Ulcerative colitis （UC） is a common digestive disease characterized by recurrence and remission alternation，which seriously affects the life quality and physical and mental health of patients. The pathogenesis of UC is complex，and studies have shown that the occurrence and development of UC are closely related to the transduction of multiple signaling pathways. The current western medicine treatment has many problems，such as single action target，more adverse reactions，poor patient tolerance，and easy recurrence after stopping the medicine. Traditional Chinese medicine has the advantages such as multi-targets，multi-pathways， and fewer adverse reactions， elucidating that the action mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of UC is the focus of current research. Therefore， this paper conducted a systematic review on how traditional Chinese medicine exerts therapeutic effects by regulating the signaling pathways related to UC in recent years，and it was found that traditional Chinese medicine can regulate nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB），adenylate-activated protein kinase （AMPK）/mammalian target of rapamycin （mTOR），Janus tyrosine protein kinase （JAK）/signal transducer and activator of transcription （STAT），phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase （PI3K） /protein kinase B （Akt），NOD-like receptor thermoprotein structural domain-related protein 3 （NLRP3）/cysteine protease-1 （Caspase-1），nuclear respiratory factor 2 （Nrf2）/heme oxygenase-1 （HO-1）， and several other pathways，thereby inhibiting oxidative stress and cellular pyroptosis，regulating the Tregs/Th17 cellular balance， promoting autophagic response and M2-type macrophage polarization，restoring the diversity and abundance of intestinal flora，promoting the repair of intestinal mucosal barrier function，and alleviating the inflammatory damage of UC colonic tissues. The holistic concept and evidence-based treatment of traditional Chinese medicine were combined with the modern molecular mechanism research of traditional Chinese medicine， and the traditional Chinese medicine combinations with different mechanisms， following regulation， were formulated into compound formulas or pairs of medicines according to the pattern of evidence. It is expected to achieve better therapeutic efficacy and to provide ideas and references for the modification of classic compound formulae of traditional Chinese medicine in UC treatment and clinical translation.

BACKGROUND:Cell-free therapy is a research hotspot in the field of medical cosmetic anti-aging.It is still unknown for paracellular secretion of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles loaded with the antiaging drug α-ketoglutaric acid to delay skin aging.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of the anti-aging agent α-ketoglutarate engineered human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles in a D-galactose-induced model of dermal fibroblast senescence.METHODS:(1)Biological characteristics of primary human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells were identified by osteogenic-lipogenic differentiation staining and flow cytometry.(2)The small extracellular vesicles derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell were obtained by using differential-ultracentrifugation.α-Ketoglutarate-engineered human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-small extracellular vesicles were constructed by electroporation,and biologically characterized by transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analyzer,while the encapsulation rate was assessed using high-performance liquid chromatography.(3)The effect of α-ketoglutarate on the proliferative capacity of dermal fibroblasts was assessed by CCK-8 and Edu cell proliferation assay kits.(4)The effect of α-ketoglutarate-engineered human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-small extracellular vesicles on delaying the senescence of dermal fibroblasts was evaluated by reactive oxygen species detection kit,western blot assay,and cellular immunofluorescence.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The obtained human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell and human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-small extracellular vesicles were biologically compatible.(2)There was no toxic effect on dermal fibroblasts when α-ketoglutarate was used in the concentration range of 0.5-8 mmol/L.(3)D-gal induced senescence in dermal fibroblasts,while α-ketoglutarate-engineered human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-small extracellular vesicles treatment reduced the level of oxidative stress,DNA damage,and collagen loss,which was further verified that α-ketoglutarate-engineered human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-small extracellular vesicles could effectively slow down the skin aging process.

