Nasopharyngeal carcinoma （NPC） is a malignant tumor originating from the mucosal epithelium of the nasopharynx. In recent years， its incidence and mortality rates have shown a continuous upward trend， and there is still a lack of therapeutic regimens with both favorable efficacy and safety in clinical practice. Mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） signaling pathway plays a key regulatory role in biological processes such as cell proliferation， differentiation， apoptosis and invasion. It is widely involved in the occurrence and progression of NPC， and serves as an important target in the research field of anti-NPC therapy. This article systematically elaborates on the mechanism of action of the MAPK signaling pathway in NPC， and reviews the research status regarding the anti-NPC effect of active components of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and TCM compound prescriptions by regulating this signaling pathway. The results show that TCM active components， including flavonoids （luteolin， maackiain， baicalein， etc.）， alkaloids （picrasidine Ⅰ， tetrandrine， etc.）， terpenoids （bakuchiol， cantharidic acid）， as well as traditional Chinese medicine compound formulas （such as Biyan jiedu capsules and Yiqi jiedu formula） can exert effects including inducing autophagy and apoptosis of NPC cells， promoting pyroptosis， reversing drug resistance， blocking epithelial-mesenchymal transition， weakening cell stemness and arresting cell cycle progression by regulating the MAPK signaling pathway， thereby inhibiting the occurrence and development of NPC through multiple pathways.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of modified Xiaoyaosan （JJXYS） on behavioral abnormalities and hippocampal mitochondrial quality control （MQC） in the rat model of post-myocardial infarction depression （PMD） and preliminarily explore its potential mechanism. MethodsA rat model of PMD was established by left anterior descending coronary artery ligation combined with chronic unpredictable mild stress （CUMS）. Rats were randomized into a control group， a model group， a fluoxetine （FLX， 10 mg·kg^-1） group， and low-， medium-， and high-dose JJXYS （JJXYS-L/M/H， 1.12， 2.24， 4.48 g·kg^-1， respectively） groups. Depressive-like behaviors were evaluated by body weight monitoring， sucrose preference test， open field test， and forced swimming test. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and Nissl staining were used to observe hippocampal histomorphology and neuronal changes. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was conducted to determine the serum levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine （5-HT）， dopamine （DA）， interleukin-1 beta （IL-1β）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， and tumor necrosis factor-alpha （TNF-α）. The mRNA levels of MQC-related genes including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1 alpha （PGC-1α）， nuclear respiratory factor 1 （Nrf1）， and transcription factor A， mitochondrial （TFAM） in the hippocampal tissue were measured by real-time PCR. The expression of proteins related to the dynamin-related protein 1 （Drp1）/PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 （PINK1）/Parkin signaling pathway was determined by Western blot. ResultsCompared with the control group， the model group showed restricted body weight gain， aggravated depressive-like behaviors， declined serum 5-HT and DA levels， evident hippocampal neuronal damage and reduced Nissl bodies， as well as downregulated expression of MQC-related genes and proteins （P<0.05）. Compared with the model group， both FLX and JJXYS alleviated the above changes to varying degrees. Moreover， the JJXYS-M and JJXYS-H groups showed more pronounced effects， improving behavioral performance， restoring 5-HT and DA levels， alleviating hippocampal pathological injury， and upregulating the expression of PGC-1α/Nrf1/TFAM mRNA and Drp1/PINK1/Parkin signaling pathway-related proteins （P<0.05）. ConclusionJJXYS can significantly alleviate depressive-like behaviors and neurotransmitter imbalance in the rat model of PMD by regulating hippocampal MQC and upregulating the Drp1/PINK1/Parkin-related pathway. This study provides experimental evidence for the intervention of PMD with JJXYS.

