Objective To investigate the radon activity concentrations in subways of Nanning City and assess the average annual effective doses for subway staff and passengers due to radon exposure. Methods Sixty-three stations across the subway lines 2, 3, and 5 were selected as study sites. Radon activity concentrations were measured using the scintillation counting method with scintillation vials. Results The radon activity concentrations in subway lines 2, 3, and 5 were 7.9-24.4, 12.0-26.2, and 12.6-18.2 Bq/m³, respectively. The average radon activity concentrations for these three lines were (17.4 ± 4.6), (19.1 ± 4.1), and (14.6 ± 1.7) Bq/m³, respectively. Statistical analysis using SPSS 26.0 software revealed a significant difference in radon activity concentrations among these stations (P<0.01). Considering the data in previous research, the average radon activity concentration across all stations in the subway lines of Nanning City was determined to be 17.4 Bq/m³. The estimated average annual effective dose due to radon exposure was 0.131 mSv for subway staff and 0.033 mSv for passengers. Conclusion The radon activity concentrations in the subway lines of Nanning City were significantly lower than the national standard limit (400 Bq/m³). The annual effective doses from radon exposure for both subway staff and passengers were below the limits specified in the Basic Standards for Protection Against Ionizing Radiation and for the Safety of Radiation Sources (GB18871—2002). The health impact of radon and its progeny on subway staff and passengers in the subway lines of Nanning City was extremely low and can be considered negligible.

Diabetic nephropathy（DN） is a common and severe microvascular complication of diabetes. In recent years， the classical herbal formula Shenqi dihuang decoction has demonstrated unique advantages in the clinical treatment of DN. This article conducts a systematic review of the mechanisms of action and clinical applications of Shenqi dihuang decoction in the treatment of DN. It reveals that the mechanism by which this formula improves DN involves multi-target synergistic regulation. For instance, Shenqi dihuang decoction exerts multiple pharmacological effects by regulating signaling pathways including phosphatidy linostiol 3-kinase/protein kinase B， AMP-activated protein kinase/silent information regulator 1/forkhead box O1， and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 pathways.These effects include regulating glucose and lipid metabolism， inhibiting oxidative stress， reducing inflammation， improving insulin resistance， modulating cell death （apoptosis/autophagy/ferroptosis/pyroptosis）， and preventing renal fibrosis. Existing clinical studies indicate that Shenqi dihuang decoction and its modified formulas， alone or in combination with other therapeutic methods， can significantly improve glucose and lipid metabolism， reduce proteinuria， and delay renal function decline in patients with DN. These effects are superior to those of Western medicines such as irbesartan， valsartan， and empagliflozin， and the treatment demonstrates good safety. Future research should leverage systems biology and artificial intelligence technologies to further elucidate the integrated mechanisms in the treatment of DN by Shenqi dihuang decoction， thereby advancing the precision and standardization of its clinical application.

ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism of action of remifentanil （RMZL） in alleviating lung ischemia-reperfusion injury （LIRI） in rats by inhibiting pyroptosis through modulating hypoxia inducible factor-1α （HIF-1α）/NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 （NLRP3） pathway. MethodsRats were stochastically assigned into Control group， LIRI group， RMZL low-dose group， RMZL medium-dose group， RMZL high-dose group， and RMZL high-dose+HIF-1α activator dimethyloxallyl glycine （DMOG） group， with 18 rats in each group. Rats in Control group only had their left pulmonary hilum free and did not undergo ischemia-reperfusion treatment. Except for the Control group， LIRI models were constructed in all other groups. Rats in LIRI group were intraperitoneally injected with an equal amount of physiological saline 15 minutes before constructing LIRI model； rats in Control group were intraperitoneally injected with an equal amount of physiological saline 15 minutes before freeing left pulmonary hilum； rats in other groups were intraperitoneally injected with corresponding dose of drug 15 minutes before constructing LIRI model. The wet/dry weight ratio of lungs was calculated. HE staining was used to study lung tissue pathology. Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the relative fluorescence intensity of gasdermin D （GSDMD） and NLRP3 double positive cells in lung tissue. ELISA was used to detect interleukin-1β and IL-18 in lung tissue. Western blot was used to detect HIF-1α， NLRP3， cysteine-aspartic protease-1 （Cleaved caspase-1）， and gasdermin D-N （GSDMD-N） proteins in lung tissue. ResultsCompared to the Control group， the LIRI group showed disordered alveolar structure， thickened alveolar septa， and abundant inflammatory cell infiltration in rats. The lung wet/dry weight ratio， relative fluorescence intensity of GSDMD and NLRP3 double positive cells in lung tissue， IL-1β， IL-18 levels， and HIF-1α， NLRP3， Cleaved caspase-1， and GSDMD-N proteins increased （P0.05）. For the LIRI group， rats in the RMZL low， medium， and high-dose groups displayed attenuated alveolar septal thickening and reduced inflammatory cell infiltration. The lung wet/dry weight ratio， relative fluorescence intensity of GSDMD and NLRP3 double positive cells in lung tissue， IL-1β， IL-18 levels， and HIF-1α， NLRP3， Cleaved caspase-1， and GSDMD-N proteins declined， and the RMZL high-dose group showed the most prominent trend （P0.05）. Compared with the RMZL high-dose group， rats in the RMZL high-dose+DMOG group exhibited thickened alveolar septa and more inflammatory cell infiltration， along with increased lung wet/dry weight ratio， relative fluorescence intensity of GSDMD and NLRP3 double positive cells in lung tissue， levels of IL-1β and IL-18， and protein expression of HIF-1α， NLRP3， Cleaved caspase-1， and GSDMD-N （P0.05）. ConclusionRMZL may inhibit pyroptosis in LIRI rats by suppressing HIF-1α/NLRP3 pathway.

Tumor cell-intrinsic programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) signals mediate tumor initiation, progression and metastasis, but their effects in ameloblastoma (AM) have not been reported. In this comprehensive study, we observed marked upregulation of PD-L1 in AM tissues and revealed the robust correlation between elevated PD-L1 expression and increased tumor growth and recurrence rates. Notably, we found that PD-L1 overexpression markedly increased self-renewal capacity and promoted tumorigenic processes and invasion in hTERT⁺-AM cells, whereas genetic ablation of PD-L1 exerted opposing inhibitory effects. By performing high-resolution single-cell profiling and thorough immunohistochemical analyses in AM patients, we delineated the intricate cellular landscape and elucidated the mechanisms underlying the aggressive phenotype and unfavorable prognosis of these tumors. Our findings revealed that hTERT⁺-AM cells with upregulated PD-L1 expression exhibit increased proliferative potential and stem-like attributes and undergo partial epithelial‒mesenchymal transition. This phenotypic shift is induced by the activation of the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling axis; thus, this study revealed a crucial regulatory mechanism that fuels tumor growth and recurrence. Importantly, targeted inhibition of the PD-L1-PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling axis significantly suppressed the growth of AM patient-derived tumor organoids, highlighting the potential of PD-L1 blockade as a promising therapeutic approach for AM.
Ameloblastoma/metabolism* ; Humans ; B7-H1 Antigen/metabolism* ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology* ; Signal Transduction ; Cell Proliferation ; Up-Regulation ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism* ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism* ; Telomerase/metabolism* ; Jaw Neoplasms/metabolism* ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Female ; Male

Objective To study the plasma metabolomics of mice poisoned by different dosage of the combination of diazepam and ethanol,and to reveal the toxicological mechanisms of combined poisoning of diazepam and ethanol.Methods Female Kunming mice were randomly divided into blank group,single and combined poisoning group(n=6),Based on the LD50 of diazepam co-administered with graded ethanol doses,mice in the single-drug and combined groups received oral gavage at 1/2,1,and 2 × LD50.Retro-orbital blood samples(～500 μL)were collected within 24 hours post-administration and analyzed by UPLC-QE-MS technology.Principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis were used to identify differential metabolites and associated metabolic pathways.Results A total of 387 differential metabolites were identified in the combined poisoning group of diazepam and ethanol implicating the key pathways including tryptophan metabolism,phenylalanine metabolism,arginine and proline metabolism,Glycerophospholipid metabolism,phenylalanine,tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis.Conclusion Combined diazepam and ethanol poisoning exerts significant systemic effects by disrupting neurotransmitters conduction,exacerbating oxidative stress response and dysregulating energy metabolism.