BACKGROUND:Cell-free therapy is a research hotspot in the field of medical cosmetic anti-aging.It is still unknown for paracellular secretion of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles loaded with the antiaging drug α-ketoglutaric acid to delay skin aging.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of the anti-aging agent α-ketoglutarate engineered human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles in a D-galactose-induced model of dermal fibroblast senescence.METHODS:(1)Biological characteristics of primary human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells were identified by osteogenic-lipogenic differentiation staining and flow cytometry.(2)The small extracellular vesicles derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell were obtained by using differential-ultracentrifugation.α-Ketoglutarate-engineered human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-small extracellular vesicles were constructed by electroporation,and biologically characterized by transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analyzer,while the encapsulation rate was assessed using high-performance liquid chromatography.(3)The effect of α-ketoglutarate on the proliferative capacity of dermal fibroblasts was assessed by CCK-8 and Edu cell proliferation assay kits.(4)The effect of α-ketoglutarate-engineered human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-small extracellular vesicles on delaying the senescence of dermal fibroblasts was evaluated by reactive oxygen species detection kit,western blot assay,and cellular immunofluorescence.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The obtained human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell and human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-small extracellular vesicles were biologically compatible.(2)There was no toxic effect on dermal fibroblasts when α-ketoglutarate was used in the concentration range of 0.5-8 mmol/L.(3)D-gal induced senescence in dermal fibroblasts,while α-ketoglutarate-engineered human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-small extracellular vesicles treatment reduced the level of oxidative stress,DNA damage,and collagen loss,which was further verified that α-ketoglutarate-engineered human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-small extracellular vesicles could effectively slow down the skin aging process.

Objective: To analyze the regulatory effect of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. extract on the immune function of mice, so as to provide a reference for the study of the mechanism of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. regulating immune function. Methods: Forty-eight SPF healthy male ICR mice were randomly divided into control group and low (0.5 g/kg), medium (2.0 g/kg), and high (4.0 g/kg) dose groups, with 12 mice in each group. The mice in control group were given the pure water by gavage once a day, while the mice in each dose group were given the corresponding dose of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. extract by gavage once a day. The delayed allergy test was performed for 28 consecutive days. Sixty SPF healthy male ICR mice were randomly divided into a control group, polyinosinic acid injection group (model group), and low, medium, and high dose groups, with 12 mice in each group. The mice in control group were given the pure water by gavage once a day, while the mice in each dose group were given the corresponding dose of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. extract by gavage once a day for 14 consecutive days. On days 13 and 14 of administration, the mice in the model group and each dose group were intraperitoneally injected with sterile polyinosinic acid solution to perform the immunosuppressive experiment induced by polyinosinic acid. The mouse ear pieces were weighed, and the thymus and spleen of the mice were weighed and stained with HE to calculate the pathological scores. Peripheral blood was collected for blood cell detection and T cell classification. Results: Mice in each group had normal feeding, activity, and growth status, and no abnormality was observed. In the delayed allergy test, compared with the control group, the degree and rate of ear swelling in the low, medium and high dose groups were higher, the white blood cell count in the medium dose group was higher, and the absolute values of lymphocytes in the low and medium dose groups were higher (all P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the pathological scores of the thymus and spleen in the model group were higher (both P<0.05). In the immunosuppressive experiments in mice induced by polyinosinic acid, compared with the model group, the pathological score of the thymus in the high dose group was lower (P<0.05), and the boundary between the thymus cortex and medulla was improved. Conclusions Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. extract can increase the degree of ear swelling and peripheral blood white blood cell count in mice. High dose of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. extract can improve the thymus injury induced by polyinosinic acid, and has an immunomodulatory effect.

Objective: To summarize strategies for improving childhood hypertension, so as to provide evidencebased recommendations for poliymaking and practice childhood hypertension management in China. Methods: From March to April 2024, child health stakeholders from five districts in Hangzhou were selected using a combination of stratified and convenience sampling methods. Data were analyzed using a groundedtheory approach. During the indepth interview phase, six policymakers were interviewed. Focus group discussions were conducted with school administrators, healthcare providers, and parents, comprising a total of 62 participants. Results: Through threelevel coding, 116 initial categories were identified(e.g., "trend of younger age" "difficulty in behavior change"), 35 main categories (e.g., "higher incidence compared to the past" "caused by comprehensive influencing factors"), and 12 core categories (e.g., "epidemic status" "influencing factors"). Finally, the cognitive status, problem analysis, and management strategies of children hypertension were constructed. Conclusion Effective prevention and control of childhood hypertension requires coordinated efforts among governments, schools, families, and society to establish a comprehensive management system, with dynamic monitoring and evaluation to optimize policy implementation.

