BACKGROUND:Talus cartilage injury is a common motor system disease.This type of injury will affect the patient's daily life and work ability,and may worsen the condition if left untreated.Surgical treatment is commonly used,but the selection of surgical methods and the evaluation of medium-and long-term follow-up results have always been difficult clinical problems. OBJECTIVE:To explore the influence of T1ρ technique on the range of quantitative evaluation of talus osteochondral injury on the choice of surgical method and the results of medium-and long-term follow-up. METHODS:A total of 154 patients with osteochondral injury of talus admitted to The Second Hospital of Tangshan from January 2019 to August 2022 were retrospectively selected as the study subjects.The lesion site of talus was examined by MRI before operation,and the T1ρ and T2 values of different types were compared.Different surgical methods were selected according to the different T1ρ values.Group A(n=73)was treated with microfracture surgery with T1ρ<45 ms;group B(n=81)was treated with autogenous bone and cartilage transplantation with T1ρ≥45 ms.The general clinical characteristics and curative effects of patients under different surgical methods were compared;the important factors of postoperative recurrence were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression,and the relationship between T1ρ value and postoperative recurrence was analyzed by restricted cubic spline graph,y=1-1/(1+e-z)regression equation to build a prediction model.The stability of the model was verified by cross-checking method. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Classification of talus osteochondral injury in 154 patients(type Ⅰ:36 cases;type Ⅱ:37 cases;type Ⅲ:40 cases;type Ⅳ:41 cases),T1ρ and T2 values of the four groups were statistically significant(P<0.05);pairwise comparison was also statistically significant(all P<0.05).(2)After treatment of 154 patients,7 cases(4.6％)had local swelling,3 cases(2.0％)had pain aggravation,and 5 cases(3.3％)had wound infection.There were 2 cases(1.3％)with poor cartilage healing.(3)After treatment,there were statistically significant differences between groups A and B in terms of American Orthopaedic Foot&Ankle Society score,visual analog scale score,plantar flexor motion range,dorsoextension motion range,subchondral bone marrow edema volume,interleukin-6,interleukin-8,C-reactive protein,procalcitonin,platelet-derived growth factor,transforming growth factor-β1,and efficacy(P<0.05).The total effective rate of group B(90％)was higher than that of group A(85％)(P<0.05).(4)Age(OR=1.589,95％CI:0.305-1.252,P=0.036),interleukin-6(OR=1.737,95％CI:0.974-5.254,P=0.049),interleukin-8(OR=1.385,95％CI:1.066-4.355,P=0.034),C-reactive protein(OR=1.957,95％CI:1.323-2.178,P=0.035),transforming growth factor-β1(OR=1.459,95％CI:0.897-2.455,P=0.038),T1-ρ(OR=1.687,95％CI:0.854-3.321,P=0.026),T2(OR=1.843,95％CI:0.657-2.454,P=0.036),complications(OR=1.719,95％CI:0.654-3.464,P=0.019),and classification of osteochondral injury of talus(OR=3.789,95％CI:1.023-5.897,P=0.028)were independent risk factors for postoperative recurrence.Microfracture surgery(OR=0.751,95％CI:0.321-1.264,P=0.012)and autogenous bone and cartilage grafting(OR=0.649,95％CI:0.246-1.356,P=0.023)were independent protective factors for recurrence after medium-and long-term follow-up.(5)When T1ρ value≤35 ms,the risk of postoperative recurrence decreased rapidly,and when T1ρ value>35 ms,the risk of postoperative recurrence increased rapidly.(6)Further stepwise regression analysis showed that these nine risk factors were most closely associated with postoperative recurrence,and the formula for postoperative recurrence was obtained.The probability of postoperative recurrence was calculated using the regression equation.When P=0.75,the maximum value of Jorden index was 77.728,indicating that the model has a better prediction effect.(7)It is indicated that the quantitative evaluation of T1ρ before operation can effectively guide the selection of surgical methods,improve the success rate of surgery and the quality of life of patients.

