Purpose: To evaluate the characteristics, anatomical success rate, and factors that may affect the anatomical success of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in patients in their 20s. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of patients aged 20-29 years who underwent surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment from January 2018 to December 2022. We examined factors such as sex, age, duration of illness, preoperative best corrected visual acuity, presence of underlying diseases, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, lattice degeneration, macular involvement, extent of retinal detachment at diagnosis, axial length, and myopia level to explore their impact on surgical outcomes. Results: The study included 122 eyes. The mean age was 23.81 ± 2.82 years, and the average sphere power was -5.80 ± 3.71 diopters (D). The percentage of eyes with a refraction of ≤ -6.0 D came to 44.3% (54/122), and with ≤ -4.0 D it amounted to 72.1% (88/122). The average logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) best corrected visual acuity improved significantly from 0.52 ± 0.68 before surgery to 0.28 ± 0.45 after surgery. The primary surgical success rates were 92.0% for scleral buckling, 88.9% for vitrectomy, and 92.3% for combined scleral buckling and vitrectomy, with no significant factors related to anatomical success identified. Conclusions There was a high prevalence of moderate to severe myopia among patients in their 20s with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. However, no statistically significant correlation was found between the degree of myopia and anatomical success. Both functional and anatomical outcomes were generally favorable in these patients.

Purpose: To evaluate the characteristics, anatomical success rate, and factors that may affect the anatomical success of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in patients in their 20s. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of patients aged 20-29 years who underwent surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment from January 2018 to December 2022. We examined factors such as sex, age, duration of illness, preoperative best corrected visual acuity, presence of underlying diseases, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, lattice degeneration, macular involvement, extent of retinal detachment at diagnosis, axial length, and myopia level to explore their impact on surgical outcomes. Results: The study included 122 eyes. The mean age was 23.81 ± 2.82 years, and the average sphere power was -5.80 ± 3.71 diopters (D). The percentage of eyes with a refraction of ≤ -6.0 D came to 44.3% (54/122), and with ≤ -4.0 D it amounted to 72.1% (88/122). The average logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) best corrected visual acuity improved significantly from 0.52 ± 0.68 before surgery to 0.28 ± 0.45 after surgery. The primary surgical success rates were 92.0% for scleral buckling, 88.9% for vitrectomy, and 92.3% for combined scleral buckling and vitrectomy, with no significant factors related to anatomical success identified. Conclusions There was a high prevalence of moderate to severe myopia among patients in their 20s with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. However, no statistically significant correlation was found between the degree of myopia and anatomical success. Both functional and anatomical outcomes were generally favorable in these patients.

Purpose: To evaluate the characteristics, anatomical success rate, and factors that may affect the anatomical success of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in patients in their 20s. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of patients aged 20-29 years who underwent surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment from January 2018 to December 2022. We examined factors such as sex, age, duration of illness, preoperative best corrected visual acuity, presence of underlying diseases, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, lattice degeneration, macular involvement, extent of retinal detachment at diagnosis, axial length, and myopia level to explore their impact on surgical outcomes. Results: The study included 122 eyes. The mean age was 23.81 ± 2.82 years, and the average sphere power was -5.80 ± 3.71 diopters (D). The percentage of eyes with a refraction of ≤ -6.0 D came to 44.3% (54/122), and with ≤ -4.0 D it amounted to 72.1% (88/122). The average logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) best corrected visual acuity improved significantly from 0.52 ± 0.68 before surgery to 0.28 ± 0.45 after surgery. The primary surgical success rates were 92.0% for scleral buckling, 88.9% for vitrectomy, and 92.3% for combined scleral buckling and vitrectomy, with no significant factors related to anatomical success identified. Conclusions There was a high prevalence of moderate to severe myopia among patients in their 20s with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. However, no statistically significant correlation was found between the degree of myopia and anatomical success. Both functional and anatomical outcomes were generally favorable in these patients.