Objective:To investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of silent information regulator 1(SIRT1)on the dysfunction of umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs)induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein(ox-LDL).Methods:The impact of ox-LDL on the viability of HUVEC was assessed using the Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8)assay, which also facilitated the determination of the optimal ox-LDL concentration.Subsequent to ox-LDL treatment, several parameters were evaluated, including reactive oxygen species(ROS)production, apoptosis, migration, and angiogenesis, utilizing a ROS detection kit, flow cytometry, a Transwell migration assay, and an angiogenesis assay, respectively.The expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins, namely cleaved caspase-3(c-caspase-3), Bcl-2-associated X protein(Bax), B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2), SIRT1, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α(PGC-1α), were quantified using Western blot analysis.Adenoviral vectors were employed to either overexpress or silence SIRT1, while the ROS inhibitor N-acetylcysteine(NAC)was applied to assess its effects on cell function.Additionally, PGC-1α acetylation(Ac-Lys)was investigated through co-immunoprecipitation.Results:In the oxidative model of ox-LDL-stimulated HUVECs, compared to controls, we observed a significant increase in ROS-positive cells(35.9±3.1 vs.5.4±0.9), heightened apoptosis(16.3±0.9 vs.7.6±0.7), diminished endothelial cell migration capacity, and reduced angiogenic capacity.Additionally, there was an elevation in the pro-apoptotic protein c-caspase3 and Bax, alongside a decrease in the anti-apoptotic protein bcl-2.Furthermore, SIRT1 expression was increased, as was the expression of PGC-1α.In comparison to the GFP group(28.5±1.9), the reduction in SIRT1 expression resulted in an increase in apoptosis(37.0±1.9).Conversely, overexpression of SIRT1 mitigated ox-LDL-induced apoptosis(25.2±1.6)(all P<0.05).Notably, the expression levels of PGC-1α and SIRT1 exhibited consistent changes: PGC-1α expression increased with SIRT1 overexpression and decreased when SIRT1 expression was reduced(both P<0.05).The administration of NAC to the ox-LDL-treated group led to a reduction in ROS production( t=11.18, P<0.01)and a significant enhancement in cell function.Immunoprecipitation results indicated that SIRT1 overexpression decreased ox-LDL-induced PGC-1α acetylation( t=18.18, P<0.01), whereas silencing of SIRT1 further increased PGC-1α acetylation levels( t=-19.09, P<0.01). Conclusions:SIRT1 is shown to protect against ox-LDL-induced apoptosis and dysfunction in HUVECs by deacetylating and activating PGC-1α, thereby highlighting its therapeutic potential in the context of endothelial cell injury.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of purified donor CD34 positive hematopoietic stem cell (CD34 + cell) infusion in patients with poor graft function (PGF) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) . Methods:The clinical data of 25 patients with PGF who underwent donor CD34 + cell sorting and infusion at the Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences between September 2019 and March 2023, were retrospectively analyzed. The cohort included 19 haploidentical and 6 HLA-matched cases. CD34 + cells were purified using immunomagnetic beads for therapeutic infusion. The purification efficiency was evaluated based on the purity and recovery rate of CD34 + cells. Clinical outcomes were assessed by hematopoietic recovery, overall survival (OS) rate, and the incidence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) . Results:The median total number of CD34 + cells was 2.64 (0.82-6.53) × 10 8 before purification and 2.22 (0.48-5.68) ×10 8 after purification, with a median recovery rate of 78.37% (58.48%-115.72%) . After infusion of purified CD34 + cells, 8 of 10 patients (80.0%) with poor neutrophil engraftment achieved recovery (absolute neutrophil count ≥ 0.5×10 9/L) , with a median time to recovery of 21 (10-40) days. And 15 of 21 patients (71.4%) with poor platelet engraftment achieved recovery (platelet count ≥ 20×10 9/L) , with a median time to recovery of 15 (13-38) days. Only 3 patients (12.0%) developed GVHD after the infusion of purified CD34 + cells, including 2 cases of grade I acute GVHD and 1 case of limited chronic GVHD. With a median follow-up of 14.47 (0.23-41.63) months, the overall OS rate after CD34 + cell infusion was (65.63± 8.28) %. Seventeen patients survived, with a median survival time of 19.07 (0.23-41.63) months. Conclusion:Purification of CD34 + cells using immunomagnetic beads is effective, and the infusion of these purified donor CD34 + cells can safely and effectively improve PGF after allo-HSCT.

