For patients with edentulous maxillae, creating a prosthetic treatment plan involves considering anatomical factors, aesthetics, the patient’s financial situation, and oral hygiene capabilities. In this case, CAD-CAM technology was used to accurately plan implant placements for a full arch fixed restoration based on the design of the final prosthesis. A customized surgical guide ensured precise implant placement and a provisional restoration was created using CAD-CAM. The definitive prosthesis was then created based on the second provisional restoration that has been previously used and adjusted by the patient. This approach achieved an excellent functional and aesthetic outcome, highlighting the benefits of digital approach and its potential for further clinical applications.

For patients with a few remaining abutment teeth, traditional removable partial dentures and implant-supported fixed prostheses are common treatment options.However, removable dentures often struggle to provide stability, especially as bone resorption occurs over time. Implant-supported fixed prostheses offer longterm stability but are costly and affected by anatomical and medical factors. A newer option is implant-assisted removable partial dentures, which use a minimal number of implants combined with a surveyed crown. This approach enhances support, retention, and stability while reducing financial and surgical burdens. It also improves the prognosis of the remaining teeth, increases patient satisfaction, and enhances masticatory function, making it a promising alternative to conventional removable dentures.

Purpose: This study assessed the impact of hepatic fibrosis on the diagnostic performance of the controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) in quantifying hepatic steatosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Methods: CHB patients who underwent liver stiffness measurement (LSM) and CAP assessment using transient elastography before liver resection between 2019 and 2022 were retrospectively evaluated. Clinical data included body mass index (BMI) and laboratory parameters. The histologically determined hepatic fat fraction (HFF) and fibrosis stages were reviewed by pathologists blinded to clinical and radiologic data. The Pearson correlation coefficient between CAP and HFF was calculated. The diagnostic performance of CAP for significant hepatic steatosis (HFF ≥10%) was assessed using areas under the receiver operating curve (AUCs), stratified by fibrosis stages (F0-1 vs. F2-4). Factors significantly associated with CAP were determined by univariable and multivariable linear regression analyses. Results: Among 399 CHB patients (median age 59 years; 306 men), 16.3% showed significant steatosis. HFF ranged from 0% to 60%. Of these patients, 9.8%, 19.8%, 29.3%, and 41.1% had fibrosis stages F0-1, F2, F3, and F4, respectively. CAP positively correlated with HFF (r=0.445, P<0.001). The AUC of CAP for diagnosing significant steatosis was 0.786 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.726 to 0.845) overall, and significantly lower in F2-4 (0.772; 95% CI, 0.708 to 0.836) than in F0-1 (0.924; 95% CI, 0.835 to 1.000) (P=0.006). Multivariable analysis showed that BMI (P<0.001) and HFF (P<0.001) significantly affected CAP, whereas LSM and fibrosis stages did not. Conclusion CAP evaluations of significant hepatic steatosis are less reliable in CHB patients with significant or more advanced (F2-4) than with no or mild (F0-1) fibrosis.

Purpose: This study compared the diagnostic performance of two attenuation imaging (ATI) modes—low-frequency (3 MHz) and high-frequency (4 MHz)—for assessing hepatic steatosis, with histopathological hepatic fat fraction (HFF) as the reference standard. Methods: This prospective single-center study enrolled participants with suspected metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) scheduled for liver biopsy or surgery between June 2023 and June 2024. Attenuation coefficient (AC) values were consecutively measured using low- and high-frequency ATI modes, while the skin-to-region of interest distance (SRD) was measured simultaneously. Spearman correlation analysis evaluated the relationships of AC with HFF and SRD, and linear regression identified factors affecting AC. Diagnostic performance was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). Results: In total, 119 participants (mean age, 37.2±12.0 years; 87 men) were included, with 73 (61.3%) diagnosed with MASLD. HFF ranged from 0% to 50%. The AC values in the lowfrequency mode were significantly higher than those in the high-frequency mode (0.61 vs. 0.54 dB/cm/MHz, P<0.001). HFF significantly influenced AC in both modes, whereas SRD affected AC only in the high-frequency mode (P<0.001). AC correlated positively with HFF in both modes (r_s≥0.514, P<0.001) and negatively with SRD in the high-frequency mode (r_s=-0.338, P<0.001). The AUROC for hepatic steatosis did not differ significantly between the two modes (0.751 vs. 0.771; P=0.609). Conclusion The low-frequency mode produced higher AC values than the high-frequency mode and demonstrated comparable diagnostic accuracy for assessing hepatic steatosis. Unlike the high-frequency mode, the low-frequency mode was not influenced by SRD.

