Anxiety disorder is a major symptom of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with a comorbidity rate of ~40%. However, the neural mechanisms of the emergence of anxiety in ASD remain unclear. In our study, we found that hyperactivity of basolateral amygdala (BLA) pyramidal neurons (PNs) in Shank3 InsG3680 knock-in (InsG3680^+/+) mice is involved in the development of anxiety. Electrophysiological results also showed increased excitatory input and decreased inhibitory input in BLA PNs. Chemogenetic inhibition of the excitability of PNs in the BLA rescued the anxiety phenotype of InsG3680^+/+ mice. Further study found that the diminished control of the BLA by medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and optogenetic activation of the mPFC-BLA pathway also had a rescue effect, which increased the feedforward inhibition of the BLA. Taken together, our results suggest that hyperactivity of the BLA and alteration of the mPFC-BLA circuitry are involved in anxiety in InsG3680^+/+ mice.
Animals ; Prefrontal Cortex/metabolism* ; Basolateral Nuclear Complex/metabolism* ; Mice ; Anxiety/metabolism* ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics* ; Male ; Gene Knock-In Techniques ; Pyramidal Cells/physiology* ; Mice, Transgenic ; Neural Pathways/physiopathology* ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Microfilament Proteins

Objective To investigate the situation and influencing factors of preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) among dust-exposed workers in a wooden furniture manufacturing enterprise. Methods A total of 562 dust-exposed workers from a wooden furniture enterprise in Guangdong Province were selected as the study subjects using the convenience sampling method. The result of health-status questionnaire and occupational medical examinations among the participants were studied, and the influencing factors of PRISm were studied using the binary logistic regression analysis method. Results The detection rate of PRISm was 22.1% (124/562) among the study subjects. Binary logistic regression result showed that male workers had a higher risk of PRISm than female workers (P<0.01). Current smokers had a higher risk of PRISm than non-smokers (P<0.05). Workers with longer duration of exposure to occupational hazards had a higher risk of PRISm (P<0.05), those with higher grade of small-airway dysfunction had a higher risk of PRISm (P<0.01). In terms of body mass index, overweight or obese workers showed a higher detection rate of PRISm than those with normal weight (P<0.01). Greater amount of smoking pack per year had a higher risk of PRISm (P<0.01). Conclusion Dust-exposed workers in the wooden furniture manufacturing industry show a relatively high detection rate of PRISm. Male, current smoker, longer duration of exposure to occupational hazards, small airway dysfunction, overweight or obese, and smoking pack per year are influencing factors of PRISm among the dust-exposed workers in the wooden furniture manufacturing industry.

Objective To analyze a case of violations by an occupational medical examination (OME) institution and to explore the key control points for the supervision and management of OME institutions, as well as the core role of quality assessment in this context. Methods An OME institution suspected of illegal activities was used as the study subject. Retrospective analysis was conducted. Clues of suspected violations were identified by an on-site quality assessment. After investigation and verification by the local health authorities, legal action was taken against the institution for its violations. Results During an on-site quality assessment, the Guangdong Province OME quality control expert group discovered that the OME institution violated regulations, including unqualified personnel file, exceeding the scope of services category, issuing false reports, failing to report suspected occupational diseases on time, and failing to notify workers about suspected occupational diseases as required. The evidence was then submitted to the Guangdong Province OME Quality Control Center, which subsequently forwarded the case to local health administration department for filing and investigation. After the investigation, penalties were imposed on the OME institution for its illegal activities. Conclusion The key supervision and inspection points in the quality assessment of OME institutions include personnel file configuration, the quality control management system and its implementation, the quality of OME reports, and information reporting. Quality assessment plays a pivotal role in ensuring the legal and compliant practice of OME institutions, safeguarding the health rights and interests of workers, and enhancing the overall standard of the OME industry.

Nanomaterials have been used in a variety of industries recently,involving foods,chemi-cals and biomedicine.There are multiple routes through which humans are exposed to nanomaterials,and their toxic effects deserve more attention.In vivo studies have confirmed that nanomaterials expo-sure can lead to toxicity in such target organs as the heart,liver,kidney,skin and nerve.The toxicity mechanism is related to changes in organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum,lysosomes and mito-chondria.Increasing studies suggest that mitochondria are critical targets for the toxicity of nanomaterials.Mitochondrial biogenesis serves as an important mechanism for maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis,which plays a vital role in the process of nanomaterials-induced cellular toxicity.This article summarizes the current research on the effects of nanomaterials on mitochondrial biogenesis,and elaborates the mechanism through which nanomaterials disrupt mitochondrial biogenesis by triggering oxidative stress,upsetting the homeostasis of calcium ion and disturbing toxicity pathways.This article is expected to provide a reference for toxicity testing and risk assessment of nanomaterials.