Objective To evaluate the survival outcomes of segmentectomy versus lobectomy for T1c non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods We searched PubMed, EMbase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure), and Wanfang Data, with the search time limit set from the inception of the databases to February 2024. Three researchers independently screened the literature, extracted relevant information, and evaluated the risk of bias of the included literature according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Meta-analysis was conducted using STATA 15.1. Results A total of 8 retrospective cohort studies were included, involving 7 433 patients. The NOS scores of the included studies were all ≥7 points. Patients who underwent lobectomy had significantly higher five-year overall survival (OS) rates compared to those who underwent segmentectomy (adjusted HR=1.11, 95%CI 0.99-1.24, P=0.042). Compared with lobectomy, segmentectomy showed no significant difference in adjusted three-year OS rate (adjusted HR=0.88, 95%CI 0.62-1.24) and adjusted five-year lung cancer-specific survival (adjusted HR=1.10, 95%CI 0.80-1.51, P=0.556) of patients with T1c NSCLC. Moreover, there were no differences in the five-year adjusted relapse-free survival (adjusted HR=1.23, 95%CI 0.82-1.85, P=0.319), and adverse events (OR=0.57, 95%CI 0.37-0.90, P=0.015) in the segmentectomy group were significantly less than those in the lobectomy group. Subgroup analysis based on whether patients received neoadjuvant therapy showed that among studies that excluded patients who received neoadjuvant therapy, no significant difference in 5-year adjusted OS rate was observed between the segmentectomy group and lobectomy group (adjusted HR=1.02, 95%CI 0.81-1.28, P=0.870). Conclusion Segmentectomy and lobectomy show no significant difference in long-term survival in stage T1c NSCLC patients, with segmentectomy associated with fewer postoperative complications. Further high-quality research is needed to confirm the comparative efficacy and safety of lobectomy and segmentectomy for T1c NSCLC patients.

Background A large number of power supply workers are involved in live working and are exposed to multiple risk factors for long periods of time during outdoor work, which in turn causes occupational health problems. Objective To identify potential ergonomic factors related to work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) and estimate the ergonomic risk of electricians. Methods A total of 31 workers were randomly selected from a training base under a power supply enterprise in Guangxi, and their operation processes were recorded by video. Using the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) method, the workers were scored by the posture of their arms, neck, and torso during operation, and the final scores were summarized to assess their risk level. Two independent samples t-tests were used to compare the differences in RULA scores. Results A total of 31 videos for mounting/dismounting insulation mask and 29 videos for breaking/connecting contact terminal were collected. The RULA score for mounting/dismounting insulation mask was 6.6 ± 0.7 (left side) and 7.0 ± 0.2 (right side), most of the workers had a score of 7 (71.0% on the left side and 96.8% on the right side), and the upper limb and overall scores on the right side were higher than those on the left side (P < 0.05). The RULA score for breaking/connecting contact terminal was 6.9 ± 0.4 (both right and left sides), most of workers had a score of 7 (89.7% on the left side and 93.1% on the right side), and the difference of the overall scores between the right and left side for this operation were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The ergonomic risk levels for both operations were level 3 or higher. Conclusion Mounting/dismounting insulation mask and breaking/connecting contact terminal are typical upper limb operations, and have a high level of ergonomics risk, requiring effective preventive and protective measures.

Objective To sort out the current situation and research hotspots of the application of information technology in drug safety in China，reveal the latest research frontier, and provide a basis for the follow-up research. Methods The literature about the application of information technology in the field of drug safety were searched from 2012 to 2022 in three major databases of CNKI, WanFang and VIP databases, and visual analysis was conducted with the help of Citespace software. Results A total of 848 valid papers were included, and the number of annual publications showed a phased growth trend, and the cooperation between authors and publishers was not close enough. The application of information technology in drug safety was mainly reflected in pharmaceutical service, intravenous drug dispensing center and antibacterial drugs. The main technical means of information construction in the field of drug safety were prescription pre-audit system, knowledge base and automation. The research frontiers were mainly intelligence, knowledge base, prescription audit, and proprietary Chinese medicines. Conclusion The application of information technology in drug safety in China is in a period of vigorous development, and cooperation among different regions, institutions, and authors should be strengthened to promote information sharing. In the future, the related research of information technology in the field of Chinese patent medicine should be focused, and the research content of information technology application in drug safety could be further improved.

