Abstract Adolescent health literacy constitutes a fundamental, economical and effective strategy for addressing their health issues and fostering healthy behaviors, while assessing health literacy plays a pivotal role in evaluating adolescents health literacy. The study systematically reviews existing adolescent health literacy assessment tools at both domestically and internationally, and analyzes them through three dimensions:structural components, applicability and scientific validity. It further examines emerging trends in the development of such tools, aiming to offer theoretical underpinnings and practical recommendations for their refinement, thereby more effectively addressing the evolving health needs of adolescents.

Abstract To promote the development of sexuality education for Chinese adolescents, the study analyses Ireland s relationships and sexuality education (RSE) curriculum and concludes that it centers on student development in terms of curriculum philosophy and objectives, emphasizing its educational value. At the content level, it employs a staged teaching approach to achieve comprehensive coverage based on students physical and mental development characteristics. In terms of implementation, it adopts a spiral organization to ensure the scientific integrity of the curriculum. In addition, it utilizes diverse evaluation methods to strengthen the systematic nature of the curriculum. Based on these insights, China could collaborate with multiple stakeholders to advance the development of RSE, establish a scientific and systematic framework for RSE, and constructing a comprehensive implementation and teacher support system, thereby promoting the refinement and innovation of RSE programs.

Abstract To develop a health education curriculum model with Chinese characteristics, literature method and comparative analysis method are used to interpret the U.S. health education curriculum analysis tool (HECAT). HECAT consists of an access component, a design component and an implementation component, which is able to provide a clear and complete analysis of health education curricula, and assists localities in selecting or developing health education curricula. HECAT is characterized by diversified participating entities, structured analysis content, scientific indicator establishment, and systematic practice process. Based on the experience of developing HECAT and building a systematic health education model in the United States, structured thinking to promote the analysis of health education courses, emphasizing the systematic and scientific development of health education courses and establishing an open system for promoting school health education should be applied in China.

Abstract In the context of frequent public health events, effective school health education is an important measure to improve students health literacy and public health system of China. The study examined the National Health Education Standards in the U.S., based on a literature review and comparative analysis, to provide guidance for China. Using the method of liberature riview paper interprets the curriculum of National Health Education Standards in the U.S. and provides a mirror for China. Health Education standards in the U.S. are characterized by their academic quality, standardized framework, assessment program, equity principles, and other components. A mirror for China includes promoting the construction of the standards based health education curriculum, developing the skills based health education curriculum system, and constructing a performancebased comprehensive evaluation system.

Abstract Brain Breaks is a physical activity program that combines cultural classroom based physical activity with modern technology while providing children with multi level guidance. As an intervention for intermittent sedentary activities, Brain Breaks can improve students physical activity level, thereby improving their physical fitness and positively affecting their motivation to participate in physical activities and positive learning behaviors. The paper understands this intervention from the connotation, implementation basis, and application effect of Brain Breaks, and then proposes practical application suggestions and future research directions.When Brain Breaks in the cultural classroom is promoted and practiced in China in the future, attention should be paid to the means of implementation by the teachers, the selection of representative target groups, and the precise implementation plan.At the research level, the effects of motor skills, special group interventions, gender differences, environmental changes, and physiological mechanisms of the Brain Breaks are to be explored.

Nucleolar complex associated 4 homolog (NOC4L) is a key factor in ribosome biogenesis, and this study aims to investigate its roles in activated T cells from the perspective of translation regulation. Firstly, flow cytometry was employed to determine the expression levels of NOC4L in the CD4⁺ T cells under different conditions in the transgenic reporter mice expressing Noc4l^mCherry. Subsequently, the expression of NOC4L along with cell proliferation was examined under Th1 and Th17 polarization conditions. Finally, in vitro experiments were conducted to identify the proteins interacting with NOC4L during the activation of Th1 and Th17 cells, on the basis of which the potential mechanisms of NOC4L were explored. The results showed that the expression level of NOC4L increased in activated CD4⁺ T cells, and the expression of NOC4L was closely associated with the proliferation and division of activated T cells. The in vitro experiments revealed interactions between NOC4L and proteins involved in ribosome assembly and cell proliferation during T cell activation. These findings lay a foundation for probing into the post-transcriptional regulation in helper T cells and hold profound significance for understanding the activation and regulatory mechanisms of T cells.
Animals ; Mice ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Cell Proliferation ; Mice, Transgenic ; Nuclear Proteins/genetics* ; Th1 Cells/immunology* ; Th17 Cells/metabolism* ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology* ; Ribosomes/metabolism*

Objective To construct a deep learning-based target detection method to help radiologists perform rapid diagnosis of lesions in the CT images of patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia(NCP)by restoring detailed information and mining local information.Methods We present a deep learning approach that integrates detail upsampling and attention guidance.A linear upsampling algorithm based on bicubic interpolation algorithm was adopted to improve the restoration of detailed information within feature maps during the upsampling phase.Additionally,a visual attention mechanism based on vertical and horizontal spatial dimensions embedded in the feature extraction module to enhance the capability of the object detection algorithm to represent key information related to NCP lesions.Results Experimental results on the NCP dataset showed that the detection method based on the detail upsampling algorithm improved the recall rate by 1.07%compared with the baseline model,with the AP50 reaching 85.14%.After embedding the attention mechanism in the feature extraction module,86.13%AP50,73.92%recall,and 90.37%accuracy were achieved,which were better than those of the popular object detection models.Conclusion The feature information mining of CT images based on deep learning can further improve the lesion detection ability.The proposed approach helps radiologists rapidly identify NCP lesions on CT images and provides an important clinical basis for early intervention and high-intensity monitoring of NCP patients.

