Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Immunotherapy has emerged as a revolutionary approach to treat immune-related diseases. Dendritic cells (DCs) play a pivotal role in orchestrating immune responses, making them an attractive target for immunotherapeutic interventions. Modulation of gene expression in DCs using genome editing techniques, such as the CRISPR-Cas system, is important for regulating DC functions. However, the precise delivery of CRISPR-based therapies to DCs has posed a significant challenge. While lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have been extensively studied for gene editing in tumor cells, their potential application in DCs has remained relatively unexplored. This study investigates the important role of cholesterol in regulating the efficiency of BAMEA-O16B lipid-assisted nanoparticles (BLANs) as carriers of CRISPR/Cas9 for gene editing in DCs. Remarkably, BLANs with low cholesterol density exhibit exceptional mRNA uptake, improved endosomal escape, and efficient single-guide RNA release capabilities. Administration of BLAN_mCas9/gPD-L1 results in substantial PD-L1 gene knockout in conventional dendritic cells (cDCs), accompanied by heightened cDC1 activation, T cell stimulation, and significant suppression of tumor growth. The study underscores the pivotal role of cholesterol density within LNPs, revealing potent influence on gene editing efficacy within DCs. This strategy holds immense promise for the field of cancer immunotherapy, offering a novel avenue for treating immune-related diseases.

BACKGROUND: The available evidence regarding the benefits of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on patients receiving dialysis with coronary artery disease (CAD) is limited and inconsistent. This study aimed to evaluate the association between PCI and clinical outcomes as compared with medical therapy alone in patients undergoing dialysis with CAD in China. METHODS: This multicenter, retrospective study was conducted in 30 tertiary medical centers across 12 provinces in China from January 2015 to June 2021 to include patients on dialysis with CAD. The primary outcome was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), defined as a composite of cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, and non-fatal stroke. Secondary outcomes included all-cause death, the individual components of MACE, and Bleeding Academic Research Consortium criteria types 2, 3, or 5 bleeding. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the association between PCI and outcomes. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) and propensity score matching (PSM) were performed to account for potential between-group differences. RESULTS: Of the 1146 patients on dialysis with significant CAD, 821 (71.6%) underwent PCI. After a median follow-up of 23.0 months, PCI was associated with a 43.0% significantly lower risk for MACE (33.9% [ n  = 278] vs . 43.7% [ n  = 142]; adjusted hazards ratio 0.57, 95% confidence interval 0.45-0.71), along with a slightly increased risk for bleeding outcomes that did not reach statistical significance (11.1% vs . 8.3%; adjusted hazards ratio 1.31, 95% confidence interval, 0.82-2.11). Furthermore, PCI was associated with a significant reduction in all-cause and cardiovascular mortalities. Subgroup analysis did not modify the association of PCI with patient outcomes. These primary findings were consistent across IPTW, PSM, and competing risk analyses. CONCLUSION This study indicated that PCI in patients on dialysis with CAD was significantly associated with lower MACE and mortality when comparing with those with medical therapy alone, albeit with a slightly increased risk for bleeding events that did not reach statistical significance.
Humans ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/methods* ; Male ; Female ; Coronary Artery Disease/drug therapy* ; Retrospective Studies ; Renal Dialysis/methods* ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; China ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Treatment Outcome

PURPOSE: The study aimed to examine the pattern of motorization and the mortality rate related to road traffic crashes in Zunyi (a city in northern Guizhou province of China) from 2013 to 2022, and to identify the epidemiological characteristics of these crashes with to provide insights that could help improve road safety. METHODS: Data were obtained from the Zunyi traffic management data platform, and the mortality rates were calculated. We deployed various analytical methods, including descriptive analysis, Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test for categorical variables, circular distribution map analysis, and Rayleigh test to characterize the traits of road traffic crashes in the region. RESULTS: During the 10-year study period, 7488 people died due to road traffic accidents, with males accounting for 70.4% and females 29.6% (χ² = 101.97, p < 0.001). The mortality rate increased from 7.80 deaths per 100,000 people in 2013 to 10.70 deaths per 100,000 people in 2016, but then decreased to 9.54 deaths per 100,000 people in 2019. A notable finding was that the death rate per 10,000 vehicles declined from 16.09 deaths per 10,000 vehicles in 2013 to 5.48 deaths per 10,000 vehicles in 2022. The study also found that vulnerable road users represented nearly half (48.76%) of all accident fatalities, and unlicensed or inexperienced driving contributed significantly to the occurrence of road traffic accidents. CONCLUSION Although the number of road traffic accidents in Zunyi has decreased, there are still some critical issues that need to be addressed, particularly for vulnerable road users and unlicensed drivers. Our results highlight the need for targeted interventions to address the specific risk factors of road traffic crashes, particularly those affecting vulnerable road users and drivers without sufficient experience or license.
Humans ; Accidents, Traffic/statistics & numerical data* ; China/epidemiology* ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Child

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

AIM To establish an HPLC method for the simultaneous content determination of gallic acid,protocatechuic acid,morroniside,loganin,sweroside,paeoniflorin,hypericin,astragalin,salvianolic acid B,salvianolic acid A,epimedin C and icariin in Bushen Huoxue Sanjie Capsules.METHODS The analysis was performed on a 30℃thermostatic Agilent 5 TC-C18 column(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm),with the mobile phase comprising of acetonitrile-0.1%phosphoric acid flowing at 1.0 mL/min in a gradient elution manner,and the detection wavelength was set at 240 nm.RESULTS Twelve constituents showed good linear relationships within their own ranges(r≥0.999 8),whose average recoveries were 97.11%-101.14%with the RSDs of 0.60%-2.65%.CONCLUSION This simple,accurate and reproducible method can be used for the quality control of Bushen Huoxue Sanjie Capsules.