Objective To verify the safety and effectiveness of a new percutaneous controllable curved plasma radiofrequency instrument for nucleus pulposus ablation. Methods A new percutaneous controllable curved plasma radiofrequency instrument were designed (controllable curved group), and its ablation effect was compared with the currently used straight head non-bendable plasma ablation instrument (non-bendable group) on gross specimens. The ablation instrument was placed through the right intervertebral foramen, and continuous ablation on the same intervertebral disc was conducted for three times. The ablation range and trajectory were recorded, and the temperature changes in the front, back, left, and right of the ablation center during and 15 seconds after ablation were monitored by the inserted temperature probe. Results There were no difference in temperature changes in the front, back, right regions of the ablation center during and 15 seconds after ablation between the two groups. The temperature changes in the left region of the ablation center both during and 15 seconds after 3rd ablation were larger than those in the non-bendable group (P＜0.01). Compared with the non-bendable group, the controllable curved group achieved angle control and larger single ablation area (2.282 5 mm² vs 1.135 8 mm², P＜0.000 1). Conclusions This new percutaneous controllable curved plasma ablation instrument can achieve angle control and ablation on the side opposite to the puncture site, increase ablation volume, and is safe.

Objective:To evaluate the role of inositol 1, 4, 5 triphosphate receptor 1 (IP3R1)-regulated changes in mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane (MAM) structure in the long-term cognitive impairment induced by multiple exposures to sevoflurane anesthesia in neonatal mice.Methods:Sixty SPF-grade healthy neonatal C57BL/6J mice of either sex, aged 6 days, weighing 6-10 g, were divided into 3 groups ( n=20 each) using a random number table method: control group (group C), multiple sevoflurane anesthesia group (group S), and IP3R antagonist 2-APB+ multiple sevoflurane anesthesia group (group I+ S). Group S and group I+ S inhaled 3% sevoflurane anesthesia for 2 h starting from 6, 8 and 10 days after birth. In group I+ S, 2-APB 3 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected before each sevoflurane anesthesia. The open field test was performed at day 31 after birth to assess the spontaneous mobility. The Morris water maze test was performed at days 31-36 after birth to assess the cognitive function. Mice were sacrificed at the end of the water maze test, hippocampal CA1 region was isolated and hippocampal tissues were obtained for determination of the intracellular calcium ion concentration ([Ca 2+ ] i) and rate of necroptosis (using Flow cytometry) and expression of IP3R1, G protein-coupled receptor 75 (GRP75), receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1), RIPK3, and phosphorylated human mixed-series protein kinase-like structural domains (p-MLKL) (by Western blot). Transmission electron microscopy was performed to observe and record the partial length of MAMs, endoplasmic reticulum circumference and mitochondrial circumference. Results:There were no statistically significant differences in the speed, distance, and time of staying at the center in open field tests among the three groups ( P>0.05). Compared with group C, the escape latency was significantly prolonged on postnatal days 33-35, the number of crossing the original platform was reduced, the necroptosis rate in the hippocampal CA1 region and [Ca 2+ ] i were increased, the expression of IP3R, GRP75, RIPK1, RIPK3 and p-MLKL was up-regulated, and the ratio of MAMs partial length/endoplasmic reticulum perimeter and ratio of MAMs partial length/mitochondria perimeter in hippocampal neurons were elevated in group S ( P<0.05). Compared with group S, the escape latency was significantly shortened on postnatal days 32-35, the number of crossing the original platform was increased, the necroptosis rate in the hippocampal CA1 region and [Ca 2+ ] i were decreased, the expression of IP3R, GRP75, RIPK1, RIPK3 and p-MLKL was down-regulated, and the ratio of MAMs partial length/endoplasmic reticulum perimeter and ratio of MAMs partial length/mitochondria perimeter in hippocampal neurons were decreased in group I+ S ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Structural changes in MAMs in the hippocampal CA1 region mediated by the up-regulation of IP3R1 expression are involved in the process of long-term cognitive impairment induced by multiple exposures to sevoflurane anesthesia in neonatal mice.