ObjectiveTo explore the mechanism by which Qijia Rougan decoction ameliorates liver fibrosis through amino acid/fatty acid metabolic reprogramming and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase （PI3K）/protein kinase B （Akt） pathway， based on the miRNA-mRNA regulatory network and the interaction between metabolism and signaling pathways. MethodsSprague-Dawley （SD） rats were randomized into four groups （n=8）： control， model， and low-dose and high-dose （7.0， 28.0 g·kg^-1·d^-1， respectively） Qijia Rougan decoction. Liver fibrosis was induced by subcutaneous injection of carbon tetrachloride （CCl₄）. From week 9， drug intervention was implemented for 7 weeks. After the final administration， the pathological changes in the liver were evaluated through hematoxylin-eosin （HE） and picrosirius red （PSR） staining. An automated biochemical analyzer was used to measure the serum levels of biochemical indicators， including alanine aminotransferase （ALT）， aspartate aminotransferase （AST）， alkaline phosphatase （ALP）， total bile acid （TBA）， albumin （ALB）， and cholesterol （TC）. High-throughput miRNA sequencing was performed to identify differentially expressed miRNAs （DemiRs） during liver fibrosis. A miRNA-mRNA interaction network was constructed to identify key targets， which were then subjected to GO and KEGG enrichment analyses. The expression levels of selected DemiRs were validated by Real-time PCR. ResultsCompared with the control group， the model group showed marked hepatic lobular necrosis， increased collagen deposition， significant fibrosis， elevated serum levels of ALT， AST， ALP， and TBA （P<0.01）， and declined levels of ALB and TC （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， Qijia Rougan decoction treatment reduced hepatic necrosis， collagen accumulation， and fibrosis， lowered the serum levels of ALT， AST， ALP， and TBA （P<0.01）， and raised the levels of ALB and TC （P<0.01）. Integrated miRNA-seq and RNA-seq analysis identified 31 DemiRs （6 upregulated and 25 downregulated） and 498 targets. The expression trends of four selected DemiRs， including rno-miRNA-376b-3p， were consistent with sequencing results （R²=0.93）. Functional annotation revealed that top 20 upregulated targets were enriched in amino acid and fatty acid metabolism， while top 20 downregulated targets were significantly associated with the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and cancer progression. ConclusionQijia Rougan decoction alleviates liver fibrosis by reconstructing the miRNA-mRNA regulatory network， promoting metabolic reprogramming， and inhibiting the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. These findings provide mechanism evidence supporting the multi-targeted antifibrotic effects of traditional Chinese medicine compound formulas.

ObjectiveTo investigate whether the CD151 YXXφ motif point mutant affects vascular permeability by regulating vesicle internalization and recycling. MethodsCD151 knockout （KO） and wild-type （WT） mice were used. A modified Miles assay was performed to compare vascular permeability in the dorsal and postauricular skin of the two groups of mice under vascular endothelial growth factor A （VEGF-A） stimulation. The CD151 YXXφ motif point mutant YALA was constructed and transfected into human endothelial cells （EA.hy926） using an adenoviral vector. Multiple experimental groups were set up to detect the permeability of endothelial cell monolayers to FITC-dextran under baseline conditions and after VEGF-A stimulation. Western blot （WB）， RT-qPCR， and immunofluorescence were used to examine the expression and distribution of VE-cadherin. The internalization rate of VE-cadherin was quantitatively compared using a cell surface biotinylation assay. Phalloidin was used to label F-actin to observe changes in cytoskeletal tension. ResultsThe Miles assay showed that under VEGF-A stimulation， dye extravasation in the dorsal and postauricular skin of KO mice was significantly higher than that in WT mice （all P<0.05）. At 60 min and 120 min after VEGF-A stimulation， the permeability of endothelial cell monolayers overexpressing the YALA mutant to FITC-dextran significantly increased （P<0.05）. WB and RT-qPCR results indicated that the YALA mutant did not affect the total protein or mRNA expression levels of VE-cadherin. Immunofluorescence revealed that the YALA mutant disrupted the continuous distribution of VE-cadherin on the cell membrane and its perinuclear co-localization with CD151 under VEGF-A stimulation. The cell surface biotinylation assay confirmed that the YALA mutant significantly reduced the internalization rate of VE-cadherin （P<0.05）. Cytoskeletal staining showed that the YALA mutant caused the formation of thick tension fibers in the actin cytoskeleton of endothelial cells， indicating cell contraction. ConclusionThe CD151 YXXφ motif point mutation affects vesicle internalization and recycling in endothelial cells， influences the expression and internalization of VE-cadherin， and consequently affects vascular permeability.

