Objective To explore method for improving the colonization efficiency of Helicobacter pylori(Hp)in the mouse stomach and to determine if the proton pump inhibitor(PPI)pantoprazole can act as a colonization adjuvant to enhance Hp colonization,with the aim of providing an effective tool for establishing an Hp infection mouse model.Methods The Hp Sydney strain 1(SS1)was introduced and solid plate and liquid culture systems were established.The effects of different doses of pantoprazole on gastric acid secretion in mice were compared.The impact of Hp inoculation,alone or combined with pantoprazole pretreatment,on Hp colonization efficiency was analyzed using rapid urease tests,bacterial plate cultures,and TaqMan quantitative polymerase chain reaction.Results PPI pretreatment inhibited gastric acid secretion and promoted Hp colonization in the mouse stomach,to some extent.Conclusions PPI can serve as colonization adjuvants to enhanc e the efficiency of constructing Hp infection mouse models.

Objective To establish a method for the simultaneous determination of peimine,peiminine,and hupehenine in Juhong pills,to investigate the raw material usage of Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.,and to preliminarily develop a detection approach for identifying adulteration with Fritillaria hupehensis Hsiao et K.C.Hsia.Methods The high-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadruple mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS)was performed on an Agilent Poroshell 120 SB C18 column(2.1 mm×100 mm,2.7 μm)with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-methanol(1∶1)and 0.1%formic acid under gradient elution.The flow rate was set at 0.3 mL·min-1.The column temperature was maintained at 35℃,and the injection volume was 2 μL.Electrospray ionization(ESI)in positive ion mode and multiple reaction monitoring were employed to quantify the three components in 170 batches of Juhong pills.Simulated positive samples with varying adulteration ratios of Fritillaria hupehensis Hsiao et K.C.Hsia were prepared to establish a simple yet efficient detection limit for adulteration.Results Three components showed good linear correlation within their ranges(r≥0.997 5),and the averaged recoveries ranged from 92.0%-106.2%.A total of 61 batches were suspected of Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.adulteration with Fritillaria hupehensis Hsiao et K.C.Hsia in raw material inputs,with the peimine to peiminine ratio below 1.15.Among these samples,27 batches were large honey-bound pills with hupehenine levels of 2.636-9.939 μg·g-1;34 batches were water-honeyed pills showing significantly higher hupehenine contamination at 6.752-48.137 μg·g-1.Conclusion The established method is simple,reliable,and accurate for the quality control of Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.adulteration in Juhong pills without imposing significant additional costs.

Objective To explore method for improving the colonization efficiency of Helicobacter pylori(Hp)in the mouse stomach and to determine if the proton pump inhibitor(PPI)pantoprazole can act as a colonization adjuvant to enhance Hp colonization,with the aim of providing an effective tool for establishing an Hp infection mouse model.Methods The Hp Sydney strain 1(SS1)was introduced and solid plate and liquid culture systems were established.The effects of different doses of pantoprazole on gastric acid secretion in mice were compared.The impact of Hp inoculation,alone or combined with pantoprazole pretreatment,on Hp colonization efficiency was analyzed using rapid urease tests,bacterial plate cultures,and TaqMan quantitative polymerase chain reaction.Results PPI pretreatment inhibited gastric acid secretion and promoted Hp colonization in the mouse stomach,to some extent.Conclusions PPI can serve as colonization adjuvants to enhanc e the efficiency of constructing Hp infection mouse models.