In April 2024, the World Health Organization/International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) published the global cancer statistics 2022 in the CA: Cancer Journal for Clinicians. This report focuses on the incidence and mortality of 36 cancers in 185 countries or territories worldwide, analyzing the differences of gender, geographic region, and the Human Development Index (HDI) level. It is estimated that in the year 2022, there were 19.96 million new cancer cases and 9.74 million cancer deaths worldwide. Lung cancer (2 480 301, 12.4%) was the most frequently diagnosed cancer in 2022, followed by female breast cancer (2 295 686, 11.5%), colorectal cancer (1 926 118, 9.6%), prostate cancer (1 466 680, 7.3%), and gastric cancer (968 350, 4.9%). Lung cancer (1 817 172, 18.7%) was also the leading cause of cancer death, followed by colorectal cancer (903 859, 9.3%), liver cancer (757 948, 7.8%), female breast cancer (665 684, 6.9%), and gastric cancer (659 853, 6.8%). With demographics-based predictions indicating that the number of new cases of cancer will reach over 35 million by 2050. The Beijing Office for Cancer Prevention and Control team has collated this report and briefly interpreted it in combination with the current situation of cancer incidence and mortality in China.

In April 2024, the World Health Organization/International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) published the global cancer statistics 2022 in the CA: Cancer Journal for Clinicians. This report focuses on the incidence and mortality of 36 cancers in 185 countries or territories worldwide, analyzing the differences of gender, geographic region, and the Human Development Index (HDI) level. It is estimated that in the year 2022, there were 19.96 million new cancer cases and 9.74 million cancer deaths worldwide. Lung cancer (2 480 301, 12.4%) was the most frequently diagnosed cancer in 2022, followed by female breast cancer (2 295 686, 11.5%), colorectal cancer (1 926 118, 9.6%), prostate cancer (1 466 680, 7.3%), and gastric cancer (968 350, 4.9%). Lung cancer (1 817 172, 18.7%) was also the leading cause of cancer death, followed by colorectal cancer (903 859, 9.3%), liver cancer (757 948, 7.8%), female breast cancer (665 684, 6.9%), and gastric cancer (659 853, 6.8%). With demographics-based predictions indicating that the number of new cases of cancer will reach over 35 million by 2050. The Beijing Office for Cancer Prevention and Control team has collated this report and briefly interpreted it in combination with the current situation of cancer incidence and mortality in China.

We hereby reported the diagnosis, treatment process and perinatal outcome of a patient with novel coronavirus infection in perinatal period. The pregnant woman delivered a boy by cesarean section at 37⁺² gestational weeks due to severe liver dysfunction. She subsequently had a high fever 2 days later, and novel coronavirus infection was confirmed by nucleic acid test in a throat swab. After a 12-day isolation and support treatment, her two consecutive throat swab results for novel coronavirus turned negative and she was discharged. The novel coronavirus was tested in the patient's blood, urine, breast milk as well as the neonatal throat swab, and the results were all negative. The neonate had an elevated myocardial enzyme, but was otherwise well and was discharged after 14-day isolation with normal myocardial enzyme.

For the past several decades, the infectious disease profile in China has been shifting with rapid developments in social and economic aspects, environment, quality of food, water, housing, and public health infrastructure. Notably, 5 notifiable infectious diseases have been almost eradicated, and the incidence of 18 additional notifiable infectious diseases has been significantly reduced. Unexpectedly, the incidence of over 10 notifiable infectious diseases, including HIV, brucellosis, syphilis, and dengue fever, has been increasing. Nevertheless, frequent infectious disease outbreaks/events have been reported almost every year, and imported infectious diseases have increased since 2015. New pathogens and over 100 new genotypes or serotypes of known pathogens have been identified. Some infectious diseases seem to be exacerbated by various factors, including rapid urbanization, large numbers of migrant workers, changes in climate, ecology, and policies, such as returning farmland to forests. This review summarizes the current experiences and lessons from China in managing emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases, especially the effects of ecology, climate, and behavior, which should have merits in helping other countries to control and prevent infectious diseases.
Behavior ; China ; epidemiology ; Climate ; Communicable Diseases ; classification ; epidemiology ; Communicable Diseases, Emerging ; epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks ; Ecology ; Forecasting ; Humans ; Incidence