Objective:To assess the effect of joint exposure to multiple air pollutants on sleep structure in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), identify key air pollutants, and analyze potential influencing factors.Methods:In this panel study, 92 stable COPD patients were recruited. From March 2021 to September 2023 in Beijing, all participants completed 254 nights of sleep monitoring. The total sleep duration, light sleep duration, deep sleep duration and rapid eye movement sleep duration and their respective proportions in total sleep duration were recorded. The exposure levels of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5), inhalable particulate matter (PM 10), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2), ozone (O 3), sulfur dioxide (SO 2), and carbon monoxide (CO) were estimated based on the infiltration factor method and time-activity logs of participants. To assess the lag effect of air pollutants, moving average concentrations of air pollutants from 0-1 day to 0-3 months were calculated. The linear mixed-effect model and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) model were used to assess the single and joint effects of air pollutants on sleep structure parameters in COPD patients, respectively. Results:All six types of air pollutants were associated with changes in sleep structure, manifesting as an increase in total sleep duration and light sleep proportion and a reduction in deep sleep proportion. The effects of O 3 were strongest at lag 0-6 days, while other air pollutants were at lag 0-3 months. Joint exposure to multiple air pollutants exerted significant joint effects on sleep structure, and NO 2 was identified as the dominant pollutant. NO 2 had a posterior inclusion probability (PIP) greater than 0.5 for light sleep proportion (PIP=0.691) and deep sleep proportion (PIP=0.957). With an interquartile range (IQR) increase of 8.6 μg/m 3 in NO 2 at lag 0-3 months, the light sleep proportion increased by 10.5% (95% CI: 2.2%-19.4%), and the deep sleep proportion decreased by 19.5% (95% CI:-30.6%- -6.8%). Conclusion:Joint exposure to air pollutants is associated with changes in sleep structure in stable COPD patients, and NO 2 may be a key pollutant.

There is significant inter-individual variation of pharmacokinetics and pharmacody-namics in patients receiving tacrolimus(TAC)for an-ti-rejection therapy,which cause the rejection or toxic action.Based on results of therapeutic drug monitoring and pathophysiological index of trans-plant patients,the individualized dosing regimen can be designed and adjusted by using model in-formed precision dosing(MIPD).The patients'clini-cal outcome can be improved.In the consensus,the different methods of MIPD used for patients re-ceived TAC for anti-rejection therapy were intro-duced,which can be used for the designing and ad-justing doing regimen,predicting adverse drug reac-tion,improving medication adherence and econom-ics during therapy.