Background: We aimed to investigate the characteristics of pediatric ulcerative colitis (UC) at diagnosis in Korea. Methods: This was a multicenter, registry-based, inception cohort study conducted in Korea between 2021 and 2023. Children and adolescents newly diagnosed with UC < 18 years were included. Baseline clinicodemographics, results from laboratory, endoscopic exams, and Paris classification factors were collected, and associations between factors at diagnosis were investigated. Results: A total 205 patients with UC were included. Male-to-female ratio was 1.59:1, and the median age at diagnosis was 14.7 years (interquartile range 11.9–16.2). Disease extent of E1 comprised 12.2% (25/205), E2 24.9% (51/205), E3 11.2% (23/205), and E4 51.7% (106/205) of the patients. S1 comprised 13.7% (28/205) of the patients. The proportion of patients with a disease severity of S1 was significantly higher in patients with E4 compared to the other groups (E1: 0% vs. E2: 2% vs. E3: 0% vs. E4: 24.5%, P < 0.001). Significant differences between disease extent groups were also observed in Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis Activity Index (median 25 vs. 35 vs. 40 vs. 45, respectively, P < 0.001), hemoglobin (median 13.5 vs.13.2 vs. 11.6 vs. 11.4 g/dL, respectively, P < 0.001), platelet count (median 301 vs. 324 vs. 372 vs. 377 × 103 /μL, respectively, P = 0.001), C-reactive protein (median 0.05 vs. 0.10 vs. 0.17 vs. 0.38 mg/dL, respectively, P < 0.001), and Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity (median 4 vs. 4 vs. 4 vs. 5, respectively, P = 0.006). No significant differences were observed in factors between groups divided according to sex and diagnosis age. Conclusion This study represents the largest multicenter pediatric inflammatory bowel disease cohort in Korea. Disease severity was associated with disease extent in pediatric patients with UC at diagnosis.

Background: Aimed to report the prevalence and predisposing factors affecting subscapularis muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration (MAFI) in patients without a subscapularis tear, and to analyze the effect of this condition on surgical outcomes. Methods: Between 2020 and 2022, 153 patients (mean age 58.1 ± 10.2 years; 84 men and 69 women) who underwent repair of posterosuperior cuff tears, with no subscapularis tears identified during arthroscopy were retrospectively analyzed. Baseline characteristics, preoperative and follow-up (6 months) magnetic resonance imaging findings, arthroscopic findings, and clinical outcomes (>1 year) were recorded. Results: The prevalence of subscapularis MAFI (Goutallier grade 1 or 2) was 73.9% (113/153), of which the prevalence of Goutallier grade 2 was 23.5% (36/153). From multivariable logistic regression analysis, female sex (odds ratio [OR], 5.6; 95% CI, 1.7–18.6; P=0.005), older age (OR, 1.1; 95% CI, 1.0–1.1; P=0.052), advanced supraspinatus MAFI by Goutallier grade (OR, 3.2; 95% CI, 1.5–6.9; P=0.004), and synovitis (OR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.1–7.9; P=0.030) were identified as independent predisposing factors for subscapularis MAFI. However, patients with preoperative subscapularis MAFI exhibited similar final range of motion, pain and function, and belly press strength compared to those without preoperative subscapularis MAFI. Conclusions Subscapularis MAFI is frequently observed conditions even in the absence of subscapularis tears, and this condition could be affected by supraspinatus MAFI, female sex, older age, and synovitis. However, because subscapularis MAFI does not affect the surgical outcome, surgeons need not be concerned about this condition when repairing posterosuperior rotator cuff tear.Level of evidence: IV.

