<p style="text-align: justify;">BACKGROUND: Epithelial ovarian cancer remains to be the leading cause of death from gynecologic malignancy. Survival is influenced primarily by FIGO stage amount of residual disease and histologic type. Unfortunately, such prognostic factors still fail to account fully for the biologic behavior of ovarian carcinomas. It is of interest therefore to identify new prognostic factors which are more objective, quantifiable and reproducible. DNA ploidy has been shown to be an independent prognostic factor in epithelial ovarian malignancies.
OBJECTIVE: The general objective of the study was to determine the ploidy characteristics of epithelial tumors of ovary. The specific objectives were to determine the association of age and aneuploidy, the association of tumor size and aneuploidy and the association of stage and aneuploidy.
METHODS: Patients who underwent surgical staging and/or tumor debulking for ovarian cancer with final histopathologic results of epithelial ovarian carcinoma were included in the study. Exclusion criteria included previous treatment with chemotheraphy or radiotherapy and previous or concomitant malignant diseases. DNA ploidy was determined using flow cytometry of paraffin embedded blocks.
RESULTS: DNA ploidy was obtained in 109 paraffin-embedded blocks of epithelial cancers of the ovary. Aneuploidy was establish in 14 of the total 109 samples (12.8%) as follows: 2 from 24 mucinous cystadenocarcinoma (14.2%), 2 from 24 mucinous tumor of low malignant potential (14.2%), 5 from 29 serious cystadenocarcinoma (17%), 5 from 30 endometriod carcinoma (16%).
CONCLUSION: The prevalence of aneuploidy in epithelial ovarian cancer is 12.8% and aneuploidy is higher for serous adecarcinoma and endometriod adenocarcinoma compared to mucinous tumors of low malignant potential and mucinous cystadenocarcinoma.p>
Human ; Ovarian Epithelial Cancer ; Cystadenocarcinoma, Mucinous ; Flow Cytometry ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Cystadenocarcinoma ; Adenocarcinoma ; Ploidies ; Aneuploidy

<p style="text-align: justify;">BACKGROUND: The use of metformin in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has become increasingly accepted but clinical practice is ahead of the evidence. A wide range of metabolic and reproductive benefits have been reported from non-randomized trials with Metformin.
METHODS: Of the 107 women enrolled in the randomized controlled study,53 women were assigned to the Metformin group and 54 to the Insulin group. Only 30 women completed the Metformin arm and 42 completed the Insulin arm of the study. The ideal analysis was to perform evaluation according to the intention to treat principle on the desired number of population. However, there was a decreasing trend in the number of admissions of GDM patients as compared to the average of 167.5 in the Philippine General Hospital.
RESULTS: The maternal outcome of fasting blood glucose
Human ; Blood Glucose ; Diabetes, Gestational ; Insulin ; Metformin ; Glucose ; Premature Birth ; Fasting ; Hypoglycemia ; Postprandial Period

<p style="text-align: justify;">This is the case of an 81 year-old G4P4 (4003), a diagnosed case of Paget's disease of the vulva, who underwent wide local excision a year prior to present admission. A year after her initial vulvar surgery, she developed a presumed recurrence of the Paget's disease in the right groin area extending to the supero-anterior aspects of the right thigh and right aspects of the mons pubis. She underwent a repeat local excision, superficial groin node biopsy and abdominal rotation flap but final histopathology revealed a vulvar adenocarcinoma, a completely different histology from the pathology a year ago, despite a side-by-side review of the two microscopic specimens. Clearly, a case of the two metachronous tumors of the vulva developed in the patient.p>
Human ; Female ; Aged 80 And Over ; Groin ; Thigh ; Rotation ; Pubic Bone ; Vulvar Neoplasms ; Biopsy ; Lymph Nodes ; Adenocarcinoma