1.Research progress on clinical and molecular mechanisms of Xianglian pills in the treatment of ulcerative colitis
Ying LI ; Zaoyu ZHANG ; Rong DENG ; Jiale CHEN ; Yanlong LI
China Pharmacy 2025;36(20):2609-2614
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic intestinal autoimmune disease, with clinical manifestations including abdominal pain, diarrhea, mucus and bloody stools, and its pathogenesis is complex. The classic prescription Xianglian pills (XLP) has been widely used in the clinical treatment of UC in recent years. It has few adverse reactions, good patient tolerance, and shows significant potential for clinical application. However, there is currently no comprehensive integration of evidence on its clinical research and molecular mechanisms. Through a systematic review of the clinical research and molecular mechanisms of XLP in the treatment of UC, it is found that XLP and its modified formulas, when used in combination with chemical drugs, can significantly improve the symptoms of UC patients and reduce intestinal inflammation, with superior efficacy compared to chemical drugs alone. Its mechanism of action involves regulating pan-apoptosis, immune response, signaling pathways (hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, nuclear factor-κB, etc.), intestinal flora, and repairing the intestinal mucosal barrier. Its medicinal materials, monomers and active components can also prevent the differentiation of helper T cells 17 and restore the balance of M1/M2 cells through regulating multiple pathways such as Wnt/β -catenin and Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription, thereby reducing intestinal damage in UC.
2.Dual activation of GCGR/GLP1R signaling ameliorates intestinal fibrosis via metabolic regulation of histone H3K9 lactylation in epithelial cells.
Han LIU ; Yujie HONG ; Hui CHEN ; Xianggui WANG ; Jiale DONG ; Xiaoqian LI ; Zihan SHI ; Qian ZHAO ; Longyuan ZHOU ; JiaXin WANG ; Qiuling ZENG ; Qinglin TANG ; Qi LIU ; Florian RIEDER ; Baili CHEN ; Minhu CHEN ; Rui WANG ; Yao ZHANG ; Ren MAO ; Xianxing JIANG
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2025;15(1):278-295
Intestinal fibrosis is a significant clinical challenge in inflammatory bowel diseases, but no effective anti-fibrotic therapy is currently available. Glucagon receptor (GCGR) and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP1R) are both peptide hormone receptors involved in energy metabolism of epithelial cells. However, their role in intestinal fibrosis and the underlying mechanisms remain largely unexplored. Herein GCGR and GLP1R were found to be reduced in the stenotic ileum of patients with Crohn's disease as well as in the fibrotic colon of mice with chronic colitis. The downregulation of GCGR and GLP1R led to the accumulation of the metabolic byproduct lactate, resulting in histone H3K9 lactylation and exacerbated intestinal fibrosis through epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Dual activating GCGR and GLP1R by peptide 1907B reduced the H3K9 lactylation in epithelial cells and ameliorated intestinal fibrosis in vivo. We uncovered the role of GCGR/GLP1R in regulating EMT involved in intestinal fibrosis via histone lactylation. Simultaneously activating GCGR/GLP1R with the novel dual agonist peptide 1907B holds promise as a treatment strategy for alleviating intestinal fibrosis.
3.Engineered plant extracellular vesicles: Emerging nanoplatforms for combinational cancer immunotherapy.
Fucai CHEN ; Rongrong BAO ; Wanyi YANG ; Yijing LU ; Jiaxin GUO ; Wenjing CHEN ; Jiale LI ; Kuanhan FENG ; Wen ZHANG ; Liuqing DI ; Liang FENG ; Ruoning WANG
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2025;15(11):5663-5701
Plant-derived extracellular vesicles (PDEVs), describe a group of nanoparticles released by plants. These particles are characterized by a lipid bilayer structure containing various proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and unique metabolites. Although the study on PDEVs is relatively new, having only been around for ten years, they have shown promising development prospects in both basic research and clinical transformation areas. Evidence suggests that PDEVs have excellent application prospects in regulating inflammation and treating tumors. Their distinctive, vesicle-mimicking architecture and stellar biocompatibility render them prime candidates for ferrying various anti-cancer agents, including RNA, proteins, and conventional chemotherapy drugs. Increasingly, studies have shown that PDEVs can be engineered as an innovative platform for combination cancer immunotherapy. Consequently, this paper provides an extensive summary of current developments in engineering methods and strategies for PDEVs in cancer treatment and combined cancer immune therapeutics. The essential characteristics of PDEVs, including the biogenesis process and components, as well as their anti-tumor activity and mechanism, are summarized. Finally, the in vivo safety of PDEVs as delivery vectors and the challenges of scale-up production and clinical transformation are discussed.