Objective To establish a method for the simultaneous determination of peimine,peiminine,and hupehenine in Juhong pills,to investigate the raw material usage of Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.,and to preliminarily develop a detection approach for identifying adulteration with Fritillaria hupehensis Hsiao et K.C.Hsia.Methods The high-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadruple mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS)was performed on an Agilent Poroshell 120 SB C18 column(2.1 mm×100 mm,2.7 μm)with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-methanol(1∶1)and 0.1%formic acid under gradient elution.The flow rate was set at 0.3 mL·min-1.The column temperature was maintained at 35℃,and the injection volume was 2 μL.Electrospray ionization(ESI)in positive ion mode and multiple reaction monitoring were employed to quantify the three components in 170 batches of Juhong pills.Simulated positive samples with varying adulteration ratios of Fritillaria hupehensis Hsiao et K.C.Hsia were prepared to establish a simple yet efficient detection limit for adulteration.Results Three components showed good linear correlation within their ranges(r≥0.997 5),and the averaged recoveries ranged from 92.0%-106.2%.A total of 61 batches were suspected of Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.adulteration with Fritillaria hupehensis Hsiao et K.C.Hsia in raw material inputs,with the peimine to peiminine ratio below 1.15.Among these samples,27 batches were large honey-bound pills with hupehenine levels of 2.636-9.939 μg·g-1;34 batches were water-honeyed pills showing significantly higher hupehenine contamination at 6.752-48.137 μg·g-1.Conclusion The established method is simple,reliable,and accurate for the quality control of Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.adulteration in Juhong pills without imposing significant additional costs.

Objective:To investigate the relationships among coping styles,negative life events,meaning in life,and psychological resilience in adolescents.Methods:A total of 1 434 adolescents aged 13 to 17 years comple-ted online questionnaire survey.The Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ),Adolescent Self-Rating Life E-vents Checklist(ASLEC),Chinese Meaning in Life Questionnaire(C-MLQ),and Connor-Davidson resilience scale(CD-RISC)were used to assess coping styles,perceived impact of negative life events,experience and pursuit of meaning in life,and ability to cope with and adapt to adversity,respectively.Logistic regression was used to explore the associations among these variables.Results:A total of 723 students(50.4％)tended to adopt negative coping styles when facing adverse events.Positive coping styles were negatively associated with being in senior high school(OR=0.62,P＜0.05)and impact of life events(OR=0.97,P＜0.001),while positively associated with sense of meaning in life(OR=1.04,P＜0.001)and psychological resilience(OR=1.04,P＜0.001).Conclusion:Among adolescents,positive coping styles are inversely associated with impact of negative life events,and positively associ-ated with both the sense of life meaning and psychological resilience.

Objective: To analyze the results of national external quality assessment (EQA) for transfusion compatibility test from 2018 to 2023, with the aim of providing references for improving laboratory testing quality and ensuring the safety of clinical blood transfusion. Methods: Three EQA programs were conducted annually, each distributing 22 quality assessment samples. Participating transfusion laboratories were required to complete testing within specified deadlines and to submit results along with documentation of testing methodologies, reagents, and equipment used. National Center for Clinical Laboratories (NCCL) conducted statistical analysis of laboratory results, evaluated testing outcomes and related circumstances, and provided feedback to participating laboratories. EQA data from transfusion laboratories across China from 2018 to 2023 were collected and systematically analyzed. Results: From 2018 to 2023, the qualification rates for all five items (ABO forward typing, ABO reverse typing, Rh blood group typing, antibody screening, and cross-matching) were 67.59%, 77.11%, 77.38%, 72.78%, 79.96%, and 85.16%, respectively. The mean qualification rates for ABO forward typing, ABO reverse typing, RhD blood group typing, antibody screening, and cross-matching over the past six years were 96.25%±0.59%, 90.45%±4.52%, 96.05%±0.71%, 90.88%±2.86%, and 88.34%±3.48%, respectively. The qualification rates in 2019, 2020, 2022, and 2023 all showed a stable trend of "blood stations>tertiary hospitals>secondary hospitals". The mean qualification rate of laboratories in secondary hospitals from 2018 to 2023 was significantly lower than those of laboratories in tertiary hospitals and blood stations (P<0.05), while no significant difference was observed between laboratories in tertiary hospitals and blood stations (P>0.05). The micro column agglutination method was the most widely used in all five tests. In the four test items, namely ABO forward typing, ABO reverse typing, antibody screening, and cross-matching, there was a statistically significant difference in the qualification rate of micro column agglutination method compared to other methods (P<0.05). There was a statistical difference in the qualification rate between manual and automated detection using micro column agglutination method in the cross-matching tests (P<0.05), whereas no significant difference was noted for the other test items (P>0.05). Conclusion: From 2018 to 2023, the number of laboratories participating in EQA activities has been increasing year by year, and the qualification rate has shown an overall upward trend. The type of laboratory is a key factor affecting the qualification rate, and the testing capabilities of some laboratories still need to be improved. The micro column agglutination method is widely used in transfusion compatibility tests. The established EQA program effectively monitors quality issues in laboratories, drives continuous improvement, and ensures sustained enhancement of testing standards to safeguard clinical blood safety.