Background: and Purpose Live cell-based assays (LCBA) are increasingly used for serological antibody detection due to their ability to preserve antigen conformation, offering moderately higher sensitivity than fixed cell-based assays. However, the clinical necessity of prioritizing LCBA for the detection of aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G (AQP4-IgG) in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) remains unclear, especially when compared to its established role in diagnosing myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease. Methods: We compared the performance of live cell-based assays using immunofluorescence (LCBA-IF) and fixed cell-based assays using immunofluorescence (FCBA-IF) in detecting AQP4-IgG in 90 cases of NMOSD meeting 2015 International Panel for Neuromyelitis Optica Diagnosis criteria, alongside 40 controls. Additionally, we further investigated the relationship between AQP4-IgG titers as measured by LCBA-IF and FCBA-IF and clinical parameters in NMOSD patients. Results: Results showed 96.9% agreement between LCBA-IF and FCBA-IF (Cohen’s κ=0.935), with a strong Spearman correlation (0.977, p<0.001). Both methods demonstrated 100% specificity, with LCBA-IF showing slightly higher sensitivity compared to FCBA-IF. Within LCBAIF-tested groups, statistically significant differences in annualized relapse rates were observed across all pairwise comparisons (low-titer vs. moderate-titer, low-titer vs. high-titer, and moderate-titer vs. high-titer; all p<0.050). However, this association reached statistical significance in some FCBA-IF-tested groups. Conclusions Overall, there is a strong concordance between LCBA-IF and FCBA-IF in detecting AQP4-IgG, where LCBA-IF shows slightly higher sensitivity. Furthermore, there is a potential link between elevated AQP4-IgG titers and an increased risk of relapse, and this correlation may appear more pronounced when using LCBA-IF.

AIM:To compare the consistency of macular microvascular parameters measured by three devices: frequency-domain optical coherence tomography angiography(FD-OCTA)with split-spectrum amplitude-decorrelation angiography(SSADA), FD-OCTA with optical microangiography(OMAG), and swept-source OCTA(SS-OCTA), in patients with long-term hydroxychloroquine(HCQ)administration for rheumatoid arthritis(RA).METHODS:This prospective study enrolled patients treated with HCQ for 5 y due to RA who visited the Department of Ophthalmology of the hospital from January 2022 to November 2025. All subjects underwent a 6 mm×6 mm macular scan with three OCTA devices in random order, with a 5-minute interval between examinations by different devices. Images of the superficial capillary plexus(SCP)and deep capillary plexus(DCP)were acquired. The following microvascular parameters were compared: foveal superficial capillary plexus vessel density(F-SCP VD), parafoveal superficial capillary plexus vessel density(PF-SCP VD), foveal deep capillary plexus vessel density(F-DCP VD), parafoveal deep capillary plexus vessel density(PF-DCP VD), and the area of the foveal avascular zone(FAZ).RESULTS:A total of 34 female patients(68 eyes)treated with HCQ for 5 y due to RA were enrolled in this study, aged 38-58 y with a mean age of 49.3±5.05 y. Statistically significant differences were found in F-SCP VD, PF-SCP VD, F-DCP VD, PF-DCP VD, and FAZ area among measurements obtained by SS-OCTA, SSADA-based FD-OCTA, and OMAG-based FD-OCTA(all P<0.05). No statistically significant differences in all above parameters were observed between SSADA-based FD-OCTA and OMAG-based FD-OCTA(all P>0.05). FAZ areas measured by the three devices were highly positively correlated(|r|≥0.8, P<0.01). The F-SCP VD, PF-SCP VD, F-DCP VD, and PF-DCP VD values obtained by SSADA-based FD-OCTA and OMAG-based FD-OCTA were all highly positively correlated(|r|≥0.8, P<0.01). The PF-SCP VD and PF-DCP VD values measured by SS-OCTA versus SSADA-based FD-OCTA and OMAG-based FD-OCTA showed moderate positive correlations(0.5≤|r|<0.8, P<0.01). The F-SCP VD and F-DCP VD values measured by SS-OCTA versus SSADA-based FD-OCTA and OMAG-based FD-OCTA exhibited low positive correlations(0.3≤|r|<0.5, P<0.05). Bland-Altman plots demonstrated good agreement between SSADA-based FD-OCTA and OMAG-based FD-OCTA for the measurements of F-SCP VD, PF-SCP VD, F-DCP VD and PF-DCP VD. By contrast, poor agreement was observed when comparing SS-OCTA with SSADA-based FD-OCTA or OMAG-based FD-OCTA for measurements of F-SCP VD, PF-SCP VD, F-DCP VD and PF-DCP VD.Satisfactory agreement was found among the three OCTA devices for FAZ area measurements.CONCLUSION:SSADA-based FD-OCTA and OMAG-based FD-OCTA show favorable correlation and agreement in measuring macular vessel density of patients receiving HCQ, which allows cautious interchangeable use during clinical follow-up. The vessel density parameters measured by SS-OCTA were markedly different from those obtained by SSADA-based FD-OCTA and OMAG-based FD-OCTA; therefore, these devices cannot be directly interchanged.FAZ area measurements exhibit favorable inter-device agreement among the three systems, and interchangeability should be considered in the context of clinical practice.

