa complications,all of which were caused by bile leakage and abdominal cavity infection.They were cured by puncture and drainage.And there were no serious complications above grade Ⅲb.Conclusions In laparoscopic anatomical hemihepatectomy,the ICG fluorescence staining method was recommended to use the negative staining method of the extra-sheath dissection of the Glissonean pedicle,and a lower dose of ICG could help to increase the success rate of fluorescence staining.

Objective : To investigate the characteristics of mortality of falls among the elderly in Haishu District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province, so as to provide insights into the improvement of fall control strategy. Methods: Data pertaining to surveillance of falls in Haishu District from 2017 to 2022 were collected from the Ningbo Municipal Digital Disease Prevention and Control Platform. The trends in mortality of falls in Haishu District from 2017 to 2022 were evaluated using annual percent change (APC). The distribution of demographic characteristics, locations of falls, injury sites, interval from fall occurrence to death and type of falls specified by age were descriptively analyzed. Results: A total of 1 206 deaths occurred due to falls among the elderly at ages of 60 years and older in Haishu District from 2017 to 2022, including 414 men and 612 women, with a male to female ratio of 0.67∶1. The average age was (85.20±8.42) years. The average annual crude mortality and standardized mortality of were 101.10/105 and 85.40/105 from 2017 to 2022, respectively, with no obvious changing trends (APC=5.797% and 5.337%, all P>0.05). The standardized death rate of falls in females was higher than that of males (102.60/105 vs. 69.55/105, P<0.05). The average annual mortality of falls appeared a tendency towards a rise with age among the elderly at ages of 60 years and older, with the highest mortality of 147.18/105 seen in the elderly at ages of 85 years and older. Falls predominantly occurred at home (836 cases, 81.48%) and on the same level (881 cases, 85.87%). The injury sites were mainly lower limbs (388 cases, 37.82%) and head (308 cases, 30.02%). In addition, the interval from fall occurrence to death mainly ranged from 24 hours to 6 months (757 cases, 73.79%). Conclusion The mortality of falls appeared a tendency towards a rise with age among the elderly at ages of 60 years and older in Haishu District from 2017 to 2022, which was higher in women than in men. The location of falls was predominantly at home and the type of falls predominantly at the same level. High attention to residential environments, and reinforcement of gender- and age-specific interventions are recommended.

Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of road traffic injuries in Haishu District of Ningbo City and to provide evidence for effective prevention strategies. Methods Based on the "Ningbo Inpatient Injury Monitoring Report Card"， we analyzed the epidemiological characteristics and the influencing factors of hospitalization expenses using the road traffic injuries cases collected from 2015-2019 of Haishu District were analyzed. Results The ratio of male to female was 1.46∶1 among the 8 543 cases. Most cases were between 25 to 64 years old. There were 83.09% cases had junior high school education or below. The top three occupations in the cases were preschoolers， transportation workers， and retired people. Road traffic injuries occurred more frequently in spring for preschoolers and in summer vacation for school-age children. Motor vehicle accidents caused more serious injuries than non-motor vehicle accidents （χ ²=59.069， P<0.001）. The economic burden caused by the traffic injuries was heavy. The main influencing factors of hospitalization expenses for road traffic injuries were age， gender， severity of injury and the attribute of injury. The median hospitalization cost was 12 400 Yuan， and the interquartile distance was 23 400 Yuan. Conclusion Road traffic injury not only causes serious bodily injury， but also increases the economic burden of family and society directly or indirectly. Traffic safety education should be carried out for key groups to prevent the occurrence of road traffic injuries.