Alzheimer's disease(AD)is an age-related neurodegenerative disease that mainly manifests clinically as progressive functional impairments in cognition,memory,and language.With the accelerated transition toward an older population in China,the number of people suffering from AD in China is increasing.The exact pathogenesis of AD remains unclear,with current therapeutic strategies mainly limited to symptomatic treatments.Animal models are important tools for preclinical research,enabling explorations of molecular mechanisms,behavioral functions,and treatment strategies of diseases.Future mechanistic research and drug development of AD should involve the establishment of animal models that are consistent with clinical pathological characteristics.This review summarizes the AD animal models commonly used in research,providing details on the strains,age,modeling method and doses.It also discusses research on traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)components and their pharmacodynamic mechanisms in related AD animal models,aiming to provide references for the development of new animal models and in-depth exploration of the specific pharmacological activities,targets,metabolic pathways,and clinical applications of each TCM component.

Standardized training of newly recruited nurses is crucial for enhancing their clinical competencies and facilita-ting rapid adaptation to clinical environments.This approach aims to develop nursing professionals with advanced clinical skills and expertise.This paper reviews and analyzes the training paradigms for new nurses globally,focusing on the challenges faced in the standardized training of new nurses in China,to provide insights and references for future training programs.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of WeChat group integrating with BOPPPS instructional model in the standardized training of nurses in an orthopedics department.Methods A total of 56 nurses in orthopedical standardized training from a hospital were selected and divided into a control group(28 nurses from September 2022 to August 2023)and an interven-tion group(28 nurses trained via WeChat groups and the BOPPPS model from September 2023 to August 2024).The two groups were compared in terms of their final assessment scores,critical thinking,and self-directed learning capabilities.Results After training,the intervention group had significantly higher scores in the final assessment,all items of the California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory,and all dimensions of the Learning Ability Assessment Scale compared to the control group(all P＜0.05).Conclusion WeChat groups combined with the BOPPPS teaching mode effectively improves the self-directed learning ability,critical thinking skills,and assessment results of orthopedic nurses.

Treatment based on meridian differentiation is a characteristic method in clinical acupuncture diagnosis and treatment. Accurately defining and explaining its main content and core concepts is essential for effective clinical guidance. This paper reviews the historical and contemporary understanding, concepts, and primary content of treatment based on meridian differentiation. It proposes a four-step process for clinical application: meridian examination, treatment based on meridian differentiation, acupoint selection, and appropriate treatment methods, with TCM syndrome differentiation applied throughout. Constructing a diagnostic and treatment system which is based on meridian differentiation and suited to clinical acupuncture is significant for enhancing therapeutic efficacy and maximizing the benefits of acupuncture in disease treatment.
Humans ; Meridians ; Acupuncture Therapy/methods* ; Acupuncture Points ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

Standardized training of newly recruited nurses is crucial for enhancing their clinical competencies and facilita-ting rapid adaptation to clinical environments.This approach aims to develop nursing professionals with advanced clinical skills and expertise.This paper reviews and analyzes the training paradigms for new nurses globally,focusing on the challenges faced in the standardized training of new nurses in China,to provide insights and references for future training programs.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of WeChat group integrating with BOPPPS instructional model in the standardized training of nurses in an orthopedics department.Methods A total of 56 nurses in orthopedical standardized training from a hospital were selected and divided into a control group(28 nurses from September 2022 to August 2023)and an interven-tion group(28 nurses trained via WeChat groups and the BOPPPS model from September 2023 to August 2024).The two groups were compared in terms of their final assessment scores,critical thinking,and self-directed learning capabilities.Results After training,the intervention group had significantly higher scores in the final assessment,all items of the California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory,and all dimensions of the Learning Ability Assessment Scale compared to the control group(all P＜0.05).Conclusion WeChat groups combined with the BOPPPS teaching mode effectively improves the self-directed learning ability,critical thinking skills,and assessment results of orthopedic nurses.

