BACKGROUND

Hypertension is a major contributor to cognitive decline, and dementia is an increasing public health concern in the Philippines. Despite evidence linking these conditions, the awareness of dementia risk remains limited. Broader modifiable factors—such as nutrition, physical activity, smoking, alcohol use and sleep—also influence dementia risk but are not consistently emphasized in health education for hypertensive adults.

OBJECTIVE

To comprehensively assess the dementia risk awareness of hypertensive Filipino adults residing in the Philippines.

METHODS

An adapted questionnaire will gather data on dementia risk awareness among hypertensive Filipino adults. Phase I involves distributing the questionnaire via Google Forms on social media and collecting informed consent, the Personal Data Sheet (PDS), Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale (DKAS) responses and self-reported modifiable risk factors from the McCance Brain Care Score (BCS). Phase II consists of quantitative analysis using descriptive statistics, including sub-analyses assessing correlations between dementia risk awareness and secondary measures.

EXPECTED RESULTS

At least 384 responses from hypertensive Filipino adults are anticipated, allowing classification into dementia risk–aware or dementia risk–unaware groups using DKAS thresholds. Exploratory analyses will describe potential associations between dementia risk awareness and selected modifiable risk factors

Human ; Male ; Female ; Adolescent: 13-18 Yrs Old ; Young Adult: 19-24 Yrs Old ; Adult: 25-44 Yrs Old ; Middle Aged: 45-64 Yrs Old ; Adult ; Awareness ; Dementia ; Learning ; Philippines ; Risk

OBJECTIVE: This study seeks to describe the relative frequency of benign tumors in the mandible and maxilla, the operations done to manage these tumors at the Philippine General Hospital and compare it to previous reports.

METHODOLOGY: The histopathology records of patients with tumors affecting the mandible and maxilla who underwent biopsy or definitive surgery between January 1993 and December 2005 were included in this study and analyzed.

RESULTS: Out of 1049 cases of tumors of the mandible and maxilla, 566 were benign tumors. Patients had a mean age of 30.77 + 15.70 (Range of 4 mos to 83 years). There is a predilection for males (1.4:1), and the mandible (1.9:1). Ameloblastoma is the most common tumor encountered (266 out of 566 or 47.00 percent). Resection is the most common operation done (380 out of 575 or 66.09 percent). Nine operations were done for tumor recurrence (9 out of 575 or 1.57 percent). Ameloblastoma is the only histologic type of tumor that resulted in recurrence.

CONCLUSION: Benign tumors are more common in the mandible and maxilla. Odontogenic tumor, specifically ameloblastoma, is the most common histologic type. If has specific predilections as to site, age, and gender. In this study, resection is the most common procedure done for this tumor.

Human ; Ameloblastoma ; Maxilla ; Odontogenic Tumors ; Mandible