4.Influence of NOD-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome on the development and progression of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and the interventional effect of traditional Chinese medicine
Jinxue ZHANG ; Junhong LIU ; Jiale CHEN ; Dan WANG ; Lining SU ; Yajie CHEN ; Xueqian LAI ; Miaolei WANG ; Yajing LI
Journal of Clinical Hepatology 2025;41(11):2365-2371
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a chronic liver disease with the main pathological features of hepatic steatosis, inflammatory cell infiltration, and interstitial fibroplasia, and it is an important risk factor for liver fibrosis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is the core of innate immunity, and the abnormal activation of NLRP3 inflammasome is closely associated with the development and progression of NASH, which involves multiple links such as inflammatory response and oxidative stress. A large number of studies have shown that the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and TCM compound prescriptions can improve oxidative stress, regulate lipid metabolism, and alleviate liver inflammation by regulating NLRP3 inflammasome. TCM treatment applied in clinical practice has achieved a good therapeutic effect, while inflammasome is one of the key pathways or targets for TCM in improving NASH. This article reviews the mechanism of action of NLRP3 inflammasome in NASH and the research advances in TCM intervention of NLRP3 inflammasome, in order to provide ideas for the clinical TCM treatment of NASH, as well as reference targets and research directions for the research and development of new TCM drugs.
5.Research progress of mechanism and risk factors of retinal vein occlusion
Shui LI ; Huajing YANG ; Jiale DAI ; Jianbin CHEN
International Eye Science 2024;24(1):72-76
Retinal vein occlusion(RVO), the second most prevalent retinal vascular disease, has complex pathophysiological mechanism. Except for mechanical pressure on blood vessel, inflammation and endothelin have been confirmed to be involved in the pathogenesis of RVO. However, its specific mechanism remains unclear. Hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia have been previously shown to be the most common risk factors in elder population, while recent studies found that coagulation and hemorheological abnormalities are more common in people under 50 years old. Ocular risk factors including glaucoma, high corrected intraocular pressure and retinal vessels abnormality, have gained more and more attention. These factors probably exert a synergistic effect when present simultaneously in the same patient. Therefore, early identification and intervention of those factors could lower the incidence of RVO. This article aims to review recent research and summarize existing mechanism and theories, giving some new research ideas for potential therapy targets and providing references for identification and management of risk factors.
6.Construction and Testing of Health LifeStyle Evidence (HLSE)
Chen TIAN ; Yong WANG ; Yilong YAN ; Yafei LIU ; Yao LU ; Mingyao SUN ; Jianing LIU ; Yan MA ; Jinling NING ; Ziying YE ; Qianji CHENG ; Ying LI ; Jiajie HUANG ; Shuihua YANG ; Yiyun WANG ; Bo TONG ; Jiale LU ; Long GE
Medical Journal of Peking Union Medical College Hospital 2024;15(6):1413-1421
Healthy lifestyles and good living habits are effective strategies and important approaches to prevent chronic non-communicable diseases. With the development of evidence-based medicine, the evidence translation system has made some achievements in clinical practice. There is, however, no comprehensive, professional and efficient system for translating lifestyle evidence globally. Therefore, the Health Lifestyle Evidence (HLSE) Group of Lanzhou University constructed the HLSE Evidence Translation System (
7.α2-macroglobulin alleviates glucocorticoid-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head in mice by promoting proliferation, migration and angiogenesis of vascular endothelial cells
Qi ZHU ; Yunxiang LU ; You PENG ; Jiale HE ; Zeyu WEI ; Zhiyong LI ; Yuxian CHEN
Journal of Southern Medical University 2024;44(4):712-719
Objective To explore the mechanism underlying the protective effect of α2-macroglobulin (A2M) against glucocorticoid-induced femoral head necrosis. Methods In a human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) model with injuries induced by gradient concentrations of dexamethasone (DEX;10-8-10-5 mol/L), the protective effects of A2M at 0.05 and 0.1 mg/mL were assessed by examining the changes in cell viability, migration, and capacity of angiogenesis using CCK-8 assay, Transwell and scratch healing assays and angiogenesis assay. The expressions of CD31 and VEGF-A proteins in the treated cells were detected using Western blotting. In BALB/c mouse models of avascular necrosis of the femoral head induced by intramuscular injections of methylprednisolone, the effects of intervention with A2M on femoral trabecular structure, histopathological characteristics, and CD31 expression were examined with Micro-CT, HE staining and immunohistochemical staining. Results In cultured HUVECs, DEX treatment significantly reduced cell viability, migration and angiogenic ability in a concentration- and time-dependent manner (P<0.05), and these changes were obviously reversed by treatment with A2M in positive correlation with A2M concentration (P<0.05). DEX significantly reduced the expression of CD31 and VEGF-A proteins in HUVECs, while treatment with A2M restored CD31 and VEGF-A expressions in the cells (P<0.05). The mouse models of femoral head necrosis showed obvious trabecular damages in the femoral head, where a large number of empty lacunae and hypertrophic fat cells could be seen and CD31 expression was significantly decreased (P<0.05). A2M treatment of the mouse models significantly improved trabecular damages, maintained normal bone tissue structures, and increased CD31 expression in the femoral head (P<0.05). Conclusion A2M promotes proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of DEX-treated HUVECs and alleviates methylprednisolone-induced femoral head necrosis by improving microcirculation damages and maintaining microcirculation stability in the femoral head.
