A total of 535 4th∼6th grade students in the Gyeonggi area were surveyed in an effort to increase vegetable preference and intake. They were divided into 3 groups according to the frequency of salad consumption (High-frequency group, HF, more than once a week G; Intermediate-frequency, IFG, 1∼3 times/month;Low-frequency group, LFG, less than once a month). The proportion of subjects who preferred salad over other vegetable dishes was much lower in the LFG than in the other groups. Compared to the HFG, more students in the LFG gave ‘dressing’ as the main reason for their preferring salads, and ‘because of vegetables in salad’ and ‘not knowing the necessity of eating salad’ as the main reasons. Compared to the HFG and MFG, the proportion of students responding ‘less than twice a week’ for vegetable and fruit consumption and ‘more than 2 hours/day on the internet/games’ was higher, while the preferences for namul, salads, saengchae, baechukimchi, chonggakkimchi, nabakkimchi, and fruits were lower in the LFG. The numbers of unfamiliar vegetables and dressings were lower in the HFG than in the other groups and were negatively correlated with the frequency of fruit and vegetable consumption and the preferences for aengchaes, bokkeum, salad, and namul. Also, this study compared the preferences for 14 vegetables and 9 dressings as ingredients of salads by gender, grade, and frequency of eating salads.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in Republic of Korea. After their initial diagnosis, only 10-20% of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) survive for 5 years of longer. Given enormous advances in therapeutics such as novel targeted therapies and immunotherapies, survival rates are improving for advanced patients with NSCLC; 5-year survival rates range from 15% to 50%, contingent upon the biomarker. Detection of the specific molecular alteration as biomarker is thus crucial for identifying subgroups of NSCLC that contain therpapeutically targetable oncogenic drivers. This review examines the process of diagnosing lung adenocarcinoma with dominant biomarkers in order to customize treatment with appropriate targeted therapy.

A total of 535 4th∼6th grade students in the Gyeonggi area were surveyed in an effort to increase vegetable preference and intake. They were divided into 3 groups according to the frequency of salad consumption (High-frequency group, HF, more than once a week G; Intermediate-frequency, IFG, 1∼3 times/month;Low-frequency group, LFG, less than once a month). The proportion of subjects who preferred salad over other vegetable dishes was much lower in the LFG than in the other groups. Compared to the HFG, more students in the LFG gave ‘dressing’ as the main reason for their preferring salads, and ‘because of vegetables in salad’ and ‘not knowing the necessity of eating salad’ as the main reasons. Compared to the HFG and MFG, the proportion of students responding ‘less than twice a week’ for vegetable and fruit consumption and ‘more than 2 hours/day on the internet/games’ was higher, while the preferences for namul, salads, saengchae, baechukimchi, chonggakkimchi, nabakkimchi, and fruits were lower in the LFG. The numbers of unfamiliar vegetables and dressings were lower in the HFG than in the other groups and were negatively correlated with the frequency of fruit and vegetable consumption and the preferences for aengchaes, bokkeum, salad, and namul. Also, this study compared the preferences for 14 vegetables and 9 dressings as ingredients of salads by gender, grade, and frequency of eating salads.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in Republic of Korea. After their initial diagnosis, only 10-20% of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) survive for 5 years of longer. Given enormous advances in therapeutics such as novel targeted therapies and immunotherapies, survival rates are improving for advanced patients with NSCLC; 5-year survival rates range from 15% to 50%, contingent upon the biomarker. Detection of the specific molecular alteration as biomarker is thus crucial for identifying subgroups of NSCLC that contain therpapeutically targetable oncogenic drivers. This review examines the process of diagnosing lung adenocarcinoma with dominant biomarkers in order to customize treatment with appropriate targeted therapy.