Objective:To explore the psychological experience of reproductive concerns in female patients of childbearing age with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and to provide evidence for formulating targeted intervention measures.Methods:From April to May 2024, phenomenological research methods of qualitative study and purposive sampling were used to conduct semi-structured interviews with 13 female SLE patients of childbearing age who were outpatient or hospitalized in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University. Colaizzi′s seven-step method was used for data analysis.Results:A total of 13 female patients of childbearing age with SLE were interviewed, aged 21-36 (27.08 ± 3.88) years. Six themes were identified: concerns about fertility, concerns about one′s own health, concerns about the safety of the offspring, concerns about unmet fertility information, the need for positive emotional transmission, negative psychological experience caused by childbearing related problems ( inferiority and depression caused by difficulty in maintaining intimate relationships, anxiety and guilt caused by reproductive pressure, pain and panic caused by failure reproductive experience, and restlessness and anxiety caused by the burden of reproductive costs).Conclusions:Female patients of childbearing age with SLE have many concerns about fertility issues. Medical staff should pay attention to the psychological experience related to fertility among female patients of childbearing age with SLE, and give targeted scientific and effective intervention to alleviate the negative psychological experience of patients with reproductive.

Objective:To understand the tobacco use situation and related factors among the occupational population in Beijing in 2018.Methods:The data were obtained from a special survey on “Healthy Beijing People—Ten-year Action Plan for Health Promotion (2009—2018)”. From June to September 2018, 12 908 participants were recruited from 16 districts of Beijing using the stratified sampling method combined with the typical sampling method. Questionnaires were conducted to collect basic information, work situations, tobacco exposure in public places, and smoking cessation. The Chi-square test was used to compare the differences in current smoking rates, smoking cessation rates and second-hand smoke exposure rates among participants with different characteristics. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the related factors of tobacco use.Results:The present smoking rate of the occupational population in Beijing was 18.0% (95% CI: 17.3%-18.7%), and the passive smoking exposure rate of non-smokers was 61.0% (95% CI: 60.1%-61.9%). The smoking cessation rate among the working population was 22.2% (95% CI: 20.7%-23.7%), and the proportion of current smokers with the intention to quit was 63.9% (1 485/2 325). The present smoking rate of employees of different genders, ages, education levels and occupational nature showed statistically significant differences ( P<0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that in males, compared with the age group of 16-29 years old, the risk of smoking increased in the age groups of 30-39 years old, 40-49 years old and over 50 years old [ OR (95% CI) values were 1.49 (1.27-1.74), 1.34 (1.13-1.59) and 1.30 (1.06-1.59)]. Compared with those with junior high school or lower education, participants with high school/vocational/college education group had a higher risk of smoking ( OR=1.38, 95% CI: 1.13-1.69), while those with master′s degree or above had a lower risk of smoking ( OR=0.30, 95% CI: 0.22-0.42). The physical workers ( OR=1.28, 95% CI: 1.11-1.47) had a higher risk of smoking than the mental workers. Conclusion:The current smoking rate among the occupational population in Beijing is lower than the national level during the same period, but the exposure rate to second-hand smoke is relatively high. Age, educational level, job nature and gender are related factors of smoking.

Objective To analyze the disability level and long-term care needs assessment policies issued by 49 pilot cities in China's long-term care insurance system,providing insights for further improvement of the system.Methods Policy documents related to long-term care insurance,published between June 2016 and December 2024 on official platforms of local governments,the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security,the National Healthcare Security Administration,and the National Public Service Platform for Standards Information,were retrieved.A comparative analysis was used to summarize and compare the content of these policy texts.Results Currently,there are 49 pilot cities implementing the long-term care insurance system in China.47 cities have issued disability level assessment standards,with 38 cities adopting the trial standards issued by the National Healthcare Security Administration.In 42 pilot cities,the disability level assessment includes indicators such as activities of daily living,cognitive function,and sensory and communication abilities.22 cities have issued policies related to care needs assessment.In most cities,the care needs assessment partially or fully includes indicators from the disability level assessment.Conclusion There is no national uniformity in disability level assessment standards,and the care needs assessment framework needs further improvement.It is recommended to standardize disability level assessment criteria,clearly delineate the boundaries and content of disability level and care needs assessments,and enhance the development of the care needs assessment system.