Gallbladder-duodenal fistula,a severe complication of cholecystitis caused by gallstones,is clinically rare.Its clinical presentation lacks specificity,and conventional preoperative imaging often fails to establish a definitive diagnosis.This report describes a case where a gallbladder-duodenal fistula was diagnosed using oral microbubble ultrasound contrast agent for gastric-duodenal contrast-enhanced ultrasound,providing a novel approach for diagnosing this condition.
Humans ; Biliary Fistula/diagnostic imaging* ; Contrast Media ; Duodenal Diseases/diagnostic imaging* ; Gallbladder Diseases/diagnostic imaging* ; Intestinal Fistula/diagnostic imaging* ; Ultrasonography

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the diagnostic value of preoperative CT enterography (CTE) on obstruction, fistula and abscess formation compared to intraoperative findings in patients undergoing surgery for Crohn's disease(CD), aiming to provide reference to clinical practice.

METHODSPreoperative CTE data of 176 CD patients confirmed by clinic, endoscopy, imaging, operation and pathology at the Department of General Surgery in Nanjing Jinling Hospital from January 2013 to December 2015 were enrolled in retrospective cohort study. All the patients underwent enhanced full abdominal CT scan using SIMENS SOMATOM Definition Flash 64 row dual-source CT machine. CTE scans were performed from the dome of diaphragm to the symphysis pubis. The CT images in arterial and venous phase were reconstructed with 1.0 mm thin layer, and then processed in MMWP 4.0 workstation including multi-planar recombination, surface recombination and maximum density projection. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, false negative rate and accuracy of preoperative CTE on obstruction, fistula and abscess were compared with intraoperative findings.

RESULTSAmong 176 patients, 122 were males and 54 were females with median age of 29 (18 to 65) years, median disease duration of 48 (1 to 240) months, median time interval from CT scan to operation of 16(1 to 30) days, and median body mass index of 17.8 (10.8 to 34.7) kg/m. Twenty-six cases (14.8%) had nutritional risk (NRS2002≥3); 23 cases (13.1%) had lesions limited to ileum; 19 cases (10.8%) had lesions limited to colon; 126 cases (71.6%) had simultaneous lesions of ileum and colon, and 8 cases (4.5%) had lesion in upper gastrointestinal tract. A total of 199 lesions of small intestine were identified by preoperative CTE, including 131 of obstruction (65.8%), 42 of fistula (21.1%), and 26 of abscess (13.1%), while 235 lesions were confirmed by operation, including 133 of obstruction (56.6%), 74 of fistula (31.5%), 28 of abscess (11.9%). The modification of planned surgical procedure due to unexpected intraoperative findings were found in 29(16.5%) patients. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of preoperative CTE were 86.4%, 78.8%, 86.9% and 76.0% for obstruction; 83.8%, 79.1%, 67.5% and 90.4% for fistula; and 96.2%, 98.0%, 90.1% and 99.3 for abscess, respectively.

CONCLUSIONPreoperative CTE can effectively evaluate the lesions of intestinal obstruction, fistula and abscess in CD patients, with the highest accuracy of abscess, and has quite good consistency with intraoperative findings, which may be used as the first choice of imaging diagnosis of CD.

Abscess ; diagnostic imaging ; Adult ; Aged ; Colon ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Crohn Disease ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Ileum ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Intestinal Fistula ; diagnostic imaging ; Intestinal Obstruction ; diagnostic imaging ; Intestine, Small ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiography, Abdominal ; methods ; statistics & numerical data ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods ; statistics & numerical data

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the application of low-dose CT enterography with adaptive iterative dose reduction(AIDR) technique in diagnosing Crohn's disease.

METHODSRetrospective analysis was performed on 26 patients diagnosed as Crohn's disease by the multidisciplinary team in our hospital. Low-dose CT enterography with 640-slice MDCT was performed on these 26 patients using adaptive iterative dose reduction(AIDR) technique. Characteristics of Crohn's disease in CT enterography images were independently analyzed by two radiologists who were experienced in Crohn's disease with calculating the total radiation dosage.

RESULTSThe radiation dosage of 26 patients ranged from 5.58 to 12.90 [mean (9.00±2.00)] mSv, which was lower than conventional scan (around 15 mSv) known from the literatures. According to the images of CT enterography of 26 cases, bowel wall thickening with abnormal enhancement and lymphadenectasis were found in 25 cases with total 109 segmental bowel wall thickening. Among 25 thickening cases, enterostenosis was found in 16 cases, stratification enhancement in 12 cases and comb sign in 14 cases. Besides, it was found that 8 cases with hyperdense fat on the mesenteric side, 7 cases with intestinal fistula, 6 cases with abdominal cavity abscess, and 3 cases with anal fistula.

CONCLUSIONCT enterography of Crohn's disease with adaptive iterative dose reduction technique is an effective method to evaluate Crohn's disease without compromising image quality with reduced radiation dosage.

Crohn Disease ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Intestinal Fistula ; Radiation Dosage ; Rectal Fistula ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods

Enterocutaneous (EC) fistula is an abnormal connection between the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and skin. The majority of EC fistulas result from surgery. About one third of fistulas close spontaneously with medical treatment and radiologic interventions. Surgical treatment should be reserved for use after sufficient time has passed from the previous laparotomy to allow lysis of the fibrous adhesion using full nutritional and medical treatment and until a complete understanding of the anatomy of the fistula has been achieved. The successful management of GI fistula requires a multi-disciplinary team approach including a gastroenterologist, interventional radiologist, enterostomal therapist, dietician, social worker and surgeons. With this coordinated approach, EC fistula can be controlled with acceptable morbidity and mortality.
Decision Making ; Diagnostic Imaging ; Digestive System Surgical Procedures/*methods ; Humans ; Intestinal Fistula/diagnosis/*surgery ; Skin Care/*methods

Humans ; Intestinal Fistula ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumopericardium ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Radiography ; Stomach Neoplasms ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo discuss the computer tomography(CT) appearances of the enterocutaneous fistula classification.

METHODSCT scan was performed on 754 patients with enterocutaneous fistula, which were divided into tube fistula and labiate fistula according to clinic classification, and the appearances of CT scan were analyzed respectively.

RESULTSFive hundreds and eighteen patients (68.6%) were diagnosed as tube fistula, and CT appearance of which was a duct formed between internal hole and external hole. Two hundreds and thirty-six patients (31.4%) were diagnosed as labiate fistula,and CT appearance of which was a large external hole like labium.The basic appearance of intestine and celiac cavity in enterocutaneous fistula was inflammatory focus. The incidence of abscesses in tube fistula was higher than that in labiate fistula (P<0.01). The intestinal inflammation was more common in labiate fistula than that in tube fistula (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONThere are characteristic CT appearances in enterocutaneous fistula and CT scan is useful for classification of enterocutaneous fistula.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Intestinal Fistula ; classification ; diagnostic imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Young Adult