Background: We aimed to investigate the characteristics of pediatric ulcerative colitis (UC) at diagnosis in Korea. Methods: This was a multicenter, registry-based, inception cohort study conducted in Korea between 2021 and 2023. Children and adolescents newly diagnosed with UC < 18 years were included. Baseline clinicodemographics, results from laboratory, endoscopic exams, and Paris classification factors were collected, and associations between factors at diagnosis were investigated. Results: A total 205 patients with UC were included. Male-to-female ratio was 1.59:1, and the median age at diagnosis was 14.7 years (interquartile range 11.9–16.2). Disease extent of E1 comprised 12.2% (25/205), E2 24.9% (51/205), E3 11.2% (23/205), and E4 51.7% (106/205) of the patients. S1 comprised 13.7% (28/205) of the patients. The proportion of patients with a disease severity of S1 was significantly higher in patients with E4 compared to the other groups (E1: 0% vs. E2: 2% vs. E3: 0% vs. E4: 24.5%, P < 0.001). Significant differences between disease extent groups were also observed in Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis Activity Index (median 25 vs. 35 vs. 40 vs. 45, respectively, P < 0.001), hemoglobin (median 13.5 vs.13.2 vs. 11.6 vs. 11.4 g/dL, respectively, P < 0.001), platelet count (median 301 vs. 324 vs. 372 vs. 377 × 103 /μL, respectively, P = 0.001), C-reactive protein (median 0.05 vs. 0.10 vs. 0.17 vs. 0.38 mg/dL, respectively, P < 0.001), and Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity (median 4 vs. 4 vs. 4 vs. 5, respectively, P = 0.006). No significant differences were observed in factors between groups divided according to sex and diagnosis age. Conclusion This study represents the largest multicenter pediatric inflammatory bowel disease cohort in Korea. Disease severity was associated with disease extent in pediatric patients with UC at diagnosis.

Background: We aimed to investigate the characteristics of pediatric ulcerative colitis (UC) at diagnosis in Korea. Methods: This was a multicenter, registry-based, inception cohort study conducted in Korea between 2021 and 2023. Children and adolescents newly diagnosed with UC < 18 years were included. Baseline clinicodemographics, results from laboratory, endoscopic exams, and Paris classification factors were collected, and associations between factors at diagnosis were investigated. Results: A total 205 patients with UC were included. Male-to-female ratio was 1.59:1, and the median age at diagnosis was 14.7 years (interquartile range 11.9–16.2). Disease extent of E1 comprised 12.2% (25/205), E2 24.9% (51/205), E3 11.2% (23/205), and E4 51.7% (106/205) of the patients. S1 comprised 13.7% (28/205) of the patients. The proportion of patients with a disease severity of S1 was significantly higher in patients with E4 compared to the other groups (E1: 0% vs. E2: 2% vs. E3: 0% vs. E4: 24.5%, P < 0.001). Significant differences between disease extent groups were also observed in Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis Activity Index (median 25 vs. 35 vs. 40 vs. 45, respectively, P < 0.001), hemoglobin (median 13.5 vs.13.2 vs. 11.6 vs. 11.4 g/dL, respectively, P < 0.001), platelet count (median 301 vs. 324 vs. 372 vs. 377 × 103 /μL, respectively, P = 0.001), C-reactive protein (median 0.05 vs. 0.10 vs. 0.17 vs. 0.38 mg/dL, respectively, P < 0.001), and Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity (median 4 vs. 4 vs. 4 vs. 5, respectively, P = 0.006). No significant differences were observed in factors between groups divided according to sex and diagnosis age. Conclusion This study represents the largest multicenter pediatric inflammatory bowel disease cohort in Korea. Disease severity was associated with disease extent in pediatric patients with UC at diagnosis.

Background: We aimed to investigate the characteristics of pediatric ulcerative colitis (UC) at diagnosis in Korea. Methods: This was a multicenter, registry-based, inception cohort study conducted in Korea between 2021 and 2023. Children and adolescents newly diagnosed with UC < 18 years were included. Baseline clinicodemographics, results from laboratory, endoscopic exams, and Paris classification factors were collected, and associations between factors at diagnosis were investigated. Results: A total 205 patients with UC were included. Male-to-female ratio was 1.59:1, and the median age at diagnosis was 14.7 years (interquartile range 11.9–16.2). Disease extent of E1 comprised 12.2% (25/205), E2 24.9% (51/205), E3 11.2% (23/205), and E4 51.7% (106/205) of the patients. S1 comprised 13.7% (28/205) of the patients. The proportion of patients with a disease severity of S1 was significantly higher in patients with E4 compared to the other groups (E1: 0% vs. E2: 2% vs. E3: 0% vs. E4: 24.5%, P < 0.001). Significant differences between disease extent groups were also observed in Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis Activity Index (median 25 vs. 35 vs. 40 vs. 45, respectively, P < 0.001), hemoglobin (median 13.5 vs.13.2 vs. 11.6 vs. 11.4 g/dL, respectively, P < 0.001), platelet count (median 301 vs. 324 vs. 372 vs. 377 × 103 /μL, respectively, P = 0.001), C-reactive protein (median 0.05 vs. 0.10 vs. 0.17 vs. 0.38 mg/dL, respectively, P < 0.001), and Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity (median 4 vs. 4 vs. 4 vs. 5, respectively, P = 0.006). No significant differences were observed in factors between groups divided according to sex and diagnosis age. Conclusion This study represents the largest multicenter pediatric inflammatory bowel disease cohort in Korea. Disease severity was associated with disease extent in pediatric patients with UC at diagnosis.

