Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic, disabling, and functional bowel disorder that significantly affects social functioning and reduces quality of life and increases social costs. The Korean Society of Neurogastroenterology and Motility published clinical practice guidelines on the management of IBS based on a systematic review of the literature in 2017, and planned to revise these guidelines in light of new evidence on the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of IBS. The current revised version of the guidelines is consistent with the previous version and targets adults diagnosed with or suspected of having IBS. These guidelines were developed using a combination of de novo and adaptation methods, with analyses of existing guidelines and discussions within the committee, leading to the identification of key clinical questions. Finally, the guidelines consisted of 22 recommendations, including 3 concerning the definition and risk factors of IBS, 4 regarding diagnostic modalities and strategies, 2 regarding general management, and 13 regarding medical treatment. For each statement, the advantages, disadvantages, and precautions were thoroughly detailed. The modified Delphi method was used to achieve expert consensus to adopt the core recommendations of the guidelines. These guidelines serve as a reference for clinicians (including primary care physicians, general healthcare providers, medical students, residents, and other healthcare professionals) and patients, helping them to make informed decisions regarding IBS management.

Background: Adiposity rebound (AR) refers to the period during growth when the body mass index reaches its lowest point before increasing again. The timing of AR is associated with the development of obesity and puberty onset. Although studies have evaluated AR timing in Korean children, none has focused on children born small for gestational age (SGA). Methods: This study analyzed data from a multicenter observational clinical trial (LG Growth Study) to determine AR timing in children born SGA without catch-up growth (CUG) who were treated with growth hormone (GH) therapy. The study also aimed to identify factors associated with AR timing, examine the influence of AR timing on puberty onset, and assess the effectiveness of GH therapy. Results: A total of 151 children born SGA without CUG were included. Of them, 15% experienced AR between 4 and 5 years of age, 42% between 5 and 6 years, 27% between 6 and 7 years, and 16% after 7 years of age. A significant positive correlation was noted between the height standard deviation score at the start of treatment and AR timing. However, no significant correlation was observed between AR timing and puberty onset or the effectiveness of GH therapy. Conclusion This study provides insights into AR timing in prepubertal children who meet the specific SGA criteria and its relationship with growth outcomes. The findings suggest that AR in children born SGA who do not experience CUG occurs later than in the general population, with no significant relationship between AR timing and puberty onset or growth outcomes.

Background: Adiposity rebound (AR) refers to the period during growth when the body mass index reaches its lowest point before increasing again. The timing of AR is associated with the development of obesity and puberty onset. Although studies have evaluated AR timing in Korean children, none has focused on children born small for gestational age (SGA). Methods: This study analyzed data from a multicenter observational clinical trial (LG Growth Study) to determine AR timing in children born SGA without catch-up growth (CUG) who were treated with growth hormone (GH) therapy. The study also aimed to identify factors associated with AR timing, examine the influence of AR timing on puberty onset, and assess the effectiveness of GH therapy. Results: A total of 151 children born SGA without CUG were included. Of them, 15% experienced AR between 4 and 5 years of age, 42% between 5 and 6 years, 27% between 6 and 7 years, and 16% after 7 years of age. A significant positive correlation was noted between the height standard deviation score at the start of treatment and AR timing. However, no significant correlation was observed between AR timing and puberty onset or the effectiveness of GH therapy. Conclusion This study provides insights into AR timing in prepubertal children who meet the specific SGA criteria and its relationship with growth outcomes. The findings suggest that AR in children born SGA who do not experience CUG occurs later than in the general population, with no significant relationship between AR timing and puberty onset or growth outcomes.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic, disabling, and functional bowel disorder that significantly affects social functioning and reduces quality of life and increases social costs. The Korean Society of Neurogastroenterology and Motility published clinical practice guidelines on the management of IBS based on a systematic review of the literature in 2017, and planned to revise these guidelines in light of new evidence on the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of IBS. The current revised version of the guidelines is consistent with the previous version and targets adults diagnosed with or suspected of having IBS. These guidelines were developed using a combination of de novo and adaptation methods, with analyses of existing guidelines and discussions within the committee, leading to the identification of key clinical questions. Finally, the guidelines consisted of 22 recommendations, including 3 concerning the definition and risk factors of IBS, 4 regarding diagnostic modalities and strategies, 2 regarding general management, and 13 regarding medical treatment. For each statement, the advantages, disadvantages, and precautions were thoroughly detailed. The modified Delphi method was used to achieve expert consensus to adopt the core recommendations of the guidelines. These guidelines serve as a reference for clinicians (including primary care physicians, general healthcare providers, medical students, residents, and other healthcare professionals) and patients, helping them to make informed decisions regarding IBS management.

