1.Development of a Standardized Suicide Prevention Program for Gatekeeper Intervention in Korea (Suicide CARE Version 2.0) to Prevent Adolescent Suicide: Version for Teachers
Hyeon-Ah LEE ; Yeon Jung LEE ; Kyong Ah KIM ; Myungjae BAIK ; Jong-Woo PAIK ; Jinmi SEOL ; Sang Min LEE ; Eun-Jin LEE ; Haewoo LEE ; Meerae LIM ; Jin Yong JUN ; Seon Wan KI ; Hong Jin JEON ; Sun Jung KWON ; Hwa-Young LEE
Psychiatry Investigation 2025;22(1):117-117
2.A New Agenda for Optimizing Roles and Infrastructure in a Mental Health Service Model for South Korea
Eunsoo KIM ; Hyeon-Ah LEE ; Yu-Ri LEE ; In Suk LEE ; Kyoung-Sae NA ; Seung-Hee AHN ; Chul-Hyun CHO ; Hwoyeon SEO ; Soo Bong JUNG ; Sung Joon CHO ; Hwa-Young LEE
Psychiatry Investigation 2025;22(1):26-39
Objective:
As the demand for community mental health services continues to grow, the need for well-equipped and organized services has become apparent. This study aimed to optimize the roles and infrastructure of mental health services, by establishing, among other initiatives, standardized operating models.
Methods:
The study was conducted in multiple phases from May 12, 2021, to December 29, 2021. Stakeholders within South Korea and metropolitan mental health welfare centers were targeted, but addiction management support centers, including officials, patients, and their families, were integrated as well. A literature review and survey, focus group interviews, a Delphi survey, and expert consultation contributed to comprehensive revisions and improvements of the mental health service model.
Results:
The proposed model for community mental health welfare centers emphasizes the expansion of personnel and infrastructure, with a focus on severe mental illnesses and suicide prevention. The model for metropolitan mental health welfare centers delineates essential tasks in areas such as project planning and establishment, community research, and education about severe mental illnesses. The establishment of a 24-hour emergency intervention center was a crucial feature. In the integrated addiction support center model, the need to promote addiction management is defined as an essential task and the establishment of national governance for addiction policies is recommended.
Conclusion
This study proposed standard operating models for three types of mental health service centers. To meet the increasing need for community care, robust mental health service delivery systems are of primary importance.
3.Memory Decline and Aberration of Synaptic Proteins in X-Linked Moesin Knockout Male Mice
Hua CAI ; Seong Mi LEE ; Yura CHOI ; Bomlee LEE ; Soo Jung IM ; Dong Hyeon KIM ; Hyung Jun CHOI ; Jin Hee KIM ; Yeni KIM ; Boo Ahn SHIN ; Songhee JEON
Psychiatry Investigation 2025;22(1):10-25
Objective:
This study aims to investigate may moesin deficiency resulted in neurodevelopmental abnormalities caused by negative impact on synaptic signaling ultimately leading to synaptic structure and plasticity.
Methods:
Behavioral assessments measured neurodevelopment (surface righting, negative geotaxis, cliff avoidance), anxiety (open field test, elevated plus maze test), and memory (passive avoidance test, Y-maze test) in moesin-knockout mice (KO) compared to wild-type mice (WT). Whole exome sequencing (WES) of brain (KO vs. WT) and analysis of synaptic proteins were performed to determine the disruption of signal pathways downstream of moesin. Risperidone, a therapeutic agent, was utilized to reverse the neurodevelopmental aberrance in moesin KO.
Results:
Moesin-KO pups exhibited decrease in the surface righting ability on postnatal day 7 (p<0.05) and increase in time spent in the closed arms (p<0.01), showing increased anxiety-like behavior. WES revealed mutations in pathway aberration in neuron projection, actin filament-based processes, and neuronal migration in KO. Decreased cell viability (p<0.001) and expression of soluble NSF adapter protein 25 (SNAP25) (p<0.001) and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95) (p<0.01) was observed in days in vitro 7 neurons. Downregulation of synaptic proteins, and altered phosphorylation levels of Synapsin I, mammalian uncoordinated 18 (MUNC18), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) was observed in KO cortex and hippocampus. Risperidone reversed the memory impairment in the passive avoidance test and the spontaneous alternation percentage in the Y maze test. Risperidone also restored the reduced expression of PSD95 (p<0.01) and the phosphorylation of Synapsin at Ser605 (p<0.05) and Ser549 (p<0.001) in the cortex of moesin-KO.