Objective:To investigate the relationships among coping styles,negative life events,meaning in life,and psychological resilience in adolescents.Methods:A total of 1 434 adolescents aged 13 to 17 years comple-ted online questionnaire survey.The Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ),Adolescent Self-Rating Life E-vents Checklist(ASLEC),Chinese Meaning in Life Questionnaire(C-MLQ),and Connor-Davidson resilience scale(CD-RISC)were used to assess coping styles,perceived impact of negative life events,experience and pursuit of meaning in life,and ability to cope with and adapt to adversity,respectively.Logistic regression was used to explore the associations among these variables.Results:A total of 723 students(50.4％)tended to adopt negative coping styles when facing adverse events.Positive coping styles were negatively associated with being in senior high school(OR=0.62,P＜0.05)and impact of life events(OR=0.97,P＜0.001),while positively associated with sense of meaning in life(OR=1.04,P＜0.001)and psychological resilience(OR=1.04,P＜0.001).Conclusion:Among adolescents,positive coping styles are inversely associated with impact of negative life events,and positively associ-ated with both the sense of life meaning and psychological resilience.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of Yes-associated protein 1(YAP1)ameliorating aristolochic acid 1(AAI)-induced liver injury in mice based on untargeted metabolomics techniques.Methods There were 83-week-old male hepatocyte-specific Yap1 gene knockout mice(genotyped as Yap1Flox/Flox,Albumin-Cre,aka.Yap1LKO)were randomly selected as the Yap1LKO+AAI group,and 8 Yap1Flox control mice as the Yap1Flox+AAI group.Both groups were injected intraperitoneally with AAI at a dose of 2.5 mg·kg-1·d-1 for 14 consecutive days.Genotypes were identified by tail PCR;serum alanine transaminase(ALT)and aspartate transaminase(AST)activities were determined by microplate assay;histopathological changes of liver tissue were observed by HE staining;and the protein expression of YAP1 in liver tissue was determined by immunohistochemistry.The untargeted metabolomics approach was used to analyze the liver tissue differential metabolites,and the samples were analyzed by ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-electrostatic field orbit trap high-resolution mass spectrometry,and the differential metabolites were screened by principal component analysis(PCA),Partial least square-discriminant analysis(PLS-DA),and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA);using HMDB database and METLIN database to identify metabolites,and the pathway enrichment of differential metabolites was analyzed by KEGG database.Results(1)After 14 days of AAI induction,the increase of body mass in Yap1LKO mice was lower than that in Yap1Flox mice,but there was no statistical significance(P＞0.05).On day 14,compared with the Yap1Flox+AAI group,the serum ALT and AST enzyme activities in the Yap1LKO+AAI group of mice were significantly increased(P＜0.05),and the histopathological damage of the liver was significantly aggravated.The livers of the Yap1Flox mice had a positive protein expression of YAP1,whereas the Yap1LKO mice did not have a positive protein expression of YAP1.(2)A total of 139 differential metabolites with significant changes(VIP＞1 and P＜0.05)were screened by metabonomic analysis;compared with Yap1LKO+ AAI group,62 liver metabolites in Yap1Flox+AAI group were up-regulated,including choline,taurine,hypotaurine,α-linolenic acid,eleostearic acid,chenodeoxycholic acid and so on.Seventy-seven metabolites were down-regulated including glycerophosphocholine,L-phosphatidylcholine,L-glutamine,L-serine,L-glutathione,5-methionine,phenylalanine,glucose 6-phosphate,lactic acid,uric acid glycosides,etc..KEGG-enriched pathways were mainly choline metabolism,glycerophospholipid metabolism,insulin resistance,glutathione metabolism,etc..Conclusion Hepatocyte-specific Yap1 gene knockout exacerbated AAI-induced liver injury in mice,and YAP1 was involved in the regulation of choline metabolism and glycerophospholipid metabolism through the up-regulation of unsaturated fatty acids,such as choline and taurine,which ameliorated AAI-induced liver injury in mice.