Background: Adiposity rebound (AR) refers to the period during growth when the body mass index reaches its lowest point before increasing again. The timing of AR is associated with the development of obesity and puberty onset. Although studies have evaluated AR timing in Korean children, none has focused on children born small for gestational age (SGA). Methods: This study analyzed data from a multicenter observational clinical trial (LG Growth Study) to determine AR timing in children born SGA without catch-up growth (CUG) who were treated with growth hormone (GH) therapy. The study also aimed to identify factors associated with AR timing, examine the influence of AR timing on puberty onset, and assess the effectiveness of GH therapy. Results: A total of 151 children born SGA without CUG were included. Of them, 15% experienced AR between 4 and 5 years of age, 42% between 5 and 6 years, 27% between 6 and 7 years, and 16% after 7 years of age. A significant positive correlation was noted between the height standard deviation score at the start of treatment and AR timing. However, no significant correlation was observed between AR timing and puberty onset or the effectiveness of GH therapy. Conclusion This study provides insights into AR timing in prepubertal children who meet the specific SGA criteria and its relationship with growth outcomes. The findings suggest that AR in children born SGA who do not experience CUG occurs later than in the general population, with no significant relationship between AR timing and puberty onset or growth outcomes.

Background: Adiposity rebound (AR) refers to the period during growth when the body mass index reaches its lowest point before increasing again. The timing of AR is associated with the development of obesity and puberty onset. Although studies have evaluated AR timing in Korean children, none has focused on children born small for gestational age (SGA). Methods: This study analyzed data from a multicenter observational clinical trial (LG Growth Study) to determine AR timing in children born SGA without catch-up growth (CUG) who were treated with growth hormone (GH) therapy. The study also aimed to identify factors associated with AR timing, examine the influence of AR timing on puberty onset, and assess the effectiveness of GH therapy. Results: A total of 151 children born SGA without CUG were included. Of them, 15% experienced AR between 4 and 5 years of age, 42% between 5 and 6 years, 27% between 6 and 7 years, and 16% after 7 years of age. A significant positive correlation was noted between the height standard deviation score at the start of treatment and AR timing. However, no significant correlation was observed between AR timing and puberty onset or the effectiveness of GH therapy. Conclusion This study provides insights into AR timing in prepubertal children who meet the specific SGA criteria and its relationship with growth outcomes. The findings suggest that AR in children born SGA who do not experience CUG occurs later than in the general population, with no significant relationship between AR timing and puberty onset or growth outcomes.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic, disabling, and functional bowel disorder that significantly affects social functioning and reduces quality of life and increases social costs. The Korean Society of Neurogastroenterology and Motility published clinical practice guidelines on the management of IBS based on a systematic review of the literature in 2017, and planned to revise these guidelines in light of new evidence on the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of IBS. The current revised version of the guidelines is consistent with the previous version and targets adults diagnosed with or suspected of having IBS. These guidelines were developed using a combination of de novo and adaptation methods, with analyses of existing guidelines and discussions within the committee, leading to the identification of key clinical questions. Finally, the guidelines consisted of 22 recommendations, including 3 concerning the definition and risk factors of IBS, 4 regarding diagnostic modalities and strategies, 2 regarding general management, and 13 regarding medical treatment. For each statement, the advantages, disadvantages, and precautions were thoroughly detailed. The modified Delphi method was used to achieve expert consensus to adopt the core recommendations of the guidelines. These guidelines serve as a reference for clinicians (including primary care physicians, general healthcare providers, medical students, residents, and other healthcare professionals) and patients, helping them to make informed decisions regarding IBS management.