Thyroid cancer is caused by multiple factors, including genetics, environment, metabolism, and the immune microenvironment, among which ionizing radiation exposure is an important risk factor for thyroid cancer. As one of the most sensitive target organs of ionizing radiation, the thyroid gland may have different risks of thyroid cancer caused by different types of ionizing radiation exposures, such as medical exposure, occupational exposure, and emergency exposure. The sensitivity of children and adolescents are higher than that of adults. The dose-response relationship still needs to be further explored. The molecular mechanism between ionizing radiation and the increased risk of thyroid cancer is complex, which may involve DNA damage and repair abnormalities, gene mutations, non-coding RNA regulation, DNA methylation, cell cycle regulation imbalance, and immune microenvironment changes. This article reviews the risk and molecular mechanisms associated with different types of ionizing radiation exposure in thyroid cancer, based on literature retrieved from CNKI and PubMed databases. It aims to provide a theoretical basis for the early monitoring, prevention, and intervention of thyroid cancer related to ionizing radiation exposure.

Objective: To investigate the assocation of sedentary behavior among college students on psychological health issues, such as depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms, and to analyze the moderating role of takeaway consumption behavior in the context, in order to provide a scientific basis for reducing emotional symptoms among college students. Methods: A stratified cluster sampling method was employed to conduct a questionnaire on 3 427 first year students of a higher education institution in Hefei of Anhui Province from May to June 2021. The study variables included demographic characteristics, sedentary time, takeaway consumption behavior, and emotional (symptoms depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms). The Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the association between variables, and linear regression analysis was used to analyze the association between takeaway consumption behavior and depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms among college students with sedentary time. Results: Both sedentary time and takeaway consumption behavior were positively correlated with depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms among college students ( r =0.10, 0.10, 0.10; 0.10, 0.11, 0.11, all P <0.05). The results of linear regression analysis showed that the interaction term between takeaway consumption behavior and sedentary time was positively correlated with symptoms of depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms among college students (depression: β =0.04, anxiety: β =0.04, stress: β =0.04, all P <0.05). The results of the simple slope test demonstrated that regardless of the level of takeaway consumption behavior, sedentary time was positively correlated with the depressive symptoms of college students; compared with low takeaway consumption behavior, high takeaway consumption behavior ( β=0.77, P <0.01) enhanced the association between sedentary time and depressive symptoms among college students. In addition, under the condition of high takeaway consumption behavior, sedentary time was positively correlated with the anxiety and stress symptoms of college students (anxiety: β =0.64; stress: β =0.71, both P <0.01); while under the condition of low takeaway consumption behavior, sedentary time was not related to the anxiety and stress symptoms of college students ( β =0.17, 0.22, both P >0.05). Conclusions Sedentary behavior is related to a the emotional symptoms of depressive, anxiety, and stress among college students. Takeaway consumption behavior may exacerbate this impact.

OBJECTIVE To develop a pharmaceutical service model for discharge medication order review and medication education （hereinafter referred to as the “proactive pharmaceutical service model”）， and evaluate its effects. METHODS The data of discharged patients were collected retrospectively from Rheumatology and Immunology Department of our hospital during January to June 2023 and January to June 2024. Patients discharged from January to June 2024 were classified as the intervention group （489 cases）， while patients discharged from January to June 2023 were classified as the control group （535 cases） based on the different pharmaceutical service models they received. The control group received traditional service model， and the intervention group additionally got proactive pharmaceutical service model based on the control group. The primary outcome measures [the number of discharge medications， the number of medication errors， and the occurrence of adverse drug-drug interaction （DDI）] and follow-up outcome measures （the adjustment of medication regimen due to intolerance， unplanned hospital admissions， and proactive seeking of pharmaceutical services after discharge） were compared between the two groups. The discharge medication order review status， the occurrence of adverse DDI in patients with polypharmacy， and bedside medication education status for patients receiving the proactive pharmaceutical service model were all recorded. RESULTS From January to June 2024， a total of 1 052 discharge medication order review for inpatients were reviewed， and 174 instances of medication errors were identified. Polypharmacy was observed in 579 patients， with an incidence rate of 55.04%. The incidence of adverse DDI was significantly higher in patients with polypharmacy compared to those without polypharmacy （P＜0.001）. Pharmacists completed medication guidance for 394 instances of high-risk patients prone to the incidence rate of medication errors at home. The number of discharge medications， the incidence rate of medication errors， instances of medication not matching the diagnosis， dosage and administration errors， adverse DDI， and the incidence rate of patients who required adjustment of medication regimen due to intolerance were all significantly lower in the intervention group compared to the control group （P＜0.05）. Additionally， the incidence rate of patients who proactive seeking of pharmaceutical services after discharge was significantly higher in the intervention group compared to the control group （P＜0.05）. However， there was no significant difference in the incidence rate of unplanned hospital admissions between the two groups （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS The established proactive pharmaceutical service model can reduce medication errors， enhance patient recognition of pharmaceutical services， and ensure medication safety for discharged patients at home.

