Objective Corruption is the most common cadaver phenomenon in forensic practice and an important basis for inferring time of death(PMI),but the definition of corruption degree and the construction of model inference models have always been difficult in the practice of forensic science.Methods In this study,the late postmortem phenomena were observed.Meanwhile,the microbial flora structure of gut and gravesoil and the nature of gravesoil were detected,for analyzing the changes before and after the key moment of abdominal rupture which naturally happened during the cadaver decay.Results The results found that from the macroscopic and microscopic levels,there were significant differences in cadaver decay,including microbial flora structure and gravesoil properties before and after the key moment of the natural abdominal rupture during cadaver decay.The phenomena are highly observable and can be accurately judged by forensic examinations,as well as related means in the field of biology and physiochemistry.In this study,this critical event was called Rupture Point.Conclusion The Rupture Point can be used as an important node for the assessment of cadaver decay degree in the practice of forensic medicine.It can be utilized for a cut-off point as well when constructing PMI inference models based on microbial flora structure changes.The accuracy of PMI inference models can be improved when the models were constructed in segments.

Objective To investigate the role of complement C3 in early predicting pregnancy outcomes of frozen-thawed embryo transfer(F-ET).Methods A total of 378 F-ET cycles were prospectively collected and divided into group A(complement C3≤1.05,120 cycles)and group B(complement C3>1.05,258 cycles)based on the best cutoff value of complement C3 for predicting F-ET pregnancy outcomes.The outcomes of the two groups were compared,and the best cutoff value of complement C3 for predicting F-ET spontaneous abortion was analyzed in group B.Results Age was a risk factor for successful F-ET pregnancy(P<0.05),and complement C3 and embryo type were protective factors for successful F-ET pregnancy(P<0.05).The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve(ROC)of complement C3 for predicting F-ET pregnancy outcome was 0.702,and the best cutoff value was 1.05 g/L,with a clinical pregnancy sensitivity of 87.60%and a specificity of 52.00%.The clinical pregnancy rate and embryo implantation rate in group B were both significantly higher than those in group A(67.05%vs.52.75%,P<0.05).The best cutoff value of complement C3 for predicting spontaneous abortion after F-ET was 1.32 g/L,with an area under the ROC curve of 0.760,a sensitivity of 69.00%,and a specificity of 81.20%.Conclusions Complement C3 is of significance in the early prediction of F-ET pregnancy outcome.When complement C3 exceeds the level of 1.32 g/L,it may lead to an increase in the rate of spontaneous abortion.

Objective:To investigate the effect of complex decongestive therapy(CDT) on elephantiasis and skin texture improvement.Methods:The clinical data of patients with elephantiasis of lower limbs who were admitted to the Department of Plastic Surgery, Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2016 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients with elephantiasis of different causes were treated with CDT for 1 course (4 weeks). The skin texture parameters (skin water content, transepidermal water loss, skin fibrosis), limb circumference and segmental edema were measured before and after treatment and analyzed by paired t test. Pearson correlation analysis was used to detect the correlation between segmental edema and skin texture parameters before and after treatment. The subjective feelings of patients were recorded during follow-up. A self-designed online questionnaire was used to follow up the patient’s disease control status, including the limb circumferences, changes in quality of life (life, work, social and emotion), the adaptability to bandages and elastic socks. Data were classified and analysed as excellent, good, medium and poor.Results:A total of 20 patients were included, including 16 females and 4 males. The average age was 50.45 years (ranged 9-70 years). 5 cases were primary lymphedema and 15 cases were secondary lymphedema. The duration of the disease ranged from 2 years to 27 years, with an average of 8.4 years. After 1 course of treatment, the skin texture was significantly improved. The skin water content decreased from 55.6%±7.4% before treatment to 42.1%±7.4% after treatment ( P< 0.001). The transepidermal water loss decreased from (14.981±5.699) g·m -2·h -1 before treatment to (9.312±2.590) g·m -2·h -1 after treatment. The skin fibrosis decreased from (0.087±0.042) N before treatment to (0.065±0.033) N after treatment ( P<0.001). The circumference of the affected limb decreased from (11.09±3.14) cm before treatment to (4.82±2.83)cm after treatment ( P<0.001). The segmental edema decreased from (4.00±2.14)L before treatment to (1.21±0.78) L after treatment. Segmental edema was positively correlated with skin water content, transepidermal water loss, and skin fibrosis ( r=0.447, r=0.429, r=0.751, P<0.05). The patients were followed up for 6 months after treatment. The circumference control was excellent in 13 cases, good in 5 cases and moderate in 2 cases. The quality-of-life changes were excellent in 16 cases, good in 3 cases, medium in 1 case. The adaptability of elastic material was excellent in 9 cases, good in 8 cases, medium in 2 cases and poor in 1 case. Conclusions:CDT can reduce subcutaneous edema, effectively reduce limb volume, decrease skin fibrosis, improve skin barrier function, improve skin texture, restore the appearance of the limb and improve patients’ quality of life.