Conclusion
Moesin deficiency leads to neurodevelopmental delay and memory decline, which may be caused through altered regulation in synaptic proteins and function.
4.Sex-specific impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on the incidence of metabolic syndrome: a comparative study of 2018–2019 and 2020–2021
Kyeong-Hyeon CHUN ; Hyun-Jin KIM ; Dae Ryong KANG ; Jang Young KIM ; Wonjin KIM ; Yong Whi JEONG ; Seung Hwan HAN ; Kwang Kon KOH ;
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine 2025;40(2):262-274
Background/Aims:
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly impacted global health, exacerbated metabolic health issues, and altered lifestyle behaviors. This study examined the sex-specific impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on the incidence of metabolic syndrome using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES).
Methods:
Data from the KNHANES VII (2018) and VIII (2019–2021), including 15,499 participants, were analyzed. The study population was stratified by sex, and further subdivisions were conducted based on the timeframe relative to the COVID-19 outbreak. Variables such as age, education level, household income, smoking status, and high-risk drinking were analyzed to assess their influence on the prevalence of metabolic syndrome.
Results:
The overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome significantly increased from 28.11% before the outbreak to 29.69% after the outbreak. Both males and females reported significant increases in waist circumference and fasting glucose levels. Age and education level differentially influenced the prevalence of metabolic syndrome between the sex. Smoking was significantly associated with increased prevalence in males, whereas high-risk drinking was associated with increased prevalence in males and decreased prevalence in females.
Conclusions
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly increased the prevalence of metabolic syndrome with notable sex-specific differences. These findings highlight the need for sex-specific public health interventions to mitigate the impact of the pandemic on metabolic health.
5.Increased risk of dementia in patients with primary Sjogren’s syndrome: a nationwide population-based cohort study
Kyung-Ann LEE ; Hyeji JEON ; Hyun-Sook KIM ; Kyomin CHOI ; Gi Hyeon SEO
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine 2025;40(2):330-338
Background/Aims:
This nationwide cohort study aimed to evaluate (1) whether primary Sjogren’s syndrome (pSS) can contribute to the development of dementia and (2) whether the use of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) can decrease the incidence of dementia in patients with pSS using the Health Insurance Review and Assessment database.
Methods:
We established a cohort between 2008 and 2020 of 20,160 patients with pSS without a history of dementia. The control group comprised sex- and age-matched individuals with no history of autoimmune disease or dementia. Cox proportional hazard analyses were performed to identify the association between pSS and dementia development. We also assessed the hazard ratio (HR) of dementia in early users of HCQ (within 180 days of the diagnosis of pSS) compared to non-users, adjusted for age, sex, and comorbidities.
Results:
The incidence of dementia was 0.68 (95% CI 0.64–0.72) cases per 100 person-years in pSS, and it was 0.58 (0.56–0.60) in the controls. The adjusted HR (aHR) of developing dementia was 1.16 (1.09–1.25) times greater in the pSS group than in the controls. The risk of dementia did not increase in HCQ users (aHR 1.07 [0.94–1.21]), but HCQ non-users had a 1.22 (1.12–1.33) higher risk of developing dementia than the matched controls. The use of HCQ lowered the risk of dementia in comparison with non-users in patients with pSS (aHR 0.82 [0.71–0.94]).
Conclusions
Our results suggest that pSS is associated with an increased risk of dementia. HCQ may prevent dementia in patients with pSS.
6.Prevalence and characteristics of impacted teeth in Korean orthodontic patients at ten university dental hospitals
Youn-Kyung CHOI ; Sung-Hun KIM ; Yong-Il KIM ; Seong-Sik KIM ; Soo-Byung PARK ; Dong-Soon CHOI ; Ho-Jin KIM ; Kyung-A KIM ; Mo-Hyeon LEE ; Sung-Hwan CHOI ; Sung-Kwon CHOI ; Kyungmin Clara LEE ; Young-Mi JEON ; Sewoong OH ; Seorin JEONG
The Korean Journal of Orthodontics 2025;55(3):234-241
Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of impacted teeth (ITs) in orthodontic patients at university dental hospitals in Korea.
Methods:
This study included 14,774 patients who visited the Department of Orthodontics at 10 university dental hospitals in Korea between 2020 and 2022 and underwent orthodontic diagnosis. The prevalence and characteristics of ITs were investigated using orthodontic diagnostic records, radiographs, and diagnostic casts.