Objective:To investigate the value of electrical cardiometry(EC),a noninvasive hemodynamic testing technique,in the di-agnosis of heart failure(HF)in adults.Methods:A prospective study was conducted among the adult patients who were hospitalized in Department of Cardiology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,from September 2022 to May 2024,and the patients who were diagnosed with HF were enrolled as HF group,while those who were excluded from the clinical diagnosis of HF were enrolled as control group.The two groups were compared in terms of general clinical data and related parameters measured by EC,in-cluding stroke volume variation(SVV),systolic time ratio(STR),pre-ejection period(PEP),index of contractility(ICON),ICON varia-tion(VIC),left ventricular ejection time(LVET),and left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF).A multivariate logistic regression model established by the forward method was used to investigate the factors associated with HF.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was plotted for the hemodynamic parameters measured by EC in the diagnosis of HF,and the area under the ROC curve(AUC)was calculated.Results:A total of 239 patients were enrolled,with 126 in the HF group and 113 in the control group.Compared with the control group,the HF group had significantly higher SVV,STR,PEP,VIC,and age and significantly lower ICON,LVET,and LVEF(all P<0.001).The multivariate logistic regression model estab-lished by the forward method showed that STR(odds ratio[OR]=1.199,95%CI=1.110-1.294,P<0.001),VIC(OR=1.176,95%CI=1.090-1.269,P<0.001),and age(OR=1.068,95%CI=1.010-1.128,P<0.05)were positively correlated with HF,and ICON(OR=0.968,95%CI=0.941-0.996,P<0.05)and LVEF(OR=0.854,95%CI=0.798-0.913,P<0.001)were negatively correlated with HF.The ROC curve analysis showed that STR,VIC,and ICON had an AUC of 0.887(95%CI=0.848-0.927),0.891(95%CI=0.851-0.932),and 0.718(95%CI=0.654-0.782),respectively,in the diagnosis of HF,with an optimal cut-off value of 37.5%,19.5%,and 49.3,respec-tively,a sensitivity of 91.3%,73.8%,and 50.0%,respectively,and a specificity of 61.4%,93.8%,and 86.7%,respectively.Among these indicators,STR combined with VIC had an AUC of 0.940(95%CI=0.912-0.967)in the diagnosis of HF,with a sensitivity of 83.3%and a specificity of 91.2%.Conclusion:The EC method can effectively assess the cardiac functional status of adult patients,and STR combined with VIC has some clinical value for the diagnosis of heart failure.

Objective To summarize and analyze the main clinical characteristics,feature and composition changes of gut microbiota in elderly patients with severe pneumonia,and to further explore the potential correlation between the gut characteristics and the etiology of severe pneumonia in elderly patients.Methods Patients with severe pneu-monia admitted to the respiratory intensive care unit of a tertiary teaching hospital in Changsha were selected as the research subjects.Patients aged ≥65 years were assigned to the elderly severe pneumonia group,while those aged＜65 years were assigned to the non-elderly severe pneumonia group.Based on clinical characteristics and pathogen detection of lower respiratory secretion,the elderly severe pneumonia group was further divided into a pulmonary bacterial infection group and a pulmonary fungal infection group.The pulmonary bacterial infection group was sub-divided into Gram-positive bacteria group and Gram-negative bacteria group based on Gram-staining results.Clinical data of patients were collected,and fecal specimens within 24 hours after admission were obtained for 16S rRNA se-quencing.Differences in gut microbiota characteristics between two groups of patients were compared,and the cor-relation between clinical characteristics of patients in the elderly severe pneumonia group and the abundance of dif-ferential microbiota was analyzed.Subsequently,the gut microbiota characteristics of elderly patients in severe pneumonia group infected by different pathogens were analyzed.Results Gut microbiota analysis showed no signifi-cant statistical differences in α-and β-diversity indicices between patients in the elderly and non-elderly severe pneu-monia groups(both P＞0.05).Linear discriminant analysis effect size(LEFSe)analysis indicated that,compared with patients in the non-elderly severe pneumonia group,the relative abundance of opportunistic pathogens,inclu-ding Pseudomonadales,Moraxellaceae,and Acinetobacter,was significantly higher in patients in the elderly severe pneumonia group(all P＜0.05).Some differential gut microbiota in two groups of patients were correlated with clinical indicators in patients in the elderly severe pneumonia group(all P＜0.05).β-diversity analysis(principal co-ordinate analysis)combined with Anosim analysis revealed that in patients in elderly severe pneumonia group,there was significant differences in gut colony structures between patients in the bacterial and fungal infection groups(R=0.149,P=0.02).Compared with the fungal infection group,patients in bacterial infection group showed a signifi-cantly reduced abundance of probiotics,including Verrucomicrobiales and Collinsella,and opportunistic pathogens such as Akkermansia(all P＜0.05).Conclusion Elderly patients with severe pneumonia have a dysregulated gut microbiota with significantly increased abundance of pathogenic bacteria compared with non-elderly patients.Differ-ential gut microbiota of two groups of patients are correlated with some infection-related and organ function indica-tors in elderly patients with severe pneumonia.Compared with elderly patients with severe fungal pneumonia,those with severe bacterial pneumonia have significant differences in gut colony structures and a notably reduction in probi-otics abundance.