Objective:To investigate the effect of complex decongestive therapy(CDT) on elephantiasis and skin texture improvement.Methods:The clinical data of patients with elephantiasis of lower limbs who were admitted to the Department of Plastic Surgery, Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2016 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients with elephantiasis of different causes were treated with CDT for 1 course (4 weeks). The skin texture parameters (skin water content, transepidermal water loss, skin fibrosis), limb circumference and segmental edema were measured before and after treatment and analyzed by paired t test. Pearson correlation analysis was used to detect the correlation between segmental edema and skin texture parameters before and after treatment. The subjective feelings of patients were recorded during follow-up. A self-designed online questionnaire was used to follow up the patient’s disease control status, including the limb circumferences, changes in quality of life (life, work, social and emotion), the adaptability to bandages and elastic socks. Data were classified and analysed as excellent, good, medium and poor.Results:A total of 20 patients were included, including 16 females and 4 males. The average age was 50.45 years (ranged 9-70 years). 5 cases were primary lymphedema and 15 cases were secondary lymphedema. The duration of the disease ranged from 2 years to 27 years, with an average of 8.4 years. After 1 course of treatment, the skin texture was significantly improved. The skin water content decreased from 55.6%±7.4% before treatment to 42.1%±7.4% after treatment ( P< 0.001). The transepidermal water loss decreased from (14.981±5.699) g·m -2·h -1 before treatment to (9.312±2.590) g·m -2·h -1 after treatment. The skin fibrosis decreased from (0.087±0.042) N before treatment to (0.065±0.033) N after treatment ( P<0.001). The circumference of the affected limb decreased from (11.09±3.14) cm before treatment to (4.82±2.83)cm after treatment ( P<0.001). The segmental edema decreased from (4.00±2.14)L before treatment to (1.21±0.78) L after treatment. Segmental edema was positively correlated with skin water content, transepidermal water loss, and skin fibrosis ( r=0.447, r=0.429, r=0.751, P<0.05). The patients were followed up for 6 months after treatment. The circumference control was excellent in 13 cases, good in 5 cases and moderate in 2 cases. The quality-of-life changes were excellent in 16 cases, good in 3 cases, medium in 1 case. The adaptability of elastic material was excellent in 9 cases, good in 8 cases, medium in 2 cases and poor in 1 case. Conclusions:CDT can reduce subcutaneous edema, effectively reduce limb volume, decrease skin fibrosis, improve skin barrier function, improve skin texture, restore the appearance of the limb and improve patients’ quality of life.