Results:
The prevalence of ITs, excluding third molar impaction, in Korean orthodontic patients was 13.6% (n = 2,014).The prevalence of ITs in pediatric orthodontic patients was 24.5% (n = 1,614).Of these patients, 68.2% had one IT, 27.5% had two ITs, 24.3% had bilateral IT, and 75.7% had unilateral IT. The most frequent IT was the maxillary canine (50.1%), followed by the mandibular second molar (11.7%), and maxillary second premolar (9.6%). An abnormal eruption path (46.5%) was the most frequent etiology. Orthodontic traction after surgical exposure (70.6%) was the most frequent treatment option. Among the patients with ITs, 29.8% had other dental anomalies, such as tooth agenesis (8.7%), microdontia (8.0%), and supernumerary teeth (5.1%). Furthermore, 50.8% had complications such as cystic lesions (18.3%), transposition (17.7%), and root resorption (14.8%).Among the patients with maxillary canine impaction, 62.2% had labial maxillary canine impaction and 21.1% had palatal maxillary canine impaction.
Conclusions
The prevalence of ITs in Korean orthodontic patients at university dental hospitals was high, particularly in pediatric orthodontic patients.
7.Subacromial Steroid Injection Is Safe and Effective in Patients with Persistent Painful Stiffness after Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: a Level III Retrospective Cohort Study in Korea
Ajay WANKHADE ; Hyeon Jang JEONG ; Young Ki MIN ; Ji Hyun YEO ; Je Kyun KIM ; Joo Han OH
The Korean Journal of Sports Medicine 2025;43(1):30-36
Purpose:
Persistent postoperative stiffness is a common complication after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR).We hypothesized that a subacromial steroid injection (SAI) may improve the early outcomes in patients with persistent stiffness without increasing steroid-associated complications. Therefore, we evaluated the effectiveness and safety of SAI in patients with persistent stiffness 3 months after ARCR.
Methods:
We retrospectively analyzed 300 ARCR cases performed between January 2012 and May 2014, in which repair integrity was confirmed at postoperative 3 months. Patients were divided into SAI and control groups. The SAI group received a single SAI (triamcinolone 40 mg and ropivacaine 52.5 mg) to address postoperative stiffness, with no additional SAI thereafter. The control group did not receive any injections until the final follow-up. Functional and radiological outcomes were compared between the two groups.
Results:
The mean follow-up period was 18.1±4.7 months (range, 12.1–37.2 months), with no difference between groups (p=0.731). At the time of injection, the range of motion was significantly lower in the SAI (all p<0.001). However, functional outcomes were comparable between the two groups at 3 months after injection and the final follow-up (all p> 0.05). The healing failure rate at the final follow-up also did not differ between the SAI and control groups (14.9% vs. 13.2%, p=0.671).
Conclusion
This short-term follow-up study suggests that the administration of a single SAI to treat persistent stiffness at 3 months after ARCR may improve functional recovery without increasing the risk of healing failure.
8.Comparison of Finasteride and Dutasteride on Risk of Prostate Cancer in Patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Pooled Analysis of 15Real-world Databases
Dae Yul YANG ; Won-Woo SEO ; Rae Woong PARK ; Sang Youl RHEE ; Jae Myung CHA ; Yoon Soo HAH ; Chang Won JEONG ; Kyung-Jin KIM ; Hyeon-Jong YANG ; Do Kyung KIM ; Ji Yong HA
The World Journal of Men's Health 2025;43(1):188-196
Purpose:
Finasteride and dutasteride are used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and reduce the risk of developing prostate cancer. Finasteride blocks only the type 2 form of 5-alpha-reductase, whereas dutasteride blocks both type 1 and 2 forms of the enzyme. Previous studies suggest the possibility that dutasteride may be superior to finasteride in preventing prostate cancer. We directly compared the effects of finasteride and dutasteride on the risk of prostate cancer in patients with BPH using a pooled analysis of 15 real-world databases.
Materials and Methods:
We conducted a multicenter, cohort study of new-users of finasteride and dutasteride. We include patients who were prescribed 5 mg finasteride or dutasteride for the first time to treat BPH and had at least 180 days of prescription. We excluded patients with a history of prostate cancer or a prostate-specific antigen level ≥ 4 ng/mL before the study drug prescription. Cox regression analysis was performed to examine the hazard ratio (HR) for prostate cancer after propensity score (PS) matching.