Alzheimer's disease(AD)is an age-related neurodegenerative disease that mainly manifests clinically as progressive functional impairments in cognition,memory,and language.With the accelerated transition toward an older population in China,the number of people suffering from AD in China is increasing.The exact pathogenesis of AD remains unclear,with current therapeutic strategies mainly limited to symptomatic treatments.Animal models are important tools for preclinical research,enabling explorations of molecular mechanisms,behavioral functions,and treatment strategies of diseases.Future mechanistic research and drug development of AD should involve the establishment of animal models that are consistent with clinical pathological characteristics.This review summarizes the AD animal models commonly used in research,providing details on the strains,age,modeling method and doses.It also discusses research on traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)components and their pharmacodynamic mechanisms in related AD animal models,aiming to provide references for the development of new animal models and in-depth exploration of the specific pharmacological activities,targets,metabolic pathways,and clinical applications of each TCM component.

Objective:To explore the feasibility of preparing an iodine-coated titanium plate with potassium iodide and verify its antibacterial performance.Methods:Iodine was coated onto the surface of a titanium plate in electrolyte of potassium iodide using the electrophoretic deposition method. The signs and composition of the surface of the iodine-coated titanium plate were observed by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The experiment was conducted in a control group and 3 antibacterial test groups. The control group consisted of 10 titanium plates which had been pretreated but not loaded with iodine; the 3 experimental groups also had in each 10 titanium plates which had been pretreated and loaded with iodine in the electrolytes of concentrations of 1,000 mg/L, 2,000 mg/L and 4,000 mg/L, respectively. The antimicrobial tests in vitro were conducted with standard strains of staphylococcus aureus [1×10 6 Colony-Forming Units (CFU)/mL ATCC25923] to determine the antibacterial property of the plates. Results:The iodine-coated titanium plates appeared grey and their surface was evenly covered with a flat coating with no collapse. The scanning electron microscopy observed on the surface of the iodine-coated titanium plates an iodine coating with scattered irregular collapses in different sizes. The iodine content was 0 mass%, 5.10 mass%, 10.32 mass% and 15.05 mass%, respectively, in the control, 1,000 mg/L, 2,000 mg/L and 4 000 mg/L groups under the energy dispersive spectroscopy. Their counts of in vitro antibacterial colony were 56.00±5.09, 21.40±2.76, 9.10±2.51, and 2.00±1.88, respectively, showing significant differences between groups ( P< 0.05). Conclusions:A titanium plate with a steady and even iodine coating can be prepared by virtue of the electrophoretic deposition method in electrolyte of potassium iodide. The antibacterial property of an iodine-coated titanium plate is superior to that of a titanium plate without iodine coating.

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics of diabetic patients combined with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and to compare the prognosis between diabetic and non- diabetic patients in 4-5 years after the onset of AMI. Methods: Followed the certain inclusive and exclusive criteria, a total of 420 patients with acute myocardial infarction were included and divided into diabetes group (group D) and non-diabetes group (group N) with numbers as 161 people and 259 respectively. Baseline data, clinical information, short-term outcome and long-term prognosis of the two groups were compared and analyzed. Results: Among the patients with diabetes, the average age was older (65.65±11.33 vs. 63.30±15.34), with fewer males (64.59% vs. 79.92%); and more likely to have other complications as hypertension (64.60% vs. 53.28%) or hyperlipidemia (42.24% vs. 26.25%). 59.29% of the patients in group D showed pathological changes in 3 major coronary arteries, which were significantly more than its counterpart (40.83%). The proportion of patients that had undergone the coronary artery bypass, grafting (11.11% vs. 5.31%) appeared also higher. There was no significant difference seen in the short-term outcomes between the two groups, but results from the long-term follow-up program showed that both the incidence of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events (MACE) (50.67% vs. 27.72%) and the all-cause mortality (20.00% vs. 9.90%) in group D were higher than those appeared in group N (27.72%). Conclusions Patients suffered from the combination of both diabetes and acute myocardial infarction appeared older in age, more in females, with more complications and the coronary artery lesions were more severe and wider. During hospitalization, no significant difference was seen regarding the short-term outcomes between the two groups but the results from long-term follow-up process showing that the risk of MACE events was significantly higher in patients with type2 diabetes.