Objective:To investigate the effect of complex decongestive therapy(CDT) on elephantiasis and skin texture improvement.Methods:The clinical data of patients with elephantiasis of lower limbs who were admitted to the Department of Plastic Surgery, Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2016 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients with elephantiasis of different causes were treated with CDT for 1 course (4 weeks). The skin texture parameters (skin water content, transepidermal water loss, skin fibrosis), limb circumference and segmental edema were measured before and after treatment and analyzed by paired t test. Pearson correlation analysis was used to detect the correlation between segmental edema and skin texture parameters before and after treatment. The subjective feelings of patients were recorded during follow-up. A self-designed online questionnaire was used to follow up the patient’s disease control status, including the limb circumferences, changes in quality of life (life, work, social and emotion), the adaptability to bandages and elastic socks. Data were classified and analysed as excellent, good, medium and poor.Results:A total of 20 patients were included, including 16 females and 4 males. The average age was 50.45 years (ranged 9-70 years). 5 cases were primary lymphedema and 15 cases were secondary lymphedema. The duration of the disease ranged from 2 years to 27 years, with an average of 8.4 years. After 1 course of treatment, the skin texture was significantly improved. The skin water content decreased from 55.6%±7.4% before treatment to 42.1%±7.4% after treatment ( P< 0.001). The transepidermal water loss decreased from (14.981±5.699) g·m -2·h -1 before treatment to (9.312±2.590) g·m -2·h -1 after treatment. The skin fibrosis decreased from (0.087±0.042) N before treatment to (0.065±0.033) N after treatment ( P<0.001). The circumference of the affected limb decreased from (11.09±3.14) cm before treatment to (4.82±2.83)cm after treatment ( P<0.001). The segmental edema decreased from (4.00±2.14)L before treatment to (1.21±0.78) L after treatment. Segmental edema was positively correlated with skin water content, transepidermal water loss, and skin fibrosis ( r=0.447, r=0.429, r=0.751, P<0.05). The patients were followed up for 6 months after treatment. The circumference control was excellent in 13 cases, good in 5 cases and moderate in 2 cases. The quality-of-life changes were excellent in 16 cases, good in 3 cases, medium in 1 case. The adaptability of elastic material was excellent in 9 cases, good in 8 cases, medium in 2 cases and poor in 1 case. Conclusions:CDT can reduce subcutaneous edema, effectively reduce limb volume, decrease skin fibrosis, improve skin barrier function, improve skin texture, restore the appearance of the limb and improve patients’ quality of life.

Objective:To investigate the effect of complex decongestive therapy(CDT) on elephantiasis and skin texture improvement.Methods:The clinical data of patients with elephantiasis of lower limbs who were admitted to the Department of Plastic Surgery, Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2016 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients with elephantiasis of different causes were treated with CDT for 1 course (4 weeks). The skin texture parameters (skin water content, transepidermal water loss, skin fibrosis), limb circumference and segmental edema were measured before and after treatment and analyzed by paired t test. Pearson correlation analysis was used to detect the correlation between segmental edema and skin texture parameters before and after treatment. The subjective feelings of patients were recorded during follow-up. A self-designed online questionnaire was used to follow up the patient’s disease control status, including the limb circumferences, changes in quality of life (life, work, social and emotion), the adaptability to bandages and elastic socks. Data were classified and analysed as excellent, good, medium and poor.Results:A total of 20 patients were included, including 16 females and 4 males. The average age was 50.45 years (ranged 9-70 years). 5 cases were primary lymphedema and 15 cases were secondary lymphedema. The duration of the disease ranged from 2 years to 27 years, with an average of 8.4 years. After 1 course of treatment, the skin texture was significantly improved. The skin water content decreased from 55.6%±7.4% before treatment to 42.1%±7.4% after treatment ( P< 0.001). The transepidermal water loss decreased from (14.981±5.699) g·m -2·h -1 before treatment to (9.312±2.590) g·m -2·h -1 after treatment. The skin fibrosis decreased from (0.087±0.042) N before treatment to (0.065±0.033) N after treatment ( P<0.001). The circumference of the affected limb decreased from (11.09±3.14) cm before treatment to (4.82±2.83)cm after treatment ( P<0.001). The segmental edema decreased from (4.00±2.14)L before treatment to (1.21±0.78) L after treatment. Segmental edema was positively correlated with skin water content, transepidermal water loss, and skin fibrosis ( r=0.447, r=0.429, r=0.751, P<0.05). The patients were followed up for 6 months after treatment. The circumference control was excellent in 13 cases, good in 5 cases and moderate in 2 cases. The quality-of-life changes were excellent in 16 cases, good in 3 cases, medium in 1 case. The adaptability of elastic material was excellent in 9 cases, good in 8 cases, medium in 2 cases and poor in 1 case. Conclusions:CDT can reduce subcutaneous edema, effectively reduce limb volume, decrease skin fibrosis, improve skin barrier function, improve skin texture, restore the appearance of the limb and improve patients’ quality of life.

