Objective: To explore the impact of sleep quality, experience of childhood maltreatment, and their interaction on depressive symptoms among middle school students, so as to provide the reference for early intervention of depressive symptoms among middle school students. Methods: From September to December 2023, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 231 students from two secondary schools in Harbin, Heilongjiang Province by a convenient sampling method. The survey included general demographic information, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire Short Form, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Short Version of Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. The Chi square test was used to analyze the differences in depressive symptom, sleep quality and childhood maltreatment among students with different demographic characteristics. Correlation analysis was conducted using Logistic regression, and interaction analysis was performed by both additive and multiplicative interaction models. Results: The detection rate of depressive symptoms among middle school students was 22.7%, and the rate for high school students (35.2%) was significantly higher than that for middle school students (17.0%) ( χ 2=50.35, P <0.01). The detection rates of depressive symptoms among middle school students with a history of childhood maltreatment and poor sleep quality were 45.8% and 44.0%, respectively. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that compared to students without a history of childhood maltreatment, students with a history of childhood maltreatment had a higher risk of depressive symptoms ( OR =4.49，95% CI =3.31~ 6.09 , P <0.01);students with poor sleep quality had a higher risk of depressive symptoms than students with good sleep quality ( OR = 5.99，95% CI =4.37~8.22, P <0.01).The interaction results showed that the presence of childhood maltreatment and poor sleep quality had an additive interaction on the occurrence of depression in middle school students. Compared with students without childhood maltreatment and having good sleep quality, students with childhood maltreatment and poor sleep quality had a 22.49 times higher risk of developing depression ( OR =22.49，95% CI =14.22~35.59, P <0.01). Conclusion Depressive symptoms among middle school students are associated with childhood maltreatment and poor sleep quality, and there is an additive interaction between childhood maltreatment and poor sleep quality on the impact of depressive symptoms.

Tauopathies, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), are a series of neurodegenerative diseases characterized by pathological accumulation of the microtubule-associated protein tau. Since the abnormal modification and deposition of tau in nerve cells are crucial for tauopathy etiology, methods for reducing tau levels, such as promoting tau degradation, may become effective strategies for disease treatment. Herein, we identified that sorafenib significantly reduced total tau and phosphorylated tau levels through screening FDA-approved drugs. We showed that sorafenib treatment attenuated cognitive deficits and tau pathologies in PS19 tauopathy model mice. Mechanistically, we found that sorafenib inhibited multiple kinases involved in tau phosphorylation and promoted autophagy. Importantly, we further demonstrated that sorafenib also promoted the expression of the E3 ubiquitin ligase FBXW7, which could bind tau and mediate tau degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Finally, we showed that FBXW7 expression decreased in the brains of AD patients and tauopathy model mice, and that overexpression of FBXW7 in the hippocampus attenuated cognitive deficits and tau pathologies in PS19 mice. These results suggest that sorafenib may be a promising treatment option for tauopathies by promoting tau degradation and reducing tau phosphorylation, and that targeting FBXW7 could also serve as an alternative therapeutic strategy for tauopathies.

Postoperative pain seriously affects the recovery process of patients, resulting in prolonged hospital stay and increased care costs. Appropriate application of patient-controlled analgesia devices can effectively relieve perioperative acute pain. In 1994 patient-controlled analgesia began to be used in Peking Union Medical College Hospital, and the Acute Pain Service Working Group was established in 2004. With the cooperation of anesthesiologists and specialist nurses, the group jointly has implemented the whole process and standardized management based on patient-controlled analgesia, and constantly improved and innovated working methods, laying a solid foundation for the development of postoperative pain management. This paper systematically reviews and summarizes the work from the aspects of clinical focus, nursing management experience, promotion and dissemination of pain treatment concepts, and development of acute pain service model under the new situation, with the hope of providing valuable reference for comprehensively strengthening pain management in the process of diagnosis and treatment, and enhancing patients' satisfaction with perioperative analgesia services.