Objective To compare the periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics(PAOO)effects of corticotomy with full mu-coperiosteal flap(flapped corticotomy)and corticotomy-only on accelerating orthodontic tooth movement.Methods A total of 60 healthy male SD rats(weighing 180-200 g)were selected and randomly divided into three groups.There were 20 rats each in the flapped corticotomy group,the corticotomy-only group,and the control group.After applying orthodontic instruments,5 rats each in the surgical group and the control group were killed by excessive anesthesia on 0,1,3,and 7 days after tooth movement.The tooth move-ment distances of the rats in the control group and the experimental group were counted,and immunohistochemical staining was per-formed to observe the corresponding molecular biological changes.Results There was no significant difference in accelerating ortho-dontic tooth movement between the flapped corticotomy group and the corticotomy-only group.Compared with traditional orthodontic tooth movement,both the flapped corticotomygroup and the corticotomy-only group could bring an increase in the expression of RANKL on the pressed periodontal side while there was no significant difference between the two experimental groups.Both the flapped corticot-omy and non-flapped corticotomy could enlarge the area of tissue formation in the periodontal tension zone,and still there was no signif-icant difference between the two surgical methods.Compared with traditional orthodontic tooth movement,both the flapped corticotomy group and the corticotomy-only group could lead to an increase in ALP,OCN and OPN expression on the periodontal tension zone.Conclusion Both flapped corticotomy and corticotomy play a significant role in accelerating orthodontic tooth movement and promoting alveolar bone formation in the early stage.Both surgical methods of PAOO can provide more efficient and stable biological support for orthodontic treatment.

Objective To compare the periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics(PAOO)effects of corticotomy with full mu-coperiosteal flap(flapped corticotomy)and corticotomy-only on accelerating orthodontic tooth movement.Methods A total of 60 healthy male SD rats(weighing 180-200 g)were selected and randomly divided into three groups.There were 20 rats each in the flapped corticotomy group,the corticotomy-only group,and the control group.After applying orthodontic instruments,5 rats each in the surgical group and the control group were killed by excessive anesthesia on 0,1,3,and 7 days after tooth movement.The tooth move-ment distances of the rats in the control group and the experimental group were counted,and immunohistochemical staining was per-formed to observe the corresponding molecular biological changes.Results There was no significant difference in accelerating ortho-dontic tooth movement between the flapped corticotomy group and the corticotomy-only group.Compared with traditional orthodontic tooth movement,both the flapped corticotomygroup and the corticotomy-only group could bring an increase in the expression of RANKL on the pressed periodontal side while there was no significant difference between the two experimental groups.Both the flapped corticot-omy and non-flapped corticotomy could enlarge the area of tissue formation in the periodontal tension zone,and still there was no signif-icant difference between the two surgical methods.Compared with traditional orthodontic tooth movement,both the flapped corticotomy group and the corticotomy-only group could lead to an increase in ALP,OCN and OPN expression on the periodontal tension zone.Conclusion Both flapped corticotomy and corticotomy play a significant role in accelerating orthodontic tooth movement and promoting alveolar bone formation in the early stage.Both surgical methods of PAOO can provide more efficient and stable biological support for orthodontic treatment.

Nanomaterials have been used in a variety of industries recently,involving foods,chemi-cals and biomedicine.There are multiple routes through which humans are exposed to nanomaterials,and their toxic effects deserve more attention.In vivo studies have confirmed that nanomaterials expo-sure can lead to toxicity in such target organs as the heart,liver,kidney,skin and nerve.The toxicity mechanism is related to changes in organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum,lysosomes and mito-chondria.Increasing studies suggest that mitochondria are critical targets for the toxicity of nanomaterials.Mitochondrial biogenesis serves as an important mechanism for maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis,which plays a vital role in the process of nanomaterials-induced cellular toxicity.This article summarizes the current research on the effects of nanomaterials on mitochondrial biogenesis,and elaborates the mechanism through which nanomaterials disrupt mitochondrial biogenesis by triggering oxidative stress,upsetting the homeostasis of calcium ion and disturbing toxicity pathways.This article is expected to provide a reference for toxicity testing and risk assessment of nanomaterials.