OBJECTIVES: To analyze the effect of hyperlipoproteinemia (α) on immediate expansion after coronary stent implantation guided by intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). METHODS: A total of 160 patients (175 lesions) with coronary heart disease diagnosed by coronary artery angiography, who were performed percutaneous intervention guided by IVUS in the Department of Cardiology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, were enrolled retrospectively.According to the concentration of lipoproteina, the patients were divided into 2 groups: a hyperlipoproteinemia (α) group and a control group. Cardiac ejection fraction was measured with echocardiography. Logistic regression was used to analyze the influential factors for hyperlipoproteinemia (α). The target vessel was examined by IVUS to analyze the immediate expansion effect of hyperlipoproteinemia (α) after stent implantation. RESULTS: The mean stent expansion index, lesion length, stent number, stent symmetry index and posterior balloon diameter were (94.73±18.9)%, (52.92±29.1) mm, (2.11±0.85), (83.62±13.07)%, and (9.46±2.00) mm in the hyperlipoproteinemia (α) group, respectively. Compared with the control group, there were significantly difference (all CONCLUSIONS Hyperlipoproteinemia (α) appears to be a predictor of stent underexpansion, and the decreased creatinine clearance rate is an independent risk factor for hyperlipoproteinemia (α).
Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Artery Disease/surgery* ; Humans ; Lipoproteins ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/adverse effects* ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Stents/adverse effects* ; Treatment Outcome ; Ultrasonography, Interventional

Objective To evaluate the effect of methylene blue (MB) on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced apoptosis in macrophages through mitochondria-dependent pathway in mice.Methods Mouse peritoneal macrophage line RAW264.7 cells were cultured in DMEM culture medium containing 10％ fetal bovine serum.Cells were divided into 6 groups (n =24 each) using a random number table method:control group (group C),H2O2 group,prophylactic different concentrations of MB groups (MB1,2 groups) and therapeutic different concentrations of MB groups (MB3.4 groups).H2O2 50 μmol/L was added to the culture medium in group H2O2.MB was added to the culture medium with the final concentrations of 0.1 μmol/L (in MB1 and MB3 groups) and 1.0 μmol/L (in MB2 and MB4 groups) at 30 min before adding H2O2 in MB1.2 groups and 30 min after adding H2O2 in MB3.4 groups.At 24 h of culture or incubation in each group,the cell survival rate was measured by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay,the activity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells was determined with the fluorescent probe,the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in supernatant was detected by spectrophotometry,the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in cells was detected by colorimetric method,mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was measured using rhodamine 123 staining,the content of ATP was determined by an ATP bioluminescent method,the expression of pro-caspase-3 and spliceosomes P20 protein and P 18 protein was detected by Western blot,and cell apoptosis was detected using flow cytometry.Results Compared with group C,the cell survival rate,SOD activity and contents of MMP and ATP were significantly decreased,the ROS activity and activity of LDH in supernatant were increased,the expression of pro-caspase-3 and spliceosomes P20 protein and P18 protein was up-regulated,and early and late apoptosis rates were increased in the other five groups (P＜0.05).Compared with group H2O2,the cell survival rate,SOD activity and contents of MMP and ATP were significantly increased,the ROS activity and activity of LDH in supernatant were decreased,the expression of pro-caspase-3 and spliceosomes P20 protein and P18 protein was down-regulated,and early and late apoptosis rates were decreased in MB1-4 groups (P＜0.05).Compared with group MB1,the cell survival rate was significantly decreased,and the expression of caspase-3 spliceosome P 18 was down-regulated in group MB2,and the cell survival rate and SOD activity were significantly decreased,and the activity of ROS was increased in group MB3 (P＜0.05).Compared with group MB4,the expression of caspase-3 spliceosome P 18 was significantly down-regulated,early and late apoptosis rates were decreased,and the activity of ROS was increased in group MB2,and the activity of ROS was significantly increased in group MB3 (P＜0.05).Conclusion The mechanism by which MB attenuates H2O2-induced oxidative damage to macrophages is related to inhibiting cell apoptosis in macrophages through mitochondria-dependent pathway in mice.

