Indonesia has a double burden, which is besides facing the problem of malnutrition and other micronutrient deficiencies, Indonesia also faced the problem of obesity. Prevalence of short-fat status nutrition in Indonesia amounted to 6.8% in 2013. This study aimed at determining the risk factors for short-fat status nutrition in children aged 12-23 months in Indonesia.The design of this study was a cross-sectional study using secondary data from basic health Research (RISKESDAS) 2013, with a sample size of 378,308 children aged 12-23 months. the dependent variable in this study is short-fat nutrition status and the independent variables are exclusive breastfeeding, complementary feeding, neonatal visit, immunization, and Giving of Vitamin A. Further analysis of the data in several steps include univariate, bivariate (chi -Square), and multivariate (logistic regression). Sample of this study is mostly male 204,030 (53.9%) with the nutritional status based on the combined height/age and weight/height is not shot-fat status nutrition 352450 (93.2%). Based on bivariate test results, four variables are to be the risk factors in this study, are not exclusive breastfeeding OR = 1.047, Complementary food OR = 1.136, immunization OR = 0.761, and vitamin A consumption OR = 0.601. While the neonatal care visits variable as the risk factor. Multivariate analysis showed that the most dominant variable is the provision of complementary food OR 1.158 (95% CI 1.127 to 1.189). From these results, it can be concluded that giving complementary feeding is the most responsible for the short-fat nutrition status in children aged 12-23 months. Prevention efforts need to through monitoring the nutritional status of children, especially monitoring the growth of body length or height by age as early as possible for early detection of nutritional problems in children, so that management can quickly prevent that case.