Objective To discuss the detection rate of the arc of Bühler(AOB)in CTA and DSA examinations and its clinical significance.Methods A computerized retrieval of academic papers concerning AOB from the databases of PubMed,Web of Science,Scopus,Embase,Google Scholar,CBM,CNKI,WanFang,VIP and Baidu Scholar was conducted.Stata 17.0 software was used to make meta-analysis.Results A total of 11 articles including 3 837 subjects and 65 AOB cases were included in this analysis.The pooled prevalence of AOB was 1.9％(0.8％-3.2％).CTA showed a pooled prevalence of AOB of 2.0％(0.5％-4.3％)and DSA showed a pooled prevalence of AOB of 1.8％(0.5％-3.9％).Conclusion Clinically,AOB is a rarely-seen anatomical variation.The possibility of the presence of an AOB should be considered when performing the relevant abdominal surgery so as to avoid causing operation difficulties and complications such as abdominal visceral organ ischemia or bleeding.(J Intervent Radiol,2024,33:604-609)

AIM To study the chemical constituents from Jiannaoning Mixture and their antioxidant activities.METHODS The extract was isolated and purified by silica gel,ODS,MCI,Sephadex LH-20 and semi-preparative HPLC,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.The antioxidant activities were studied by superoxide dismutase activity test.RESULTS Twenty compounds were isolated and identified as erythro-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-{4-[(E)-3-n-butetheryl-1-propenyl]-2-methoxyphenoxy}-1,3-propanediol (1),threo-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-{4-[(E)-3-n-butetheryl-1-propenyl]-2-methoxyphenoxy}-1,3-propanediol (2),5-hydroxy methylfurfural (3),syringin (4),benzyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (5),spinosyn (6),cordifolioidyne A (7),adenosine (8),jujubosides A (9),jujubosides B (10),salvianolic acid B (11),methyl 3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl lactate (12),methylophiopogonanone A (13),methylophiopogonanone B (14),tanshinone ⅡA (15),ethylparaben (16),triallyl isocyanurate (17),betulinic acid (18),diosgenin (19),4-(9H-β-carbolin-1-yl)-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid methyl ester (20).The IC50 values of compounds 7,11 and 19 were (8.52±1.13),(17.10±2.89),(11.45±1.31) μmol/L,respectively.CONCLUSION Compounds1-2 are new neolignans.Compounds3-5,8,16-17,20 are first isolated from the single ingredient of this formula.Compounds 7,11,17 have antioxidant activities.

Objective To evaluate platelet aggregation after 14 days of treatment with ticagrelor alone or aspirin plus ticagrelor in patients with stable coronary artery disease.Methods Patients with stable coronary artery disease receiving dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin 100 mg/d plus clopidogrel 75 mg/d were randomly assigned to ticagrelor monotherapy group or ticagrelor plus aspirin group after washout of ticagrelor monotherapy.Platelet aggregation rate was measured after 7 days and 14 days.Results 57 patients(32 in Ticagrelor monotherapy group and 25 in Ticagrelor+Aspirin group)completed the follow-up.The mean age was(61.16±7.87)years.The platelet aggregation rates induced by arachidonic acid(AA),adenosine diphosphate(ADP),and collagen-induced were similar at baseline and randomization in both groups.After 14 days of treatment,the ADP-induced platelet aggregation rates in both groups were significantly lower than the baseline,but there was no statistical difference between the two groups[(21.50±7.86)％vs.(21.92±10.21)％,P=0.864].The ADP-induced platelet aggregation rates in both groups decreased compared to randomization,but the Ticagrelor monotherapy group was significantly higher than the Ticagrelor+Aspirin group[(48.22±24.01)％vs.(8.67±5.96)％,P＜0.001].In the monotherapy group,5 patients had a significant increase in the AA-induced platelet aggregation after the discontinuation of aspirin.After 14 days of continued Ticagrelor monotherapy,the AA-induced platelet aggregation rate decreased significantly again(＜30％).Conclusions Ticagrelor monotherapy exerts a strong inhibitory effect on ADP-induced platelet aggregation and a mild inhibitory effect on the AA-induced platelet aggregation.In addition to its strong inhibitory effect on ADP-induced platelet aggregation,the mild inhibitory effect of Ticagrelor on the AA-induced pathway may have some clinical significance for the early de-escalation of dual antiplatelet therapy to monotherapy in patients.