A total of 535 4th∼6th grade students in the Gyeonggi area were surveyed in an effort to increase vegetable preference and intake. They were divided into 3 groups according to the frequency of salad consumption (High-frequency group, HF, more than once a week G; Intermediate-frequency, IFG, 1∼3 times/month;Low-frequency group, LFG, less than once a month). The proportion of subjects who preferred salad over other vegetable dishes was much lower in the LFG than in the other groups. Compared to the HFG, more students in the LFG gave ‘dressing’ as the main reason for their preferring salads, and ‘because of vegetables in salad’ and ‘not knowing the necessity of eating salad’ as the main reasons. Compared to the HFG and MFG, the proportion of students responding ‘less than twice a week’ for vegetable and fruit consumption and ‘more than 2 hours/day on the internet/games’ was higher, while the preferences for namul, salads, saengchae, baechukimchi, chonggakkimchi, nabakkimchi, and fruits were lower in the LFG. The numbers of unfamiliar vegetables and dressings were lower in the HFG than in the other groups and were negatively correlated with the frequency of fruit and vegetable consumption and the preferences for aengchaes, bokkeum, salad, and namul. Also, this study compared the preferences for 14 vegetables and 9 dressings as ingredients of salads by gender, grade, and frequency of eating salads.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in Republic of Korea. After their initial diagnosis, only 10-20% of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) survive for 5 years of longer. Given enormous advances in therapeutics such as novel targeted therapies and immunotherapies, survival rates are improving for advanced patients with NSCLC; 5-year survival rates range from 15% to 50%, contingent upon the biomarker. Detection of the specific molecular alteration as biomarker is thus crucial for identifying subgroups of NSCLC that contain therpapeutically targetable oncogenic drivers. This review examines the process of diagnosing lung adenocarcinoma with dominant biomarkers in order to customize treatment with appropriate targeted therapy.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in Republic of Korea. After their initial diagnosis, only 10-20% of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) survive for 5 years of longer. Given enormous advances in therapeutics such as novel targeted therapies and immunotherapies, survival rates are improving for advanced patients with NSCLC; 5-year survival rates range from 15% to 50%, contingent upon the biomarker. Detection of the specific molecular alteration as biomarker is thus crucial for identifying subgroups of NSCLC that contain therpapeutically targetable oncogenic drivers. This review examines the process of diagnosing lung adenocarcinoma with dominant biomarkers in order to customize treatment with appropriate targeted therapy.

Background and Objectives: Zonulin is a human protein that regulates intercellular tight junctions and increases the permeability of the intestinal epithelium. In light of the increasing focus on zonulin’s role in numerous chronic inflammatory diseases, this study aimed to investigate whether differences exist in serum zonulin levels and bronchial epithelium zonulin expression in vivo between asthma and normal groups, using a mouse model. Methods: Sixteen mice were utilized in this study, divided evenly between the normal and asthma groups. Serum zonulin levels, the expression of zonulin antibody in the bronchial epithelium, and serum cytokine levels were evaluated in both groups. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and RNA in situ hybridization were utilized for the analysis. Results: The asthma group exhibited significantly higher levels of serum zonulin. High zonulin antibody expression was also observed in the bronchial epithelium of the asthma group. Given that our mouse model demonstrated a significant difference in interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-6 between the normal and asthma groups, zonulin may be associated not only with type 2 responses but also with various subtypes of asthma. Further studies are required to investigate this relationship in greater detail. Conclusion Zonulin may play a role in the complex pathophysiology of asthma and could serve as a biomarker in various asthma-related situations.

no abstract available.

This study compared the pattern of purchasing nutritional supplements and obtaining nutrition information and the Nutrition Quotient of adults who exercise regularly according to the frequency of muscle training (LM, muscle training less than two days/week; MM, 2∼3 days/week; HM, more than three days/week). Compared to the other groups, significantly more men in the HM group answered that they had purchased supplements and would repurchase them. They presented “increasing muscle mass” as the purpose of buying them and “types and contents” as the major factor to consider before buying. The supplements that significantly more subjects in the HM group purchased than in the other groups were protein supplements, BCAA (Branched-chain amino acid), arginine, and caffeine supplements for men and protein supplements, BCAA and carnitine for women. Compared to the other groups, significantly more men and women in the HM group reported “trainer” as the major source of nutrition information, and significantly more men in the HM group reported “increasing muscle mass” as the 1st topic of nutrition education that they wanted to receive and were satisfied with the information that they obtained. Most of all, males and females in the HM group had significantly a higher Nutrition Quotient than in the other groups. The differences between males and females in variables regarding exercise, the patterns of using supplements and acquiring nutrition information, and Nutrition Quotient were also found. These results can provide basic data for developing educational materials emphasizing the wise consumption of nutrition information, including supplement intake.