BACKGROUND:The human telomerase reverse transcriptase gene (hTERT) transfected into target cel s can play an important role in target cel proliferation and differentiation by increasing telomerase activity and maintaining telomere length. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of hTERT transfection on telomerase activity and biological characteristics of precartilage stem cel s culured in vitro. METHODS:Precartilage stem cel s cultured in vitro were subjected to hTERT gene transfection via a retrovirus vector pLXSN. Meanwhile, control and negative control groups were set up. After transfection, TRAP-ELISA assay was used to detect telomerase activity;RT-PCR and western blot employed to detect hTERT mRNA and protein expressions;cel counting kit-8 used to detect cel proliferaiton based on cel growth curve;and flow cytometry adopted to detect cel cycle and distribution. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The telomerase activity was significantly increased at 48 hours after hTERT gene was transfected into the precartilage stem cel s. After transfection of hTERT, hTERT mRNA and protein levels were significantly increased, the cel growth rate was significantly increased, the proportion of cel s at G 0/G 1 phase was decreased, and the number of S-phased cel s increased compared with the control group and negative control group. There were significant differences among the groups (P<0.05). In conclusion, hTERT transfection via retrovirus vector pLXSN can promote the proliferation of precartilage stem cel s in rats by increasing the telomerase activity.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the correlation of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) on diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) with the prognosis of locally advanced gastric carcinoma after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT).

METHODSPatients with locally advanced gastric carcinoma undergoing NACT in our hospital from November 2010 to September 2011 were enrolled in this prospective study. MRI examinations were performed before and after NACT. ADCs of the whole lesion (ADCentire) and high signal area on DWI (ADCmin) were calculated, and the cancer thickness on T2-weighted images was measured. All the patients were divided into long-term survival group and poor prognosis group, according to the 3-year survival status. The pre-therapy baseline values and early percentage changes (%delta) of the above parameters were compared between the two groups. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves were employed to compare the performance of the above parameters in the discrimination of different prognosis groups.

RESULTSA total of 24 patients were enrolled in the study. There were 14 patients of long-term survival group and 10 patients of poor prognosis group. No statistical difference in baseline ADCmin and ADCentire was shown between long-term survival group and poor prognosis group [ADCmin: (1.17 ± 0.23)×10⁻³ mm²/s vs. (1.23 ± 0.27) × 10⁻³ mm²/s, P>0.05; ADCentire: (1.43 ± 0.20) × 10⁻³ mm²/s vs. (1.50 ± 0.24) × 10⁻³ mm²/s, P>0.05]. The % ΔADCmin and % ΔADCentire were both higher in long-term survival group than those in poor prognosis group (% ΔADCmin: 21% vs. 5%, P=0.06; % ΔADCentire: 23% vs. 1%, P=0.02). Through ROC curves, the AUCs for pre-therapy cancer thickness, ADCmin and ADCentire were 0.693, 0.543 and 0.600 respectively, and AUCs for % deltathickness, % ΔADCmin and % ΔADCentire were 0.532, 0.729 and 0.779 respectively, in the differentiation of prognosis. Using % ΔADC≥15% to predict long-term survival, the positive predictive value (PPV) for % ΔADCmin was 81.8% and % ΔADCentire was 83.3%. Using % ΔADC ≤ 10% to predict poor prognosis, the PPV for % ΔADCmin was 63.6% and % ΔADCentire was 70.0%.

CONCLUSIONSThe change of ADC after NACT of gastric carcinoma is correlated with long-term prognosis. The significantly increased ADC is prone to signify long-term survival. ADCentire is better than ADCmin in the prognosis prediction.