Background::The conversion of adenosine (A) to inosine (I) through deamination is the prevailing form of RNA editing, impacting numerous nuclear and cytoplasmic transcripts across various eukaryotic species. Millions of high-confidence RNA editing sites have been identified and integrated into various RNA databases, providing a convenient platform for the rapid identification of key drivers of cancer and potential therapeutic targets. However, the available database for integration of RNA editing in hematopoietic cells and hematopoietic malignancies is still lacking.Methods::We downloaded RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data of 29 leukemia patients and 19 healthy donors from National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and RNA-seq data of 12 mouse hematopoietic cell populations obtained from our previous research were also used. We performed sequence alignment, identified RNA editing sites, and obtained characteristic editing sites related to normal hematopoietic development and abnormal editing sites associated with hematologic diseases.Results::We established a new database, "REDH", represents RNA editome in hematopoietic differentiation and malignancy. REDH is a curated database of associations between RNA editome and hematopoiesis. REDH integrates 30,796 editing sites from 12 murine adult hematopoietic cell populations and systematically characterizes more than 400,000 edited events in malignant hematopoietic samples from 48 cohorts (human). Through the Differentiation, Disease, Enrichment, and knowledge modules, each A-to-I editing site is systematically integrated, including its distribution throughout the genome, its clinical information (human sample), and functional editing sites under physiological and pathological conditions. Furthermore, REDH compares the similarities and differences of editing sites between different hematologic malignancies and healthy control.Conclusions::REDH is accessible at http://www.redhdatabase.com/. This user-friendly database would aid in understanding the mechanisms of RNA editing in hematopoietic differentiation and malignancies. It provides a set of data related to the maintenance of hematopoietic homeostasis and identifying potential therapeutic targets in malignancies.

ObjectiveTo establish a managing mode for illegal and irregular acts of occupational medical examination (OME) institutions to the requirements of the new situation. Methods The OME institutions from the “Guangdong Province Key Occupational Disease Monitoring and Management Platform” were selected as the study subjects using the judgment sampling method. The clues of suspected illegal and irregular acts of OME institutions were found and submitted to the local health commission for investigation and managed according to the case information monitoring and on-site quality assessment. The OME institutions found to have illegal and irregular acts were filed and investigated according to the national law after investigation and verification. A “follow-up inspection” was conducted on five OME institutions for closed loop management. Results A total of 12 OME institutions were found to have suspected illegal and irregular acts, including seven institutions that did not meet the filing requirements for effective personnel, five institutions that conducted projects beyond the scope without filing to the provincial health authorities within 15 work days from the start of the project, and two institutions that failed to fulfill the obligation of informing and reporting to the health authorities, employers, and workers as required. After submitting relevant clues and evidence to the local health commission for investigation and management, seven institutions were not given penalty, and five institutions were given administrative penalties including two institutions were fined and warned, and three institutions were warned. No illegal or irregular acts were found in the five institutions inspected during the “follow-up inspection”. Conclusion It is beneficial to explore the managing mode of “clue discovery, clue submission, investigation and disposal, follow-up inspection” for OME institutions suspected of illegal and irregular acts, which helps urge OME institutions to work in accordance with laws and regulations and effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of workers' occupational health.

This study aims to prepare altrenogest extended-release tablets,evaluate their quality and establish a content determination method.The hydrophilic gel skeleton type,dosage and core thick-ness of altrenogest extended-release tablets were used as the investigating factors,and the release degree of the tablets was used as the investigating index,the prescription process of altrenogest ex-tended-release tablets was optimized by one-factor screening and central combinatorial design re-sponse surface method,and quality evaluation was carried out,the in vitro release model was es-tablished,and a high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)assay method was set up for the determination of altrenogest extended-release tablets.The results showed that the optimal pre-scription of altrenogest extended-release tablets was 2％as the main drug,70％as the solubilizer,0.5％as the lubricant,19.1％as the filler,8.4％as the hydrophilic gel skeleton material,and the thickness of the tablets was 3.8 mm.The in vitro drug release conformed to the Higuchi model,and the altrenogest showed a good linear relationship with the R2=0.999 98 in the range of 10-80 mg/L.The optimized process for the extended-release tablets was stable and had a good quality.The extended-release tablets were stable and had significant slow-release effect.The HPLC method is accurate and reliable and can be used for the determination of altrenogest in extended-release tablets.