Purpose: This study assessed the impact of hepatic fibrosis on the diagnostic performance of the controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) in quantifying hepatic steatosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Methods: CHB patients who underwent liver stiffness measurement (LSM) and CAP assessment using transient elastography before liver resection between 2019 and 2022 were retrospectively evaluated. Clinical data included body mass index (BMI) and laboratory parameters. The histologically determined hepatic fat fraction (HFF) and fibrosis stages were reviewed by pathologists blinded to clinical and radiologic data. The Pearson correlation coefficient between CAP and HFF was calculated. The diagnostic performance of CAP for significant hepatic steatosis (HFF ≥10%) was assessed using areas under the receiver operating curve (AUCs), stratified by fibrosis stages (F0-1 vs. F2-4). Factors significantly associated with CAP were determined by univariable and multivariable linear regression analyses. Results: Among 399 CHB patients (median age 59 years; 306 men), 16.3% showed significant steatosis. HFF ranged from 0% to 60%. Of these patients, 9.8%, 19.8%, 29.3%, and 41.1% had fibrosis stages F0-1, F2, F3, and F4, respectively. CAP positively correlated with HFF (r=0.445, P<0.001). The AUC of CAP for diagnosing significant steatosis was 0.786 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.726 to 0.845) overall, and significantly lower in F2-4 (0.772; 95% CI, 0.708 to 0.836) than in F0-1 (0.924; 95% CI, 0.835 to 1.000) (P=0.006). Multivariable analysis showed that BMI (P<0.001) and HFF (P<0.001) significantly affected CAP, whereas LSM and fibrosis stages did not. Conclusion CAP evaluations of significant hepatic steatosis are less reliable in CHB patients with significant or more advanced (F2-4) than with no or mild (F0-1) fibrosis.

Purpose: This study compared the diagnostic performance of two attenuation imaging (ATI) modes—low-frequency (3 MHz) and high-frequency (4 MHz)—for assessing hepatic steatosis, with histopathological hepatic fat fraction (HFF) as the reference standard. Methods: This prospective single-center study enrolled participants with suspected metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) scheduled for liver biopsy or surgery between June 2023 and June 2024. Attenuation coefficient (AC) values were consecutively measured using low- and high-frequency ATI modes, while the skin-to-region of interest distance (SRD) was measured simultaneously. Spearman correlation analysis evaluated the relationships of AC with HFF and SRD, and linear regression identified factors affecting AC. Diagnostic performance was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). Results: In total, 119 participants (mean age, 37.2±12.0 years; 87 men) were included, with 73 (61.3%) diagnosed with MASLD. HFF ranged from 0% to 50%. The AC values in the lowfrequency mode were significantly higher than those in the high-frequency mode (0.61 vs. 0.54 dB/cm/MHz, P<0.001). HFF significantly influenced AC in both modes, whereas SRD affected AC only in the high-frequency mode (P<0.001). AC correlated positively with HFF in both modes (r_s≥0.514, P<0.001) and negatively with SRD in the high-frequency mode (r_s=-0.338, P<0.001). The AUROC for hepatic steatosis did not differ significantly between the two modes (0.751 vs. 0.771; P=0.609). Conclusion The low-frequency mode produced higher AC values than the high-frequency mode and demonstrated comparable diagnostic accuracy for assessing hepatic steatosis. Unlike the high-frequency mode, the low-frequency mode was not influenced by SRD.

The initial molecular cytogenetic characteristics of blasts plays a significant role in determining the treatment course of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL).B-ALL with intrachromosomal amplification of chromosome 21 (iAMP21) has been well known to have unfavorable prognosis. Also, there are previously recognized germline mutations that increase the risk of ALL, such as trisomy 21, Down syndrome. This case report is about a 16-year-old girl who presented with lymphadenitis, purpura, and fever followed by initial lab of elevated white blood cell with blasts.She had some notable facial features, but no typical Down syndrome related one.Bone marrow biopsy and fluorescence in situ hybridization finalized the diagnosis as B-ALL with iAMP21, high-risk group. The minimal residual disease-negative complete remission was achieved after the induction chemotherapy with Korean multicenter high-risk protocol. However, abnormal karyotype was sustained in bone marrow. Microarrays with her buccal swab raised the possibility that the abnormal karyotype was not from the leukemic blasts but rather from the germline. Although she underwent scheduled chemotherapy uneventfully as slow early responder type, thrombocytopenia and abnormal karyotype persisted, leading to the diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia. Additional chemotherapy and peripheral blood stem cell transplantation was performed which resulted in engraftment. This case highlights the discovery of a constitutional genetic aberration, which played like a silent yet critical background factor for B-ALL with iAMP21. As the number of reported cases are limited, the role of germline chromosome 21 mutation as the indicator for prognosis of B-ALL should be studied further.