8.α2-macroglobulin alleviates glucocorticoid-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head in mice by promoting proliferation, migration and angiogenesis of vascular endothelial cells
Qi ZHU ; Yunxiang LU ; You PENG ; Jiale HE ; Zeyu WEI ; Zhiyong LI ; Yuxian CHEN
Journal of Southern Medical University 2024;44(4):712-719
Objective To explore the mechanism underlying the protective effect of α2-macroglobulin (A2M) against glucocorticoid-induced femoral head necrosis. Methods In a human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) model with injuries induced by gradient concentrations of dexamethasone (DEX;10-8-10-5 mol/L), the protective effects of A2M at 0.05 and 0.1 mg/mL were assessed by examining the changes in cell viability, migration, and capacity of angiogenesis using CCK-8 assay, Transwell and scratch healing assays and angiogenesis assay. The expressions of CD31 and VEGF-A proteins in the treated cells were detected using Western blotting. In BALB/c mouse models of avascular necrosis of the femoral head induced by intramuscular injections of methylprednisolone, the effects of intervention with A2M on femoral trabecular structure, histopathological characteristics, and CD31 expression were examined with Micro-CT, HE staining and immunohistochemical staining. Results In cultured HUVECs, DEX treatment significantly reduced cell viability, migration and angiogenic ability in a concentration- and time-dependent manner (P<0.05), and these changes were obviously reversed by treatment with A2M in positive correlation with A2M concentration (P<0.05). DEX significantly reduced the expression of CD31 and VEGF-A proteins in HUVECs, while treatment with A2M restored CD31 and VEGF-A expressions in the cells (P<0.05). The mouse models of femoral head necrosis showed obvious trabecular damages in the femoral head, where a large number of empty lacunae and hypertrophic fat cells could be seen and CD31 expression was significantly decreased (P<0.05). A2M treatment of the mouse models significantly improved trabecular damages, maintained normal bone tissue structures, and increased CD31 expression in the femoral head (P<0.05). Conclusion A2M promotes proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of DEX-treated HUVECs and alleviates methylprednisolone-induced femoral head necrosis by improving microcirculation damages and maintaining microcirculation stability in the femoral head.
