ObjectiveTo investigate the distribution of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome patterns among postmenopausal women with dyslipidemia， and to examine the correlations of lipid parameters with bone mineral density （BMD） and bone metabolism markers across common TCM syndrome patterns， thereby providing a clinical reference for individualized integrative traditional Chinese and western medicine interventions stratified according to TCM syndrome patterns. MethodsA multi-center cross-sectional study was conducted among postmenopausal women aged 45-64 years with dyslipidemia. TCM syndromes were determined using a scale-based scoring method. BMD measurements were collected， and fasting venous blood samples were assayed for lipid parameters including total cholesterol （TC）， triglycerides （TG）， high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）， and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C）， and bone metabolism biomarkers including osteocalcin （OST）， total procollagen type Ⅰ N-terminal propeptide （P1NP）， alkaline phosphatase （ALP）， bone-specific alkaline phosphatase （BALP）， β-isomerized C-terminal telopeptide of type Ⅰ collagen （β-CTX）， 25-hydroxyvitamin D ［25（OH）D］， and thyroid-stimulating hormone （TSH）. Chi-square tests were used to compare the distribution of dyslipidemia across different TCM syndromes. Spearman's rank correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the correlations between TCM syndrome patterns and dyslipidemia， as well as the correlations of lipid parameters with BMD and bone metabolism markers within each syndrome pattern. ResultsA total of 506 postmenopausal women with dyslipidemia were included， comprising 172 cases of spleen-kidney yang deficiency syndrome （33.99%）， 163 cases of phlegm-turbidity obstruction syndrome （32.21%）， 118 cases of liver-kidney yin deficiency syndrome （23.32%）， 33 cases of qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome （6.52%）， and 20 cases of yin deficiency and yang hyperactivity syndrome （3.95%）. Phlegm-turbidity obstruction syndrome was negatively correlated with TC abnormality （r=-0.120， P=0.007） and positively correlated with TG abnormality （r=0.246， P＜0.001）. Spleen-kidney yang deficiency syndrome and liver-kidney yin deficiency syndrome were both negatively correlated with TG abnormality （r=-0.101， P=0.023； r=-0.116， P=0.009， respectively）. Further correlation analysis confirmed that phlegm-turbidity obstruction syndrome was negatively correlated with TC abnormality （r=-0.120） and significantly positively correlated with TG abnormality （r=0.246）. Both the spleen-kidney yang deficiency syndrome and liver-kidney yin deficiency syndrome were negatively correlated with TG abnormality （r=-0.101 and r=-0.116， respectively）. In patients with phlegm-turbidity obstruction syndrome， HDL-C was negatively correlated with BMD at the left femoral neck （r=-0.178， P=0.023） and at left total hip （r=-0.190， P=0.015）. In patients with liver-kidney yin deficiency syndrome， TG was positively correlated with BMD at the lumbar spine （L1-L4） and left total hip （r=0.214， P=0.020； r=0.221， P=0.016， respectively）. More significant correlations were observed in patients with spleen-kidney yang deficiency syndrome， TG was positively correlated with ALP （r=0.210， P=0.006）； TC was positively correlated with TSH and 25（OH）D （r=0.153， P=0.045； r= 0.231， P=0.002， respectively）； HDL-C was positively correlated with OST and 25（OH）D （r=0.156， P=0.040； r=0.228， P=0.003， respectively）； and LDL-C was positively correlated with TSH and 25（OH）D （r=0.156， P= 0.041； r=0.182， P=0.017， respectively）. In patients with liver-kidney yin deficiency syndrome， HDL-C was negatively correlated with TSH （r=-0.204， P=0.027）. ConclusionThe association between dyslipidemia and skeletal health in postmenopausal women varies across TCM syndromes. Lipid abnormalities in women with phlegm-turbidity obstruction syndrome or liver-kidney yin deficiency syndrome are accompanied primarily by site-specific alterations in BMD， whereas those in women with spleen-kidney yang deficiency syndrome are reflected mainly in changes in bone metabolism markers. These findings suggest that targeted intervention strategies should be developed according to TCM syndrome characteristics for postmenopausal women with dyslipidemia.