Objective: Suicide is a significant public health issue, with South Korea having the highest suicide rate among Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development countries. This study aimed to develop clinical guidelines for suicide prevention in psychiatric patients in Korea using the ADAPTE methodology. Methods: The development process involved a comprehensive review of literature, expert consultations, and consensus-building using the Nominal Group Technique and Delphi method. The guidelines focus on evidence-based psychiatric treatments, including both pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches, tailored to the Korean context. Key findings underscoring the need for standardized treatment protocols for patients with major psychiatric disorders, including bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, and schizophrenia. Results: The guidelines incorporate treatments like lithium, clozapine, atypical antipsychotics, electroconvulsive therapy, and cognitive behavioral therapy, which have shown effectiveness in suicide prevention. Applicability and acceptability within Korea’s healthcare system were addressed, ensuring feasibility given the country’s medical insurance coverage and accessibility. The guidelines were validated through expert reviews and Delphi rounds, achieving consensus on the final recommendations. Conclusion The developed guidelines provide a structured, evidence-based approach to reducing suicide rates among psychiatric patients in Korea. Future research will focus on expanding these guidelines to include screening protocols for high-risk groups.

Methods: From January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2022, 136 patients newly diagnosed with Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and 124 healthy candidates from our institution were enrolled. This study classified body images into five types based on visual confirmation of the positional relationship of the body. The accuracy of this classification method was identified by calculating its sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility of this classification method within and between observers according to kappa value. Results: Overall, 136 patients and 124 control subjects who visited the Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea were photographed and compared by obtaining back images and X-ray radiographs. The sensitivity and specificity of the classification method showed a satisfactory-to-good degree of accuracy, although the degree varies depending on the visual body image type. The classification methods exhibited good intraobserver reliability (κ=0.855) and moderate interobserver reliability (κ=0.751). Conclusions Our classification method showed a high degree of sensitivity and specificity (98.1% sensitivity, 98.9% specificity, and 98.4% accuracy) while exhibiting high reproducibility and ease of access. Based on our findings, we believe that our classification method can be used for scoliosis screening.

Background/Aims: In Korea, changes in the prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) after the Rome IV update have not been extensively studied.The aim of this study is to compare the prevalence and psychosocial risk factors of IBS according to Rome III and Rome IV criteria in medical and nursing students. Methods: From August 13, 2021 to October 22, 2021, participants were enrolled and surveyed online. The survey includes general and specific questions for disease diagnosis and regarding participants’ social and psychological characteristics using the 36-item short form survey, the Brief Encounter Psychosocial Instrument-Korean version, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Results: In total, 338 medical students and 102 nursing students completed the survey. IBS was diagnosed in 78 students (17.7%) using Rome III criteria and in 51 students (11.6%) using Rome IV criteria. Significant differences in physical functioning score and severity score were observed between patients diagnosed using Rome IV criteria and patients diagnosed using Rome III criteria. Multiple logistic regression revealed that severity score (adjusted odds ratio = 1.01; 95% confidence interval: 1.00-1.21; P = 0.022) is the only predictor of IBS that differentiates Rome IV criteria from Rome III criteria. Conclusions Even after updating the Rome IV diagnostic criteria, the prevalence of IBS in medical and nursing students in Korea remained high.Patients who met the Rome IV criteria had more severe symptoms and lower quality of life than patients who met the Rome III criteria.