Uncontrolled and persistent inflammation is closely related to numerous acute and chronic diseases. However, effective targeting delivery systems remain to be developed for precision therapy of inflammatory diseases. Herein we report a novel strategy for engineering inflammation-accumulation nanoparticles via phenolic functionalization. Different phenol-functionalized nanoparticles were first developed, which can undergo in situ aggregation upon triggering by the inflammatory/oxidative microenvironment. Phenolic compound-decorated poly (lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles, in particular tyramine (Tyr)-coated nanoparticles, showed significantly enhanced accumulation at inflammatory sites in mouse models of colitis, acute liver injury, and acute lung injury, mainly resulting from in situ cross-linking and tissue anchoring of nanoparticles triggered by local myeloperoxidase and reactive oxygen species. By combining a cyclodextrin-derived bioactive material with Tyr decoration, a multifunctional nanotherapy (TTN) was further developed, which displayed enhanced cellular uptake, anti-inflammatory activities, and inflammatory tissue accumulation, thereby affording amplified therapeutic effects in mice with colitis or acute liver injury. Moreover, TTN can serve as a bioactive and inflammation-targeting nanoplatform for site-specifically delivering a therapeutic peptide to the inflamed colon post oral administration, leading to considerably potentiated in vivo efficacies. Preliminary studies also revealed good safety of orally delivered TTN. Consequently, Tyr-based functionalization is promising for inflammation targeting amplification and therapeutic potentiation of nanotherapies.

Objective : To analyze and compare the gene chip data of normal people and patients with acute myocardial infarction through GEO gene expression database , to screen out differentially expressed genes (DEGs) , and to predict potential Chinese medicines for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction. Methods : GSE66360 gene microarray was downloaded , DEGs information was obtained by analysis , gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis of differential genes were performed , key genes were further analyzed by String database and Cytoscape software , and key genes were mapped to the medical ontology information retrieval platform (Coremine Medical) to screen potential Chinese medicines for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction. Results : A total of 943 differentially expressed genes were screened. The biological process was mainly enriched in myeloid leukocyte activation , regulation of cytokine production , leukocyte chemotaxis , etc. The cellular component was mainly focused on secretory granule lumen , membrane surface , and extrinsic components of the membrane , etc. Molecular function was mainly in chemokine receptor binding , pattern recognition receptor activity , cytokine binding , etc. KEGG analysis showed that the main signaling pathways involved were tumor necrosis factor (TNF) , hypoxia inducible factor⁃1 (HIF⁃1) , and JAK⁃STAT signaling pathways , etc. The key genes to be screened are formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2) , signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) , chemokine (C - X - C motif) ligand 1 ( CXCL1) , chemokine ( C ⁃X ⁃C motif) ligand 8 ( CXCL8) , ubiquitin protein ligase E3 component n⁃recognin 4 ( UBR4 ) , jun proto⁃oncogene ( JUN ) , platelet⁃activating factor receptor (PTAFR) , Fc fragment of IgE , high affinity I , receptor for; gamma polypeptide (FCER1G) , G protein⁃coupled receptor 84 (GPR84) , plasminogen activator, urokinase (PLAU) . The potential herbs predicted for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction were Centipede (P = 0. 003 30) , Rithoma Curcuma (P = 0. 002 39) , Curcuma (P = 0. 002 40) , Paris polyphylla Smith (P = 0. 002 48) , Salviae miltiorrhizae (P = 0. 002 72) , Fritillary bulb (P = 0. 003 71) , and Panax ginseng (P = 0. 001 59) . Conclusion Traditional Chinese medicines such as Rithoma curcuma in activating blood and removing blood stasis medicine , Panax ginseng in nourishing Qi , and Fritillary bulb in medicine for the treatment of cough and asthma have protective effects on acute myocardial infarction. The mechanism of action may be related to the regulation of immune and anti⁃inflammatory signaling pathways.

Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) are widely distributed in the phospholipid bilayer of various cell membranes, which play an important role in maintaining cell membrane stability, and regulate various cellular processes including adhesion, proliferation, apoptosis and recognition, as well as participate in various cellular activities. In addition, GSLs are not only involved in the process of apoptosis, but also regulate multiple signals in tumorigenesis and tumor development. The tumor-associated GSLs are expected to be used as diagnostic markers and immunotherapeutic targets for malignant tumors. These findings have important implications for the study of apoptosis and provide the new direction of tumor therapy. This review summarized the latest research progress of GSLs-mediated apoptosis and its effect on the genesis, development and metastasis of tumor cells. Moreover, we discussed the metabolic pathway of GSLs-mediated apoptosis and its application in tumor therapy, as well as the development prospect of targeted therapy strategies based on GSLs.
Humans ; Glycosphingolipids/metabolism* ; Apoptosis ; Cell Membrane ; Neoplasms/metabolism*