ObjectiveTo investigate the distribution of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome patterns among postmenopausal women with dyslipidemia， and to examine the correlations of lipid parameters with bone mineral density （BMD） and bone metabolism markers across common TCM syndrome patterns， thereby providing a clinical reference for individualized integrative traditional Chinese and western medicine interventions stratified according to TCM syndrome patterns. MethodsA multi-center cross-sectional study was conducted among postmenopausal women aged 45-64 years with dyslipidemia. TCM syndromes were determined using a scale-based scoring method. BMD measurements were collected， and fasting venous blood samples were assayed for lipid parameters including total cholesterol （TC）， triglycerides （TG）， high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）， and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C）， and bone metabolism biomarkers including osteocalcin （OST）， total procollagen type Ⅰ N-terminal propeptide （P1NP）， alkaline phosphatase （ALP）， bone-specific alkaline phosphatase （BALP）， β-isomerized C-terminal telopeptide of type Ⅰ collagen （β-CTX）， 25-hydroxyvitamin D ［25（OH）D］， and thyroid-stimulating hormone （TSH）. Chi-square tests were used to compare the distribution of dyslipidemia across different TCM syndromes. Spearman's rank correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the correlations between TCM syndrome patterns and dyslipidemia， as well as the correlations of lipid parameters with BMD and bone metabolism markers within each syndrome pattern. ResultsA total of 506 postmenopausal women with dyslipidemia were included， comprising 172 cases of spleen-kidney yang deficiency syndrome （33.99%）， 163 cases of phlegm-turbidity obstruction syndrome （32.21%）， 118 cases of liver-kidney yin deficiency syndrome （23.32%）， 33 cases of qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome （6.52%）， and 20 cases of yin deficiency and yang hyperactivity syndrome （3.95%）. Phlegm-turbidity obstruction syndrome was negatively correlated with TC abnormality （r=-0.120， P=0.007） and positively correlated with TG abnormality （r=0.246， P＜0.001）. Spleen-kidney yang deficiency syndrome and liver-kidney yin deficiency syndrome were both negatively correlated with TG abnormality （r=-0.101， P=0.023； r=-0.116， P=0.009， respectively）. Further correlation analysis confirmed that phlegm-turbidity obstruction syndrome was negatively correlated with TC abnormality （r=-0.120） and significantly positively correlated with TG abnormality （r=0.246）. Both the spleen-kidney yang deficiency syndrome and liver-kidney yin deficiency syndrome were negatively correlated with TG abnormality （r=-0.101 and r=-0.116， respectively）. In patients with phlegm-turbidity obstruction syndrome， HDL-C was negatively correlated with BMD at the left femoral neck （r=-0.178， P=0.023） and at left total hip （r=-0.190， P=0.015）. In patients with liver-kidney yin deficiency syndrome， TG was positively correlated with BMD at the lumbar spine （L1-L4） and left total hip （r=0.214， P=0.020； r=0.221， P=0.016， respectively）. More significant correlations were observed in patients with spleen-kidney yang deficiency syndrome， TG was positively correlated with ALP （r=0.210， P=0.006）； TC was positively correlated with TSH and 25（OH）D （r=0.153， P=0.045； r= 0.231， P=0.002， respectively）； HDL-C was positively correlated with OST and 25（OH）D （r=0.156， P=0.040； r=0.228， P=0.003， respectively）； and LDL-C was positively correlated with TSH and 25（OH）D （r=0.156， P= 0.041； r=0.182， P=0.017， respectively）. In patients with liver-kidney yin deficiency syndrome， HDL-C was negatively correlated with TSH （r=-0.204， P=0.027）. ConclusionThe association between dyslipidemia and skeletal health in postmenopausal women varies across TCM syndromes. Lipid abnormalities in women with phlegm-turbidity obstruction syndrome or liver-kidney yin deficiency syndrome are accompanied primarily by site-specific alterations in BMD， whereas those in women with spleen-kidney yang deficiency syndrome are reflected mainly in changes in bone metabolism markers. These findings suggest that targeted intervention strategies should be developed according to TCM syndrome characteristics for postmenopausal women with dyslipidemia.

Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) have the characteristics of resistance to environmental degradation, bioaccumulation and long-distance migration potential. Maternal exposure to POPs during pregnancy can enter the fetal blood circulation through the placental barrier, and have a potential impact on the functional development of the nervous system of the offspring. This in turn leads to the occurrence and development of neurological defects and diseases in adulthood. The purpose of this paper is to elucidate the effects of exposure to three major POPs (organochlorine compounds, perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers) during pregnancy on the functional development of the nervous system (social emotions, cognition, language, exercise, and adaptability) in children, and to provide reference for subsequent studies.

Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) have the characteristics of resistance to environmental degradation, bioaccumulation and long-distance migration potential. Maternal exposure to POPs during pregnancy can enter the fetal blood circulation through the placental barrier, and have a potential impact on the functional development of the nervous system of the offspring. This in turn leads to the occurrence and development of neurological defects and diseases in adulthood. The purpose of this paper is to elucidate the effects of exposure to three major POPs (organochlorine compounds, perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers) during pregnancy on the functional development of the nervous system (social emotions, cognition, language, exercise, and adaptability) in children, and to provide reference for subsequent studies.

Background Maternal atmospheric pollution during pregnancy may alter fetal intrauterine development programming, thereby increasing the risk of childhood obesity in the future. Objective To investigate the effects of atmospheric pollution exposure during pregnancy on the incidence of childhood obesity in offspring. Methods English databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Medline) and Chinese databases (Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and VIP Information Chinese Journal Service Platform) were searched for literature reporting exposure to atmospheric pollution during pregnancy and childhood obesity published from 1 January 2000 to 31 August 2023. The quality of the included literature was evaluated using the quality assessment tools for observational cohort and cross-sectional studies recommended by the US National Institutes of Health. Results Twenty-four studies meeting the inclusion criteria were identified and the associated atmospheric pollutants included particulate matter, ozone, nitrogen oxide, carbon oxide, and sulfur oxide. In comparison to the non-exposed group, prenatal exposure to various common atmospheric pollutants were significantly associated with an elevated risk of childhood obesity in offspring. Conclusion Maternal exposure to atmospheric pollution during pregnancy is associated with an elevated risk of childhood obesity in subsequent years. Future studies should pay more attention to the effects of atmospheric pollution on the distribution of children's body fat and metabolic development, and further identify potential mechanisms of atmospheric pollutant exposure leading to childhood obesity.

Objective:To establish a multiplex detection method for monitoring viruses post-kidney transplantation based on droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) technology, evaluate its detection performance, and discuss its potential clinical application.Methods:We developed a ddPCR assay for the simultaneous detection of polyomavirus type 1 virus (BKV), polyomavirus type 2 virus (JCV), and torque teno virus (TTV), assessing its conformity rate, repeatability, and detection limit. 69 clinical urine samples were collected at the Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine affiliated with Renji Hospital between June and September 2023. The qPCR and ddPCR methods were employed to analyze the results, respectively. Spearman correlation analysis, Bland-Altman analysis, and Wilcoxon paired rank sum test were applied to analyze the detection results of the two methodologies.Results:The constructed ddPCR method had a 7/7 concordance rate for the seven reference samples. The precision reference samples were tested ten times, respectively, and their coefficients of variation were less than 10%. The detection limit was 10 copies/μl. The concordance rates of ddPCR and qPCR for BKV and JCV detection were more than 95% (66/69, 68/69). The correlation coefficients (R) of BKV and JCV viral loads were 0.874 and 0.840, respectively. The Bland-Altman analysis showed that the mean differences in BKV and JCV viral load detection between the two methods were -0.34 and -0.187, respectively. The Wilcoxon paired rank sum test showed that there were no statistically significant differences in the detection results of polyomaviruses between the two methods ( P>0.05). Conclusion:A ddPCR-based multiplex detection method for viruses post-renal transplantation was successfully developed, confirming its superior attributes of high accuracy, high sensitivity, and multi-detection capability. This method could be used for the quantitative detection of BKV, JCV, and TTV in clinical urine samples.

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.

Childhood obesity has become a global public health problem, and its incidence and development are closely related to the exposure to risk factors in early life. In recent years, more and more epidemiological research evidences have shown that breastfeeding has the modification effect on early life risk factors of childhood obesity, such as high genetic risk of obesity, maternal gestational diabetes mellitus, macrosomia and other factors. This paper reviews the research results in this field, and summarizes the modification effect of breastfeeding on childhood obesity heredity and early life environmental risk factors associated with childhood obesity, to provide a reference for the evaluation of positive effect of breastfeeding on prevention and control of obesity in specific risk groups for taking targeted measure to reduce the risk for childhood obesity.