Objective:To report the blood group antigen and antibody specificity identification methods for a patient with high-frequency antibodies, and the process of finding and providing compatible blood for the patient.Methods:A patient sent from the Blood Transfusion Department of Shanxi Provincial People′s Hospital to Taiyuan Blood Center in November 2022 was selected for the study. Classical serological methods were used to determine the patient′s blood type, screen for unexpected antibodies, identify antibodies, and perform crossmatching. High-frequency antibody identification was carried out using red blood cells treated with various enzymes. Blood group genotyping was conducted using Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) and Sanger sequencing. Multiple strategies were employed to address the patient′s blood source problem. The study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Taiyuan Blood Center [Ethics No. 2024 Ethics Review No.(2)].Results:①The patient′s blood type was B, RhD positive. Initial screening of the patient′s serum with multiple screening cells and antibody identification cells in saline medium was negative, but positive in antiglobulin medium. The patient′s serum showed varying reaction intensities with red blood cells treated with different enzymes. ②MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and Sanger sequencing revealed a homozygous nonsense variant c. 376C>T (p.Gln126Ter) in the ABCG2 gene, resulting in the Jr(a-) phenotype. During family donor selection, the patient′s son was found to have a heterozygous variant c. 376C>T (p.Gln126Ter), and another heterozygous variant c. 421C>A (p.Gln141Lys), which predicted a Jr(a+ w) phenotype. ③Crossmatch tests confirmed the compatibility of blood from the patient′s son, which was used to address the urgent blood requirement. Later, rare blood from a Jr(a-) donor from the Guangzhou Blood Center was used for the patient′s ongoing treatment, saving the patient′s life. Conclusion:Combining classic serological testing with blood group gene typing techniques successfully identified the rare Jr(a-) blood type and high-frequency anti-Jra antibodies. Enzyme-treated red blood cell identification methods confirmed the presence of anti-Jra antibodies. By searching within the family and seeking help from other blood centers, compatible blood was found. This approach may provide insights for resolving similar complex blood matching problems in the future.

OBJECTIVE: To report the blood group antigen and antibody specificity identification methods for a patient with high-frequency antibodies, and the process of finding and providing compatible blood for the patient. METHODS: A patient sent from the Blood Transfusion Department of Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital to Blood Transfusion Technology Research Laboratory of Taiyuan Blood Center in November 2022 was selected for the study. Classical serological methods were used to determine the patient's blood type, screen for unexpected antibodies, identify antibodies, and perform crossmatching. High-frequency antibody identification was carried out using red blood cells treated with various enzymes. Blood group genotyping was conducted using Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) and Sanger sequencing. Multiple strategies were employed to address the patient's blood source problem. The study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Taiyuan Blood Center [Ethics No. 2024 Ethics Review No.(2)]. RESULTS: The patient's blood type was B, RhD positive. Initial screening of the patient's serum with multiple screening cells and antibody identification cells in saline medium was negative, but positive in antiglobulin medium. The patient's serum showed varying reaction intensities with red blood cells treated with different enzymes. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and Sanger sequencing revealed a homozygous nonsense variant c.376C>T (p.Gln126Ter) in the ABCG2 gene, resulting in the Jr(a-) phenotype. During family donor selection, the patient's son was found to have a heterozygous variant c.376C>T (p.Gln126Ter), and another heterozygous variant c.421C>A (p.Gln141Lys), which predicted a Jr(a+w) phenotype. Crossmatch tests confirmed the compatibility of blood from the patient's son, which was used to address the urgent blood requirement. Later, rare blood from a Jr(a-) donor from the Guangzhou Blood Center was used for the patient's ongoing treatment, saving the patient's life. CONCLUSION Combining classic serological testing with blood group gene typing techniques successfully identified the rare Jr(a-) blood type and high-frequency anti-Jra antibodies. Enzyme-treated red blood cell identification methods confirmed the presence of anti-Jra antibodies. By searching within the family and seeking help from other blood centers, compatible blood was found. This approach may provide insights for resolving similar complex blood matching problems in the future.