9.A cross-sectional survey and analysis of influencing factors on the occurrence of post-burn psychological stress disorder in preschool children
Xuelan LU ; Yingping LIU ; Yiwei LIU ; Jielin DIAO ; Feng WANG ; Fangyu ZHONG ; Jiale HE ; Lang CHEN
Chinese Journal of Burns 2024;40(4):373-379
Objective:To explore the occurrence and influencing factors of post-burn psychological stress disorder in preschool children.Methods:This study was a multi-center cross-sectional survey. From January 2022 to February 2023, 85 preschool children (aged 1 to 6 years) with burns admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong Central Hospital, Suining Central Hospital, Guang'an People's Hospital, and Guangyuan Central Hospital who met the inclusion criteria were selected as respondents. A self-made general information questionnaire was used to investigate the children's general data including gender, age group, residential area, main caregiver and their education level, and family type, as well as the injury condition including cause of injury and burn severity. The Child Stress Disorders Checklist was used to investigate the occurrence of psychological stress disorder in children at 3 days to 1 month after injury, and the incidence rate was calculated. The children were classified according to their general data and injury condition, and the occurrence of psychological stress disorder in children at 3 days to 1 month after injury was recorded, and the influencing factors for post-burn psychological stress disorder in preschool children were screened.Results:A total of 85 questionnaires were distributed and 85 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 100%. Among the children, there were 45 boys and 40 girls, with most children aged 1 to 3 years. There were slightly more children in rural areas than in cities. About half of the children were mainly cared for by their parents and grandparents, respectively, and the education level of the main caregivers was mainly high school/technical secondary school. The family type was mainly core family and extended family. The main cause of injury was hydrothermal scald, and the severity of burns was mainly moderate. The incidence rate of psychological stress disorder in this group of children at 3 days to 1 month after injury was 34.12% (29/85). There were statistically significant differences in the occurrence of psychological stress disorder in children with different age groups, causes of injuries, and burn severity at 3 days to 1 month after injury (with χ2 values??of 9.18, 7.80, and 25.47, respectively, P<0.05); there were no statistically significant differences in the occurrence of psychological stress disorder in children with different genders, residential area, main caregivers, main caregivers' education levels, or family types at 3 days to 1 month after injury ( P>0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age group and burn severity were independent influencing factors for the occurrence of psychological stress disorder in preschool children after burns (with odds ratios of 8.21 and 33.99, respectively, and 95% confidence intervals of 1.57-43.04 and 5.55-207.93, respectively, P<0.05), the older the child and the more severe the burn, the higher the possibility of the occurrence of psychological stress disorder. Conclusions:The incidence rate of psychological stress disorder is high in preschool children after burns. Age group and burn severity are independent influencing factors for the occurrence of post-burn psychological stress disorder in this type of children.
10.Initial application experience of laparoscopic microwave ablation assisted clamp-less suture-less nephron sparing surgery technique in cystic renal cell carcinoma
Xiaorong WU ; Jiale ZHOU ; Zhaolin YANG ; Yonghui CHEN ; Wei XUE
Chinese Journal of Urology 2024;45(5):355-359
Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of the application of microwave ablation assisted clamp-less suture-less nephron sparing surgery technique in the management of cystic renal cell carcinoma.Methods:The data of 21 consecutive patients with cystic renal cell carcinoma who underwent microwave ablation assisted clamp-less suture-less laparoscopic nephron sparing surgery (MACS-LNSS) in Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine from January 2017 to December 2020, were retrospectively analyzed. There were 17 males and 4 females with a mean age of (58.0±2.6) years old. There were 19 cases with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score 0 and 2 with score 1. The mean diameter of the tumor was (3.6±0.4) cm, and the mean distance from the collecting system was (10.7±0.9) mm with 12 located on the left and 9 on the right side. There were 5 cases of Bosniak Ⅲ with mean CT value (27.6±4.6) HU and 16 of Bosniak Ⅳ and the mean estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR) was (84.1±4.1 ) ml/(min·1.73 m 2). The American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) graded 17 cas as grade 1, 3 cases as grade 2 and 1 cases as grade 3. MACS-LNSS was performed for all patients. The microwave ablation probe was introduced via the laparoscopic trocar and inserted into the tumor. Then all tumors were resected after microwave ablation was performed for 1 to 3 cycles lasting 2 to 5 minutes for each tumour with a power output of 60 to 100 W using an MTC-3C microwave ablation system. Results:MACS-LNSS was successfully performed in 20 cases. Another one converted to conventional laparoscopic partial nephrectomy because of intraoperative bleeding with 14 min renal artery branch clamped. No case converted to open surgery or radical nephrectomy. The mean operative time was (92.0±6.3) min, with a mean estimated blood loss of (60.0±7.2) ml. The mean length of postoperative hospital stay was (2.7±0.1) d. No case required perioperative transfusion. One case with fever and one case with urine leakage were observed postoperatively and recovered after conservative treatment. Pathologic results revealed 18 cases of clear cell carcinoma, 3 of low grade malignant potential multilocular cystic renal cell tumors. The median eGFR at 6 months postoperative was (82.9±3.8) ml/(min·1.73 m 2).No local recurrence and distant metastasis was observed with a mean follow-up of (41.3±1.5)(range from 32 to 58) months. Conclusions:MACS-LNSS which has the advantages of controllable complications is an alternative, safe and feasible technique for cystic renal cell carcinoma less than 7 cm, with regular tumor base, and the distance from the collecting system more than 5 mm.

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