Background: Aimed to report the prevalence and predisposing factors affecting subscapularis muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration (MAFI) in patients without a subscapularis tear, and to analyze the effect of this condition on surgical outcomes. Methods: Between 2020 and 2022, 153 patients (mean age 58.1 ± 10.2 years; 84 men and 69 women) who underwent repair of posterosuperior cuff tears, with no subscapularis tears identified during arthroscopy were retrospectively analyzed. Baseline characteristics, preoperative and follow-up (6 months) magnetic resonance imaging findings, arthroscopic findings, and clinical outcomes (>1 year) were recorded. Results: The prevalence of subscapularis MAFI (Goutallier grade 1 or 2) was 73.9% (113/153), of which the prevalence of Goutallier grade 2 was 23.5% (36/153). From multivariable logistic regression analysis, female sex (odds ratio [OR], 5.6; 95% CI, 1.7–18.6; P=0.005), older age (OR, 1.1; 95% CI, 1.0–1.1; P=0.052), advanced supraspinatus MAFI by Goutallier grade (OR, 3.2; 95% CI, 1.5–6.9; P=0.004), and synovitis (OR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.1–7.9; P=0.030) were identified as independent predisposing factors for subscapularis MAFI. However, patients with preoperative subscapularis MAFI exhibited similar final range of motion, pain and function, and belly press strength compared to those without preoperative subscapularis MAFI. Conclusions Subscapularis MAFI is frequently observed conditions even in the absence of subscapularis tears, and this condition could be affected by supraspinatus MAFI, female sex, older age, and synovitis. However, because subscapularis MAFI does not affect the surgical outcome, surgeons need not be concerned about this condition when repairing posterosuperior rotator cuff tear.Level of evidence: IV.

Background: Aimed to report the prevalence and predisposing factors affecting subscapularis muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration (MAFI) in patients without a subscapularis tear, and to analyze the effect of this condition on surgical outcomes. Methods: Between 2020 and 2022, 153 patients (mean age 58.1 ± 10.2 years; 84 men and 69 women) who underwent repair of posterosuperior cuff tears, with no subscapularis tears identified during arthroscopy were retrospectively analyzed. Baseline characteristics, preoperative and follow-up (6 months) magnetic resonance imaging findings, arthroscopic findings, and clinical outcomes (>1 year) were recorded. Results: The prevalence of subscapularis MAFI (Goutallier grade 1 or 2) was 73.9% (113/153), of which the prevalence of Goutallier grade 2 was 23.5% (36/153). From multivariable logistic regression analysis, female sex (odds ratio [OR], 5.6; 95% CI, 1.7–18.6; P=0.005), older age (OR, 1.1; 95% CI, 1.0–1.1; P=0.052), advanced supraspinatus MAFI by Goutallier grade (OR, 3.2; 95% CI, 1.5–6.9; P=0.004), and synovitis (OR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.1–7.9; P=0.030) were identified as independent predisposing factors for subscapularis MAFI. However, patients with preoperative subscapularis MAFI exhibited similar final range of motion, pain and function, and belly press strength compared to those without preoperative subscapularis MAFI. Conclusions Subscapularis MAFI is frequently observed conditions even in the absence of subscapularis tears, and this condition could be affected by supraspinatus MAFI, female sex, older age, and synovitis. However, because subscapularis MAFI does not affect the surgical outcome, surgeons need not be concerned about this condition when repairing posterosuperior rotator cuff tear.Level of evidence: IV.