Objective: This study investigated how educational levels modify the relationship between the standard deviation of NN intervals (SDNN) of heart rate variability and the development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Methods: Participants with physical injuries were enrolled from a trauma center and monitored over two years. Initial assessments included SDNN and educational attainment, along with socio-demographic and clinical variables. PTSD diagnoses were made at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months post-injury using the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5.Logistic regression analyses were conducted. Results: Of the 538 participants, 58 (10.8%) developed PTSD during the follow-up period. A significant interaction effect was observed: lower SDNN was significantly linked to PTSD in individuals with higher education, but not in those with lower education. Conclusion The study identified education-dependent associations between SDNN and PTSD development, emphasizing the importance of tailored PTSD prevention strategies that consider both SDNN and educational levels.

Background: and Purpose: Amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques are key in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), with Aβ positron emission tomography imaging enabling non-invasive quantification.To address regional Aβ deposition, we developed regional Centiloid scales (rdcCL) and commercialized them through the computed tomography (CT)-based BeauBrain Amylo platform, eliminating the need for three-dimensional T1 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Objective: We aimed to establish robust regional Aβ cutoffs using the commercialized BeauBrain Amylo platform and to explore the prevalence of subgroups defined by global, regional, and striatal Aβ cutoffs across cognitive stages. Methods: We included 2,428 individuals recruited from the Korea-Registries to Overcome Dementia and Accelerate Dementia Research project. We calculated regional Aβ cutoffs using Gaussian Mixture Modeling. Participants were classified into subgroups based on global, regional, and striatal Aβ positivity across cognitive stages (cognitively unimpaired [CU], mild cognitive impairment, and dementia of the Alzheimer’s type). Results: MRI-based and CT-based global Aβ cutoffs were highly comparable and consistent with previously reported Centiloid values. Regional cutoffs revealed both similarities and differences between MRI- and CT-based methods, reflecting modality-specific segmentation processes. Subgroups such as global(−)regional(+) were more frequent in non-dementia stages, while global(+)striatal(−) was primarily observed in CU individuals. Conclusions Our study established robust regional Aβ cutoffs using a CT-based rdcCL method and demonstrated its clinical utility in classifying amyloid subgroups across cognitive stages. These findings highlight the importance of regional Aβ quantification in understanding amyloid pathology and its implications for biomarker-guided diagnosis and treatment in AD.

Background: and Purpose: Plasma biomarkers, including phosphorylated tau (ptau217), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and neurofilament light chain (NfL), are promising tools for detecting Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology. However, cross-laboratory reproducibility remains a challenge, even when using identical analytical platforms such as single-molecule array (Simoa). This study aimed to compare plasma biomarker measurements (ptau217, GFAP, and NfL) between 2 laboratories, the University of Gothenburg (UGOT) and DNAlink, and evaluate their associations with amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Methods: Plasma biomarkers were measured using Simoa platforms at both laboratories:the UGOT and DNAlink Incorporation. Diagnostic performance for predicting amyloid PET positivity, cross-laboratory agreement, and the impact of normalization techniques were assessed. Bland-Altman plots and correlation analyses were employed to evaluate agreement and variability. Results: Plasma ptau217 concentrations exhibited strong correlations with amyloid PET global centiloid values, with comparable diagnostic performance between laboratories (area under the curve=0.94 for UGOT and 0.95 for DNAlink). Cross-laboratory agreement for ptau217 was excellent (r=0.96), improving further after natural log transformation. GFAP and NfL also demonstrated moderate to strong correlations (r=0.86 for GFAP and r=0.99 for NfL), with normalization reducing variability. Conclusions Plasma biomarker measurements were consistent across laboratories using identical Simoa platforms, with strong diagnostic performance and improved agreement after normalization. These findings support the scalability of plasma biomarkers for multicenter studies and underscore their potential for standardized applications in AD research and clinical practice.