Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of Xiaozhi Tea(composed of Eupatorii Herba,Nelumbinis Folium,Chrysanthemi Flos,Cassiae Semen,Crataegi Fructus,bran-fried Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma,Poria,Pseudostellariae Radix,Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium,Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle)combined with Atorvastatin Calcium Tablets for the treatment of hyperlipidemia patients with turbid phlegm obstruction syndrome.Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted in 200 hyperlipidemia patients with turbid phlegm obstruction syndrome who visited the outpatient department of Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Group from September 2023 to September 2024.The patients were equally divided into a trial group and a control group based on the treatment regimen,with 100 cases in each group.The control group received oral use of Atorvastatin Calcium Tablets alone,while the trial group received Xiaozhi Tea in addition to Atorvastatin Calcium Tablets orally,both groups were treated for 8 weeks.Changes in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome scores and lipid profiles of total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)in the two groups were observed before and after treatment.After treatment,the clinical efficacy and safety of the two groups were evaluated.Results(1)There were 3 patients in the control group dropping out due to lack of follow-up data,leaving 197 patients who eventually completed the study,100 cases in the trial group and 97 cases in the control group.(2)After 8 weeks of treatment,the total effective rate in the trial group was 97.00%(97/100)and that in the control group was 87.63%(85/97).The intergroup comparison(tested by chi-square test)showed that the trial group showed significantly stronger efficacy than the control group(P＜0.05).(3)Both groups exhibited significant reductions in TCM syndrome scores after treatment in comparison with those before treatment(P＜0.05),and a more pronounced reduction was presented in the trial group(P＜0.05).(4)Both groups showed decreased TC,TG,and LDL-C levels(P＜0.05)and increased HDL-C level after treatment in comparison with those before treatment(P＜0.05).The trial group demonstrated more obvious reduction of TC,TG,LDL-C,and more obvious elevation of HDL-C than the control group(P＜0.05).(5)In terms of safety,no severe adverse reactions occurred in either group.The incidence of adverse reactions in the trial group was 1.00%(1/100)and that in the control group was 2.06%(2/97),with no statistically significant difference between groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion Xiaozhi Tea combined with Atorvastatin Calcium Tablets exerts certain efficacy in treating hyperlipidemia with turbid phlegm obstruction syndrome,and is effective on significantly improving lipid profiles and clinical symptoms.The combination therapy demonstrates superior efficacy compared to Atorvastatin Calcium Tablets alone.