The traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） myocardial infarction （MI） unit is a standardized， regulated， and continuous integrated care unit guided by TCM theory and built upon existing chest pain centers or emergency care units. This unit emphasizes multidisciplinary collaboration and forms a restructured clinical entity without altering current departmental settings， offering comprehensive diagnostic and therapeutic services with full participation of TCM in the treatment of MI. Its core medical model is patient-centered and disease-focused， providing horizontally integrated TCM-based care across multiple specialties and vertically constructing a full-cycle treatment unit for MI， delivering prevention， treatment， and rehabilitation during the acute， stable， and recovery phases. Additionally， the unit establishes a TCM-featured education and prevention mechanism for MI to guide patients in proactive health management， reduce the incidence of myocardial infarction， and improve quality of life.

Metastasis remains the primary cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) represent critical targets for metastasis prevention and treatment. Traditional Chinese medicine may prevent lung cancer metastasis through long-term intervention in CTC activity. Tiao-Shen-Zhi-Ai Formular (TSZAF) represents a Chinese medicine compound prescription utilized clinically for lung cancer treatment. This study combined three principal active ingredients from TSZAF into a novel TSZAF monomer combination (TSZAF mc) to investigate its anti-metastatic effects and mechanisms. TSZAF mc demonstrated significant inhibition of proliferation, migration, and invasion in CTC-TJH-01 and LLC cells, while inducing cellular apoptosis in vitro. Moreover, TSZAF mc substantially inhibited LLC cell growth and metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, TAZSF mc significantly suppressed the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and CXCL5 expression in lung cancer cells and tissues. Additionally, TAZSF mc notably reduced neutrophil infiltration in metastatic lesions. These findings indicate that TSZAF mc inhibits lung cancer growth and metastasis by suppressing the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and reducing CXCL5 secretion, thereby decreasing neutrophil recruitment and infiltration. TSZAF mc demonstrates potential as an effective therapeutic agent for lung cancer metastasis.
Lung Neoplasms/genetics* ; Wnt Signaling Pathway/drug effects* ; Animals ; Humans ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology* ; Mice ; Neoplasm Metastasis/prevention & control* ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects* ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Neutrophil Infiltration/drug effects* ; Down-Regulation/drug effects* ; Cell Movement/drug effects* ; beta Catenin/genetics* ; Apoptosis/drug effects* ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Male ; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating/drug effects*

Grooming,as an evolutionarily conserved repetitive behavior,is common in various animals,including humans,and serves essential functions including,but not limited to,hygiene maintenance,thermoregulation,de-arousal,stress reduction,and social behaviors.In rodents,grooming involves a patterned and sequenced structure,known as the syntactic chain with four phases that comprise repeated stereotyped movements happening in a cephalocaudal progression style,beginning from the nose to the face,to the head,and finally ending with body licking.The context-dependent occurrence of grooming behavior indicates its adaptive significance.This review briefly summarizes the neural substrates responsible for rodent grooming behavior and explores its relevance in rodent models of neuropsychiatric disorders and neurodegenerative diseases with aberrant grooming phenotypes.We further emphasize the utility of rodent grooming as a reliable measure of repetitive behavior in neuropsychiatric models,holding promise for translational psychiatry.Herein,we mainly focus on rodent self-grooming.Allogrooming(grooming being applied on one animal by its conspecifics via licking or carefully nibbling)and heterogrooming(a form of grooming behavior directing towards another animal,which occurs in other contexts,such as maternal,sexual,aggressive,or social behaviors)are not covered due to space constraints.

Humans ; Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; Pancreas ; Needles

OBJECTIVE: Our study aimed to conduct genomic characterization of Salmonella strains carrying the bla _NDM-1 gene in the intestinal tract of healthy individuals. The objectives were to underscore the importance of genomic surveillance for drug resistance in both commensal and pathogenic bacteria among healthy populations, and to establish protocols for regulating drug resistance plasmids based on the completion of a comprehensive map of drug resistance plasmid genomes. METHODS: We performed antimicrobial susceptibility testing and employed second- and third-generation sequencing techniques to analyze Salmonella strains harboring the bla _NDM-1 gene, to surveil drug-resistant bacteria in the intestines of healthy subjects. Sequence comparison was conducted using both core- and pan-genome approaches. Concurrently, conjugation experiments were carried out to assess the efficiency of plasmid transfer. RESULTS: We isolated a carbapenem-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strain from a healthy food worker in China. This strain harbored an IncHI2/IncHI2A plasmid carrying bla _NDM-1 along with multiple antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Our findings highlight the potential for asymptomatic carriers to facilitate the transmission of ARGs. Pan-genomic analysis revealed that bla _NDM-1-positive plasmids could traverse bacterial species barriers, facilitating cross-host transmission. CONCLUSION This study marks the first detection of bla _NDM-1 in Salmonella strains isolated from healthy individuals. We underscore the risk associated with the transmission of conjugative hybrid plasmids carrying bla _NDM-1, which have the potential to be harbored and transmitted among healthy individuals. Enhanced surveillance of drug-resistant pathogens and plasmids in the intestinal microbiota of healthy individuals could provide insights into the risk of ARG transmission and pathways for population-wide dissemination via ARG transfer factors.
beta-Lactamases/genetics* ; Plasmids/genetics* ; Humans ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology* ; China ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Salmonella typhimurium/isolation & purification* ; Salmonella/isolation & purification* ; Salmonella Infections/microbiology*

