During antenatal care, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) screening is crucial for early diagnosis and treatment to ameliorate clinical outcomes and limit health care expenses. Dietary management and physical activity are central to GDM treatment, however, adherence is often influenced by personal preferences, socioeconomic barriers, and psychological stress. Pharmacologically, insulin and oral hypoglycemic medications, are the main GDM treatment that can be subject to patients' resistance due to fears of needles and side effects. Metformin is increasingly preferred for its ease of administration and lower cost. In the postpartum stage, regular screening for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) should always be considered despite the possible limitations that could arise, including communication gaps, lack of long-term focus, and personal barriers. Overall, women with GDM prefer personalized, flexible management plans that consider their lifestyle, support from health care professionals (HCPs), and family involvement. Addressing psychological and socioeconomic barriers through education, counseling, and support networks is crucial for improving adherence and health outcomes. Enhancing patient-centered care and shared decision-making can empower women with GDM to manage their condition effectively and maintain lifestyle changes postpartum. Therefore, this review aimed to assess pregnant women's preferences in GDM management, focusing on screening, dietary recommendations, physical activity, and treatment. Additionally, this review examined GDM care in terms of these patients' quality of life and postpartum experiences.

During antenatal care, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) screening is crucial for early diagnosis and treatment to ameliorate clinical outcomes and limit health care expenses. Dietary management and physical activity are central to GDM treatment, however, adherence is often influenced by personal preferences, socioeconomic barriers, and psychological stress. Pharmacologically, insulin and oral hypoglycemic medications, are the main GDM treatment that can be subject to patients' resistance due to fears of needles and side effects. Metformin is increasingly preferred for its ease of administration and lower cost. In the postpartum stage, regular screening for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) should always be considered despite the possible limitations that could arise, including communication gaps, lack of long-term focus, and personal barriers. Overall, women with GDM prefer personalized, flexible management plans that consider their lifestyle, support from health care professionals (HCPs), and family involvement. Addressing psychological and socioeconomic barriers through education, counseling, and support networks is crucial for improving adherence and health outcomes. Enhancing patient-centered care and shared decision-making can empower women with GDM to manage their condition effectively and maintain lifestyle changes postpartum. Therefore, this review aimed to assess pregnant women's preferences in GDM management, focusing on screening, dietary recommendations, physical activity, and treatment. Additionally, this review examined GDM care in terms of these patients' quality of life and postpartum experiences.

Methods: Anemia severity was defined following the 2011 World Health Organization guidelines. All patients had HRQoL tests as well as complete blood counts pre- and postoperatively. EHR is the admission within 30 days of discharge and was used as the dependent parameter. Results: This study comprised 225 surgically treated ASD patients with a median age of 62.0 years, predominantly women (80%). Of the 225 patients, 82, 137, and six had mild, moderate, and severe anemia at the time of discharge, respectively. Seventeen of the patients (mild [11, 64.7%]; moderate [5, 29.4%]; severe [1, 5.9%]) were readmitted within 30 days. The mean hemoglobin values were higher in readmitted patients (p=0.071). Infection was the leading cause of readmission (n=12), but a low hemoglobin level was not observed in any of these patients at the time of discharge. Except for Scoliosis Research Society-22 questionnaire, HRQoL improvements did not reach statistical significance in early readmitted patients in the first year after surgery. Conclusions The results of this study demonstrated that the occurrence and the severity of postoperative anemia are not associated with EHR in surgically treated patients with ASD. The findings of the current research suggested that clinical awareness of the parameters other than postoperative anemia may be crucial. Thus, improvements in HRQoL scores were poor in early readmitted patients 1 year after surgery.