Background and purpose:SEC14L1P1,a pseudogene of the SEC14 family,is closely associated with the development of various tumors,but its role in oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)has not been clarified.This study aimed to gain insights into the expression characteristics and subcellular localization of SEC14L1P1 in OSCC cells,as well as its effects on OSCC cell proliferation and migration.Methods:The expression of SEC14L1P1 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)tissues was analyzed by the ENCORI database;The expression of SEC14L1P1 and its relationship with patient prognosis in HNSCC was further analyzed using the GDC and UCSC Xena databases.The expression of SEC14L1P1 in OSCC cell lines was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RTFQ-PCR);RNA nucleoplasmic separation assay was performed to determine the localization of SEC14L1P1 in OSCC cells.SEC14L1P1 knockdown(SS-SEC14L1P1)group and knockdown control(SS-NC)group were established for CAL-27 cells,and SEC14L1P1 overexpression(SEC14L1P1)group and overexpression control(Vector)group were established for HN30 cells.The effects of SEC14L1P1 expression on the proliferation and migration abilities of cells in each group were assessed by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)and transwell migration assays.RTFQ-PCR and Western blot experiments were used to detect the effects of altered SEC14L1P1 expression on the expression levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)-related genes.To investigate the effects of SEC14L1P1 on the proliferation of OSCC cells in vivo using a subcutaneous xenograft tumor model in nude mice,12 four-week-old BALB/c nude mice were randomly divided into two groups:the antisense oligonucleotide(ASO)-NC group and the ASO-SEC14L1P1 group,with 6 mice in each group.All mice were individually labeled.Further mechanistic studies were performed by analyzing molecules interacting with SEC14L1P1 through the RNAInter database,and the ENCORI database was queried for expression correlation between SEC14L1P1 and DHX9.The effect of altered SEC14L1P1 expression on the phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(AKT)pathway was detected by Western blot assay.Results:Database analysis showed that the expression of SEC14L1P1 was higher in HNSCC tissues than in normal tissues,and was strongly associated with poor patient prognosis.The RTFQ-PCR results showed that SEC14L1P1 was highly expressed in all six OSCC cell lines;RNA nucleoplasmic separation showed that SEC14L1P1 was mainly localized in the nucleus in CAL-27 and HN30 cells.Compared with SS-NC,the relative expression of SEC14L1P1 in the SS-SEC14L1P1 group was significantly lower and significantly inhibited cell proliferation and migration,while the relative expression of SEC14L1P1 in the SEC14L1P1 group was significantly higher compared with the Vector group,which also significantly increased cell proliferation and migration.The down-regulation of SEC14L1P1 was accompanied by increased mRNA and protein levels of E-cadherin,and decreased mRNA and protein levels of N-cadherin and vimentin,with the opposite result after SEC14L1P1 overexpression.In vivo experiments showed that the xenograft tumor weight and volume of the ASO-SEC14L1P1 group were significantly reduced.Further mechanistic studies revealed a positive correlation between SEC14L1P1 and DHX9 expressions,and DHX9 has been shown to activate the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.Knockdown of SEC14L1P1 resulted in decreased protein expressions of phosphorylated-PI3K(p-PI3K)and phosphorylated-AKT(p-AKT),and overexpression of SEC14L1P1 increased protein expressions of p-PI3K and p-AKT.Conclusion:SEC14L1P1 showed high expression levels in OSCC cells and tissues and promoted the proliferation and migration of OSCC cells,a phenomenon that may be related to the regulation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway by SEC14L1P1,which in turn promotes EMT.