Objective:To investigate the expression of the B cell ectopic gene 2 (BTG2) in the pancreatic cancer tissue and analyze its relationship with the clinicopathological features and prognosis.Methods:46 pairs of pancreatic cancer tissues and corresponding adjacent tissues kept in paraffin in the pathology department, and 9 fresh pancreatic cancer tissues and corresponding adjacent tissues resected by surgery in Department of Pancreatic Surgery of Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital from June 2015 to December 2020 were collected. BTG2 gene expression in 46 pairs of pancreatic cancer tissues and corresponding adjacent tissues were detected by immunohistochemical staining, and high and low BTG2 expression groups were divided. BTG2 gene expression in 9 fresh pancreatic cancer tissues and corresponding adjacent tissues were detected by RT-PCR. The correlation between BTG2 protein expression level and clinicopathological features was analyzed. Furthermore, the survival curve and death risk curve were drawn using the Kaplan-Meier method, and the Cox regression hazards model was applied for the univariate and multivariate analysis of the factors affecting the prognosis of pancreatic cancer.Results:29 of 46 (63.04%) pancreatic cancer tissues had high BTG2 expression, and 38(82.61%) of corresponding adjacent tissues had high BTG2 expression; and BTG2 high expression rate of adjacent tissues was significantly higher than that of cancer tissues. Three out of 9 pancreatic cancer tissues were highly differentiated, and six cases had medium-and low differentiation. The BTG2 expression of highly differentiated pancreatic carcinoma was significantly higher than that of moderately and poorly differentiated carcinoma tissues [(0.66±0.07 vs 0.24±0.18); the expression level of adjacent tissues was significantly higher than that of cancer tissues (1.00±0.00 vs 0.38±0.30), and all differences were statistically significant (all P values <0.001). Low BTG2 expression in pancreatic cancer was associated with low tumor differentiation and vascular invasion (all P values <0.05), but was not correlated with tumor location, volume, lymph node metastasis, CA19-9 level and postoperative liver metastasis. The median survival of high BTG2 expression group was significantly longer than that of low BTG2 expression group (525 d vs 266 d, P<0.001). Among patients with survival time ≥300 d, the survival time was significantly higher in the high BTG2 expression group than in the BTG2 low expression group (616±135d vs 426±113 d), and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.001). Among patients with survival time <300 d, there was no significant difference between BTG2 high and low expression group. The results of the univariate analysis showed that tumor differentiation degree, vascular invasion, BTG2 expression, CA19-9 levels, and postoperative liver metastasis were all associated with the prognosis of pancreatic cancer. The results of the multivariate analysis showed that BTG2 expression level ( HR=2.572, 95% CI1.140-5.802, P=0.023), vascular invasion ( HR=0.023, 95% CI0.072-0.572, P=0.003) and postoperative liver metastasis ( HR=0.240, 95% CI0.102-0.564, P<0.001) were independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer. Conclusions:BTG2 expression in pancreatic cancer tissues was significantly lower than that in adjacent tissues, and its low expression was associated with strong aggressiveness, low differentiation degree and poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer. The effect of BTG2 on the prognosis in pancreatic cancer patients was mainly in the long term.

Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics, diagnostic methods, treatment strategies, and curative efficacies of epilepsy secondary to cerebral sparganosis.Methods:A retrospective analysis on clinical data of 62 patients with epilepsy caused by cerebral sparganosis diagnosed in our hospital from July 2004 to May 2019 was performed. According to the treatment intention of the patients, these patients were divided into surgery group ( n=39) and drug deworming group ( n=23). Patients in the surgery group were treated with craniotomy assisted by navigation to remove worms and lesions, and patients without live worms were treated with lesion resection or cortical burning. Patients in the drug deworming group were treated with praziquantel at a dose of 60 mg/(kg·d) with 10 d as a course of treatment; the next course of treatment was followed at an interval of 2 months, and ended until the standard of cure was achieved. All patients were followed up for 1-8 years, and the prognoses were determined according to the imaging data, clinical symptom improvement and sparganosis antibody IgG detection results. The epilepsy control 1 year after treatment was assessed by modified Engel grading. Results:Live worms were removed from 34 patients of the surgery group, with a total of 35 worms; after 1-8 years of follow-up, 34 patients were cured and 5 patients were not cured in the surgery group; however, 7 patients were cured and 16 patients were not cured in the drug deworming group; the cure rate in the surgery group was signficantly higher than that in the drug deworming group ( P=0.000). Modified Engel grading I was achieved in 36 patients, grading II in 2 patients, grading III in 0, and IV in 1 patient of the surgery group; modified Engel grading I was achieved in 9 patients, grading II in 3, grading III in 5, and grading IV in 6 patients of the drug deworming group; significant differences were noted between the two groups ( Z=203.000, P=0.000); the mean rank suggested that the surgery group had better efficacy than the drug deworming group(25.21 vs. 42.17). Conclusion:The successful surgical removal of live worms with the help of modern neurosurgery technology has better efficacy than drug deworming treatment in the epilepsy secondary to cerebral sparganosis.