Objective To investigate the correlation of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) on diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) with the prognosis of locally advanced gastric carcinoma after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). Methods Patients with locally advanced gastric carcinoma undergoing NACT in our hospital from November 2010 to September 2011 were enrolled in this prospective study. MRI examinations were performed before and after NACT. ADCs of the whole lesion (ADCentire) and high signal area on DWI (ADCmin) were calculated, and the cancer thickness on T2-weighted images was measured. All the patients were divided into long-term survival group and poor prognosis group, according to the 3-year survival status. The pre-therapy baseline values and early percentage changes (%△) of the above parameters were compared between the two groups. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves were employed to compare the performance of the above parameters in the discrimination of different prognosis groups. Results A total of 24 patients were enrolled in the study. There were 14 patients of long-term survival group and 10 patients of poor prognosis group. No statistical difference in baseline ADCmin and ADCentire was shown between long-term survival group and poor prognosis group [ADCmin: (1.17±0.23)×10-3 mm2/s vs. (1.23±0.27) ×10-3 mm2/s, P>0.05; ADCentire: (1.43±0.20)×10-3 mm2/s vs. (1.50±0.24)×10-3 mm2/s, P>0.05]. The %△ADCmin and %△ADCentire were both higher in long-term survival group than those in poor prognosis group (%△ADCmin: 21% vs. 5%, P=0.06; %△ADCentire: 23% vs. 1%, P=0.02). Through ROC curves, the AUCs for pre-therapy cancer thickness, ADCmin and ADCentire were 0.693, 0.543 and 0.600 respectively, and AUCs for %△thickness, %△ADCmin and %△ADCentire were 0.532, 0.729 and 0.779 respectively, in the differentiation of prognosis. Using %△ADC≥15% to predict long-term survival, the positive predictive value (PPV) for %△ADCmin was 81.8% and %△ADCentire was 83.3%. Using %△ADC≤10% to predict poor prognosis, the PPV for %△ADCmin was 63.6% and%△ADCentire was 70.0%. Conclusions The change of ADC after NACT of gastric carcinoma is correlated with long-term prognosis. The significantly increased ADC is prone to signify long-term survival. ADCentire is better than ADCmin in the prognosis prediction.

Objective To investigate the correlation of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) on diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) with the prognosis of locally advanced gastric carcinoma after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). Methods Patients with locally advanced gastric carcinoma undergoing NACT in our hospital from November 2010 to September 2011 were enrolled in this prospective study. MRI examinations were performed before and after NACT. ADCs of the whole lesion (ADCentire) and high signal area on DWI (ADCmin) were calculated, and the cancer thickness on T2-weighted images was measured. All the patients were divided into long-term survival group and poor prognosis group, according to the 3-year survival status. The pre-therapy baseline values and early percentage changes (%△) of the above parameters were compared between the two groups. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves were employed to compare the performance of the above parameters in the discrimination of different prognosis groups. Results A total of 24 patients were enrolled in the study. There were 14 patients of long-term survival group and 10 patients of poor prognosis group. No statistical difference in baseline ADCmin and ADCentire was shown between long-term survival group and poor prognosis group [ADCmin: (1.17±0.23)×10-3 mm2/s vs. (1.23±0.27) ×10-3 mm2/s, P>0.05; ADCentire: (1.43±0.20)×10-3 mm2/s vs. (1.50±0.24)×10-3 mm2/s, P>0.05]. The %△ADCmin and %△ADCentire were both higher in long-term survival group than those in poor prognosis group (%△ADCmin: 21% vs. 5%, P=0.06; %△ADCentire: 23% vs. 1%, P=0.02). Through ROC curves, the AUCs for pre-therapy cancer thickness, ADCmin and ADCentire were 0.693, 0.543 and 0.600 respectively, and AUCs for %△thickness, %△ADCmin and %△ADCentire were 0.532, 0.729 and 0.779 respectively, in the differentiation of prognosis. Using %△ADC≥15% to predict long-term survival, the positive predictive value (PPV) for %△ADCmin was 81.8% and %△ADCentire was 83.3%. Using %△ADC≤10% to predict poor prognosis, the PPV for %△ADCmin was 63.6% and%△ADCentire was 70.0%. Conclusions The change of ADC after NACT of gastric carcinoma is correlated with long-term prognosis. The significantly increased ADC is prone to signify long-term survival. ADCentire is better than ADCmin in the prognosis prediction.

Objective To validate the determination method of microbacteria limit of Shuitiaosan powder .Methods Plate counting method was used .The method of counting bacteria and mould was validated by the recovery rates with 5 control strains .The method of checking control bacteria was validated by observing cultivation of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the test group, positive control group and negative control group in the same environment .Results The recovery rate of every trail strains was higher than 70%when centrifugal sedimentation methods were used in the counting bacteria and mould .To the examination of con-trol bacteria , Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were detected by the centrifugal sedimentation methods .The tested strains were observed in the test group and in the positive control group .No strains were observed in the negative control group .Con-clusion The methods are simple , feasible, reliable and can be used for the examination of microbacteria limit .