AIM:To study the effects of methylene blue (MB) on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced mitochondrial injury in isolated rat hearts.METHODS:Spragure-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into 3 groups randomly (n=6): control group, I/R model group and MB treatment group (IR+MB group).The isolated rat hearts were prepared and set up to Langendorff perfusion.The rats in I/R+MB group received MB (2 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal injection 2 h before operation.The hearts in control group were perfused with K-H solution for 110 min consecutively.The hearts in I/R group and I/R+MB group were in equilibrium for 20 min, following by 45 min of global ischemia, and then reperfused for 60 min.The heart rate (HR), left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), left ventricular pressure maximum change rate (±dp/dtmax) and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) were recorded.The perfusate was collected to determine the activity of creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH).The contents of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the myocardial tissues were all determined.Histopathological examination of left ventricle was performed.The mitochondria from the heart tissues was isolated and the mitochondrial swelling and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were analyzed.RESULTS:Compared with control group, the hearts in I/R group showed poorer function, higher CK-MB and LDH levels in the perfusate, increased ROS and MDA contents, higher SOD activity and less ATP content in the heart tissues (P<0.05).Furthermore, the mitochondrial swelling level increased and MMP reduced in I/R group (P<0.05).Compared to I/R group, MB improved heart function and reduced the release of CK-MB and LDH (P<0.05).MB also decreased ROS and MDA contents, and increased the activity of SOD and the content of ATP (P<0.05).In addition, MB alleviated mitochondrial swelling and restored the reduced MMP (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: MB protects the isolated rat hearts from I/R-induced injury by attenuating the damage of mitochondria.

Objective To investigate the selective status of venous access among tumor patients with chemotherapy, and probe into the usage of different venous access devices and patient′s existed symptom distress and its degree of transfusion. Methods From January 2012 to January 2015, self designed questionnaire, which was about venous access influencing factors and symptom distress for tumor patients with chemotherapy, was used among 376 patients with chemotherapy selected from 2 level three class A hospitals in Guangzhou by convenient sampling method. We analyzed current venous access devices status, complications and patient′s transfusion related symptom distress degrees. Results The total score of transfusion distress among 376 tumor patients was (10. 06 ± 2. 31), in which the score of symptom was (1. 29 ± 1. 38), score of distress degree (9. 43 ± 2. 01), total incidence of symptom distress 63. 6% and total distress degree 51. 6%. The total score′s differences of symptom distress were statistical significant among different ages, difficult degrees of blood vessel puncture, times of chemotherapy and cancer stagings (P <0. 05). Conclusions A high symptom distress incidence of cancer patients′ transfusion happens, which leads to a high degree of patient′s symptom distress. Tumor patient′s transfusion related symptom distress degree impacts by patient′s ages, times of chemotherapy, diagnosis of cancer stagings.