Objective To evaluate the change of cardiac structure and function in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy(HOCM)after ultrasound-guided percutaneous intramyocardial septal radiofrequency ablation(PIMSRA)via cardiac magnetic resonance(CMR).Methods Patients with HOCM who underwent PIMSRA,echocardiography and CMR preoperative scanning and one year after surgery were analyzed retrospectively.Myocardial structural and functional parameters were measured by Circle cardiovascular imaging post-processing software.The changes of myocardial parameters before and after surgery were compared by using paired sample t-test and Chi-square test.Results Compared with the preoperative assessment,patients'clinical symptoms and the cardiac function were significantly improved one year after surgery.The left ventricular outflow tract pressure gradient(LVOT-PG)was significantly decreased and length of mitral regurgitation was shortened one year after surgery compared with before surgery via ultrasound(P<0.05).Compared with the preoperative assessment,CMR showed that patients with end-systolic volume of left atrium,minimum volume of left atrium,transverse diameter of left atrium,thickness of ventricular septum and free wall of left ventricular at end-systolic section were significantly reduced,and left ventricular mass(LVM)was significantly decreased one year after surgery,with statistical significance between before and after surgery(P<0.001).One year after surgery,the left atrium ejection fraction(LAEF)was significantly increased(P<0.05),the maximum slope and the maximum signal intensity of the ventricular septum and the left ventricular free wall of the papillary muscle were significantly increased(P<0.001),and the peak time was significantly decreased(P<0.001)compared with before surgery.Conclusion After PIMSRA treatment,the systolic function of left atrium in HOCM patients is improved,and the microcirculation perfusion of left ventricular is significantly improved.

Objective:To explore whether disrupted colonization of the gut microbiota in early life accelerates the development of obesity later in life through programming adipose thermogenesis.Methods:Neonatal mice were treated with a mixture of antibiotics (ABX), and 16S rRNA sequencing confirmed that ABX treatment disrupted the establishment of gut microbiota. The mice were monitored for changes in body weight and fat content at weaning, adulthood, and under a high-fat diet (HFD) to assess obesity phenotypes. Additionally, glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance tests were conducted, along with measurements of blood glucose and lipid levels, to evaluate changes in glucose and lipid metabolism. The expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) in adipose tissue was assessed through immunohistochemistry and Western blotting to evaluate alterations in adipocyte thermogenic capacity.Results:The analysis of 16S rRNA sequencing technology revealed that ABX treatment significantly reduced both α- and β-diversity of the gut microbiota. Compared to untreated mice, the microbial composition in ABX treated mice showed significant differences, with a notable reduction in the abundance of beneficial bacteria, including Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group and Akkermansia muciniphila ( A. muciniphia). Subsequent monitoring indicated that ABX treatment did not affect body weight or fat content during the lactation period. However, a significant decrease in surface temperature was observed in the ABX group, specifically in the interscapular region. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot of UCP1 demonstrated impaired thermogenic capacity in adipose tissue. Interestingly, the impaired thermogenesis persisted in adult mice, leading to a decreased cold tolerance, although no changes of metabolic dysfunction, including body weight, body fat percentage, serum insulin and triglyceride levels, glucose tolerance, and insulin sensitivity. Upon switching to HFD, ABX-exposed mice exhibited significant increases in body weight, fat mass, and serum glucose, indicating a greater susceptibility to obesity. Further thermographic analysis and UCP1 detection suggested that this susceptibility to obesity was also linked to impaired thermogenic capacity in adipose tissue. Conclusion:Early-life gut microbiota is a critical determinant of long-term adipose thermogenesis. Disruption of the microbiota enhances the effect of diet-induced obesity.