Results:
A total of 8,284 patients of new-users of finasteride and 8,670 patients of new-users of dutasteride were included across the 15 databases. In the overall population, compared to dutasteride, finasteride was associated with a lower risk of prostate cancer in both on-treatment and intent-to-treat time-at-risk periods. After 1:1 PS matching, 4,897 patients using finasteride and 4,897 patients using dutasteride were enrolled in the present study. No significant differences were observed for risk of prostate cancer between finasteride and dutasteride both on-treatment (HR=0.66, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.44–1.00; p=0.051) and intent-to-treat time-at-risk periods (HR=0.87, 95% CI: 0.67–1.14; p=0.310).
Conclusions
Using real-world databases, the present study demonstrated that dutasteride was not associated with a lower risk of prostate cancer than finasteride in patients with BPH.
9.The Application of L-Serine-Incorporated Gelatin Sponge into the Calvarial Defect of the Ovariectomized Rats
Yoon-Jo LEE ; Ji-Hyeon OH ; Suyeon PARK ; Jongho CHOI ; Min-Ho HONG ; HaeYong KWEON ; Weon-Sik CHAE ; Xiangguo CHE ; Je-Yong CHOI ; Seong-Gon KIM
Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine 2025;22(1):91-104
BACKGROUND:
Osteoporosis, characterized by decreased bone mineral density due to an imbalance between osteoblast and osteoclast activity, poses significant challenges in bone healing, particularly in postmenopausal women. Current treatments, such as bisphosphonates, are effective but associated with adverse effects like medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw, necessitating safer alternatives.
METHODS:
This study investigated the use of L-serine-incorporated gelatin sponges for bone regeneration in calvarial defects in an ovariectomized rat model of osteoporosis. Thirty rats were divided into three groups: a control group, a group treated with a gelatin sponge containing an amino acid mixture, and a group treated with a gelatin sponge containing L-serine. Bone regeneration was assessed using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and histological analyses.
RESULTS:
The L-serine group showed a significant increase in bone volume (BV) and bone area compared to the control and amino acid groups. The bone volume to total volume (BV/TV) ratio was also significantly higher in the L-serine group.Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that L-serine treatment suppressed the expression of cathepsin K, a marker of osteoclast activity, while increasing serine racemase activity.
CONCLUSION
These findings suggest that L-serine-incorporated gelatin sponges not only enhance bone formation but also inhibit osteoclast-mediated bone resorption, providing a promising and safer alternative to current therapies for osteoporosis-related bone defects. Further research is needed to explore its clinical applications in human patients.
10.Kernel Conversion Improves the Correlation between the Extent of Emphysema and Clinical Parameters in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Multicenter Cohort Study
Tai Joon AN ; Youlim KIM ; Hyun LEE ; Hyeon-Kyoung KOO ; Naoya TANABE ; Kum Ju CHAE ; Kwang Ha YOO
Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases 2025;88(2):303-309
Background:
Computed tomography (CT) scans are utilized to assess emphysema, a prominent phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Variability in CT protocols and equipment across hospitals can impact accuracy. This study aims to implement kernel conversion across different CT settings and evaluate changes in the correlation between the emphysema index pre- and post-kernel conversion, along with clinical measures in COPD patients.
Methods:
Data were extracted from the Korea COPD Subgroup Study database, which included CT scan images from 484 COPD patients. These images underwent kernel conversion. Emphysema extent was quantified using the percentage of low-attenuation areas (%LAA-950) determined by a deep learning-based program. The correlation between %LAA-950 and clinical parameters, including lung function tests, the modified Medical Research Council (mMRC), 6-minute walking distance (6MWD), COPD assessment test (CAT), and the St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire for COPD (SGRQ-c), was analyzed. Subsequently, these values were compared across various CT settings.
Results:
A total of 484 participants were included. Kernel conversion significantly reduced the variance in %LAA-950 values (before vs. after: 12.6±11.0 vs. 8.8±11.9). Post-kernel conversion, %LAA-950 demonstrated moderate correlations with forced expiratory volume in 1 second (r=–0.41), residual volume/total lung capacity (r=0.42), mMRC (r=0.25), CAT score (r=0.12), SGRQ-c (r=0.21), and 6MWD (r=0.15), all of which were improved compared to the unconverted dataset (all p<0.01).
Conclusion
CT images processed through kernel conversion enhance the correlation between the extent of emphysema and clinical parameters in COPD.

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