Humans ; Blood Grouping and Crossmatching/methods* ; Blood Group Antigens/immunology* ; Blood Transfusion ; Male ; Isoantibodies/blood* ; Female ; Genotype

Objective:To report the blood group antigen and antibody specificity identification methods for a patient with high-frequency antibodies, and the process of finding and providing compatible blood for the patient.Methods:A patient sent from the Blood Transfusion Department of Shanxi Provincial People′s Hospital to Taiyuan Blood Center in November 2022 was selected for the study. Classical serological methods were used to determine the patient′s blood type, screen for unexpected antibodies, identify antibodies, and perform crossmatching. High-frequency antibody identification was carried out using red blood cells treated with various enzymes. Blood group genotyping was conducted using Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) and Sanger sequencing. Multiple strategies were employed to address the patient′s blood source problem. The study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Taiyuan Blood Center [Ethics No. 2024 Ethics Review No.(2)].Results:①The patient′s blood type was B, RhD positive. Initial screening of the patient′s serum with multiple screening cells and antibody identification cells in saline medium was negative, but positive in antiglobulin medium. The patient′s serum showed varying reaction intensities with red blood cells treated with different enzymes. ②MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and Sanger sequencing revealed a homozygous nonsense variant c. 376C>T (p.Gln126Ter) in the ABCG2 gene, resulting in the Jr(a-) phenotype. During family donor selection, the patient′s son was found to have a heterozygous variant c. 376C>T (p.Gln126Ter), and another heterozygous variant c. 421C>A (p.Gln141Lys), which predicted a Jr(a+ w) phenotype. ③Crossmatch tests confirmed the compatibility of blood from the patient′s son, which was used to address the urgent blood requirement. Later, rare blood from a Jr(a-) donor from the Guangzhou Blood Center was used for the patient′s ongoing treatment, saving the patient′s life. Conclusion:Combining classic serological testing with blood group gene typing techniques successfully identified the rare Jr(a-) blood type and high-frequency anti-Jra antibodies. Enzyme-treated red blood cell identification methods confirmed the presence of anti-Jra antibodies. By searching within the family and seeking help from other blood centers, compatible blood was found. This approach may provide insights for resolving similar complex blood matching problems in the future.

Objective:To assess the effect of joint exposure to multiple air pollutants on sleep structure in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), identify key air pollutants, and analyze potential influencing factors.Methods:In this panel study, 92 stable COPD patients were recruited. From March 2021 to September 2023 in Beijing, all participants completed 254 nights of sleep monitoring. The total sleep duration, light sleep duration, deep sleep duration and rapid eye movement sleep duration and their respective proportions in total sleep duration were recorded. The exposure levels of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5), inhalable particulate matter (PM 10), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2), ozone (O 3), sulfur dioxide (SO 2), and carbon monoxide (CO) were estimated based on the infiltration factor method and time-activity logs of participants. To assess the lag effect of air pollutants, moving average concentrations of air pollutants from 0-1 day to 0-3 months were calculated. The linear mixed-effect model and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) model were used to assess the single and joint effects of air pollutants on sleep structure parameters in COPD patients, respectively. Results:All six types of air pollutants were associated with changes in sleep structure, manifesting as an increase in total sleep duration and light sleep proportion and a reduction in deep sleep proportion. The effects of O 3 were strongest at lag 0-6 days, while other air pollutants were at lag 0-3 months. Joint exposure to multiple air pollutants exerted significant joint effects on sleep structure, and NO 2 was identified as the dominant pollutant. NO 2 had a posterior inclusion probability (PIP) greater than 0.5 for light sleep proportion (PIP=0.691) and deep sleep proportion (PIP=0.957). With an interquartile range (IQR) increase of 8.6 μg/m 3 in NO 2 at lag 0-3 months, the light sleep proportion increased by 10.5% (95% CI: 2.2%-19.4%), and the deep sleep proportion decreased by 19.5% (95% CI:-30.6%- -6.8%). Conclusion:Joint exposure to air pollutants is associated with changes in sleep structure in stable COPD patients, and NO 2 may be a key pollutant.