Rare bleeding disorders (RBD) are autosomal recessive inherited diseases caused by one or more coagulation factor defects, including the deficiency of fibrinogen (FG), prothrombin, factor (F)V, Ⅶ, Ⅹ，Ⅺ, Ⅷ and so on. Due to the low prevalence of RBD, and lack of large-scale randomized controlled studies in the world, where are great challenges to clinicians in diagnosis and treatment of this series of diseases. Facing in the heterogeneity of clinical phenotype and laboratory characteristics, it is more necessary to strengthen the communication and cooperation between the clinical and laboratory, realizing comprehensive management.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathologic features and mutational landscape of patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)–related advanced hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) undergoing transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). Materials and Methods: From January 2017 to December 2018, 38 patients newly diagnosed with HBV-related advanced HCC were enrolled in the final analysis. Their pathological tissues and corresponding blood samples before TACE treatment were collected for whole-exome sequencing. Response to TACE was evaluated at 1-3 months after two consecutive use of TACE. Predictive factors were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analyses in a bivariate Logistic regression model. Enrichment of related pathways of all driver genes were acquired using the gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Results: Among 38 patients, 23 (60.5%) exhibited TACE failure/refractoriness. Patients with TACE failure/refractoriness showed higher frequency of TP53 mutation than their counterparts (p=0.020). Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that only vascular invasion and TP53 mutation were significantly correlated with TACE failure/refractoriness in HBV-related advanced HCC. Of the 16 patients without vascular invasion, eight (50.0%) had TP53 mutations, and TP53 mutation was associated with TACE failure/refractoriness (p=0.041). Moreover, GSEA showed that mitogen-activated protein kinase and apoptosis pathways induced by TP53 mutation were possibly associated with TACE failure/refractoriness. Conclusion Our study suggested that TP53 mutation was independently related with TACE efficacy, which may work via mitogen-activated protein kinase and apoptosis pathways. These findings may provide evidence to help distinguish patients who will particularly benefit from TACE from those who require more personalized therapeutic regimens and rigorous surveillance in HBV-related advanced HCC.

Objective To explore the CT dominant phase and optimal classification model in differenting clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) from fat‐poor angiomyolipoma (fpAML) through quantitative multiple‐phase CT radiomic features analysis. Methods Clinical and imaging data of 195 cases pathologically confirmed ccRCC (n=131) and fpAML (n=64) were retrospectively studied. All the patients underwent non‐contrast enhanced CT scans and dynamic multi‐phase (corticomedullary phase, medullary phase and excretion phase) contrast‐enhanced CT scans. Regions of interest (ROIs) were manually delineated based on the selected image slices with the maximal diameter of the lesion using ITK‐SNAP software, followed by the acquisition of candidate CT radiomic feature sets from each phase with statistically significant differences by using Mann‐Whitney U test. Then, using the synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE), 232 classification models which are composed of 29 different feature selection algorithms (top 10 features were chosen by the backward elimination method) and 8 different classifiers were constructed. Employing the 5‐fold cross‐validation method, the performance of each classification models for each phase was evaluated using accuracy (ACC), sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE) and area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), to acquire dominant CT phases and the optimal classification models for distingushing ccRCC and fpAML, along with the key imaging radiomic features. Results In this study, the mean maximal diameter of ccRCC and fpAML lesions were (3.9±1.4) cm, and (3.5±1.7) cm, respectively, and there was no statistically significant difference in the size of the tumor between two groups (P>0.05). From 102 initial imaging feature sets, the total number of candidate imaging feature sets (P<0.05) were:non‐enhanced phase (n=26), corticomedullary phase (n=71), medullary phase (n=68), excretion phase (n=62). Among the 232 classification models through different combination of classifiers and feature selectors, the amount of classification models which achieved the maximum of AUC value (AUCmax) from different CT phases were: non‐enhanced phase (n=106, 45.7%), corticomedullary phase (n=94, 40.5%), medullary phase (n=23, 9.9%), excretion phase (n=9, 3.9%). Imaging features from non‐enhanced phase and corticomedullary phase yielded higher performance compared with medullary phase and excretion phase, with the corresponding optimal prediction models were SVM‐fisher_score (AUC: 0.897, ACC: 83%, SEN: 84%, SPE:80%) and Logistic Regression‐RFS (AUC: 0.891, ACC: 83%, SEN: 81%, SPE: 89%), respectively. Conclusions The quantitative imaging features from non‐enhanced and corticomedullary phase have better performance among proposed classification models than that from medullary phase and excretion phase. Furthermore, it is feasible to acquire proper combination of feature selection and classifiers to achieve high performance in identifying ccRCC and fpAML.