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Xiaoxuming Decoction combined with conventional Western medicine therapy in the treatment of patients with ischemic stroke in the recovery period.Methods:A randomized controlled clinical study was conducted. A total of the 118 patients with wind phlegm obstructing collaterlas syndrome during the recovery period of ischemic stroke in our hospital from September 2023 to July 2024 were selected as the observation subjects. They were divided into two groups using a random number table method, with 59 patients in each group. The control group was treated with conventional Western medicine therapy, while the TCM group was treated with modified Xiaoxuming Decoction on the basis of the control group. Both groups were treated for 2 months and followed up for 1 month. TCM syndrome scoring was performed before and after treatment, Barthel Index was used to evaluate daily living ability, and carotid artery ultrasound detector was used to evaluate the stability of carotid vascular plaques. Inter group comparisons were performed using t test, χ2 test, or repeated measures analysis of variance (RM-ANOVA). Results:RM-ANOVA showed that the time effect and inter group effect of TCM syndrome integration in the TCM group were significantly different from those in the control group ( Ftime=55.56, Ptime<0.001); Fbetween=18.94, Pbetween<0.001); there was no statistical significance in the interaction effect compared to the control group ( Finteraction=0.24, Pinteraction=0.866); the time effect, inter group effect, and interaction effect of Barthel Index in the TCM group were significantly different from those in the control group ( Ftime=44.57, Ptime<0.001); Fbetween=18.94, Pbetween<0.001; Finteraction=7.45, Pinteraction<0.001). The number of patients with unstable plaques in the TCM group after 3 months of treatment was lower than that in the control group ( χ2=4.52, P=0.033). Conclusion:The combination of modified Xiaoxuming Decoction and conventional Western medicine therapy can effectively improve the clinical symptoms and daily living ability of patients in the recovery period of ischemic stroke, improve the stability of cervical vascular plaques, and the clinical efficacy becomes more significant over time.

Objective : To explore the effect and mechanism of CD151 on vascular permeability by regulating vesicle internalization and recycling. Methods: Wild-type mice and CD151 knockout mice were divided into WT-con group, WT-model group, KO-con group and KO-model group, with 6 mice in each group. WT-model group and KO-model group were intraperitoneally injected with LPS to prepare sepsis ALI model, and WT-con group and KO-con group were intraperitoneally injected with phosphate buffer saline(PBS) as a control. 24 h after modeling, pulmonary vascular permeability was measured by Miles test. The siRNA silencing CD151 expression(si-CD151) and negative control si-NC were transfected into EA.hy 926 cells. The permeability of endothelial cell layer to FITC-dextran at different time points was observed under basic conditions and vascular endothelial growth factor-A(VEGF-A) stimulation conditions. Transcriptome sequencing of endothelial cells in si-CD151 group and si-NC group; the distribution and internalization of CD151 in each group were measured using immunofluorescence. Western blot and real-time quantitative RT-qPCR were used to detect the expression of VE-cadherin in si-CD151 groupand other groups. The distribution and internalization of VE-cadherin in each group were measured using immunofluorescence. Results : Miles experiment results indicated that dye exudation in lung tissue of WT-model group was significantly higher than that of WT-con group(P<0.01). The dye exudation in the lung tissue of KO-model group increased compared with WT-model group(P<0.05). The results of endothelial cell layer permeability test showed that the permeability of FITC-dextran in si-CD151 group was significantly higher than that in control group after VEGF-A stimulation for 30, 60 and 120 min(P<0.05). Transcriptome sequencing results suggested that CD151 in endothelial cells was closely related to vesicle-mediated transport. Compared with other groups, protein and mRNA levels of VE-cadherin in CD151 knockdown endothelial cells was significantly lower(allP<0.01). The immunofluorescence assay demonstrated that after VEGF-A stimulation, the decrease of CD151 expression significantly impaired the expression of VE-cadherin at cell-cell contacts and reduced the CD151-VE-cadherin colocalization in the perinuclear region compared with other groups. Conclusion The absence of CD151 affects the internalization and recycling of endothelial cell vesicles, affects the expression and internalization of VE-cadherin, and then influences vascular permeability.