Objective To analyze the fairness of human resource allocation in professional public health agency (PHA) in Guangdong Province in 2022. Methods Health technical staff, other technical staff, and management staff from PHAs in Guangdong Province, such as disease prevention and control centers, specialized disease prevention and treatment institutions, maternal and child health institutions, health education centers, emergency centers/stations, blood collection and supply institutions, health supervision agencies, and family planning service centers under health departments, were selected as the study subjects. Data on human resource allocation in PHAs were collected, and the Lorenz curve, Gini coefficient, and Theil index were used to analyze the fairness of personnel allocation based on three dimensions: year-end resident population, geographical area, and regional gross domestic product. Results The number of PHA personnel per 10 000 population in four regions of the Pearl River Delta, eastern, western and mountain area in Guangdong Province was (7.49±3.74), (4.74±0.87), (8.73±1.67) and (10.33±1.80), respectively. There was no correlation between the per capita regional gross dumestic product of each prefecture level city and the number of PHA personnel (Spearman′s rank correlation coefficient=0.43, P>0.05). PHA resource allocation based on year-end resident population was more equitable than allocations based on geographical area or regional gross dumestic product, as indicated by the Lorenz curve being closest to the 45° standard line and the lowest Gini coefficient. The fairness of personnel allocation from high to low was ranked as follows: practicing (assistant) physicians, health technicians, registered nurses, managers personnel, and other technical personnel, with Theil indices of 0.035 0, 0.036 4, 0.044 6, 0.048 4, and 0.053 5, respectively. The differences in configuration fairness were derived from within group differences, with contribution rates of 76.0%, 73.9%, 71.8%, 82.9%, and 92.2%. The Lorenz curve, Gini coefficient, and Theil index were consistent in the distribution of permanent residents at the end of the year. Conclusion The fairness of professional human resource allocation in Guangdong Province based on the distribution of permanent residents at the end of the year is better than that based on geographical area and regional gross domestic product. The fairness of the allocation of practicing (assistant) physicians is better than that of other professional categories. Regional differences are the main reason for the relatively unfair allocation of PHA human resources in Guangdong Province.

Objective:To discuss the feasibility of the viscosity determination method in the registration standard of type IB magnesium aluminum silicate.Methods:Two different types of high speed blender and rotary viscometer were used to investigate the viscosity of IB-type magnesium aluminum silicate.Results:When the viscosity of mag-nesium aluminum silicate(IB type)was investigated by rod high-speed stirrer and rotary viscometer,the samples did not meet the requirements.When the viscosity of magnesium aluminum silicate(IB type)was investigated by wall breaker and rotary viscometer,the samples met the requirements.Conclusion:IB type magnesium aluminum silicate is a thixotropic non-newtonian fluid,and the viscosity measurement results of it are greatly affected by the high speed blender.It is recommended that the type of high speed blender which is suitable for use in the test should be specified.

Bladder perfusion is one of the main methods for the treatment of bladder cancer. In order to further improve the standardization of bladder cancer bladder perfusion operation for nursing staff, this paper, guided by evidence-based methods, formed the expert consensus on the whole process management of bladder perfusion for bladder cancer through Delphi expert consultation and expert demonstration meeting, and provided guidance for the standardization of clinical nursing practice and management institutionalization of bladder cancer bladder perfusion from seven aspects, namely, perfusion environment, operators, drug allocation, operation process, adverse reactions, health education and continuous nursing.

Objective:To retrospectively analyze the treatment status of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) in newly diagnosed patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in China.Methods:Data of chronic phase (CP) and accelerated phase (AP) CML patients diagnosed from January 2006 to December 2022 from 77 centers, ≥18 years old, and receiving initial imatinib, nilotinib, dasatinib or flumatinib-therapy within 6 months after diagnosis in China with complete data were retrospectively interrogated. The choice of initial TKI, current TKI medications, treatment switch and reasons, treatment responses and outcomes as well as the variables associated with them were analyzed.Results:6 893 patients in CP ( n=6 453, 93.6%) or AP ( n=440, 6.4%) receiving initial imatinib ( n=4 906, 71.2%), nilotinib ( n=1 157, 16.8%), dasatinib ( n=298, 4.3%) or flumatinib ( n=532, 7.2%) -therapy. With the median follow-up of 43 ( IQR 22-75) months, 1 581 (22.9%) patients switched TKI due to resistance ( n=1 055, 15.3%), intolerance ( n=248, 3.6%), pursuit of better efficacy ( n=168, 2.4%), economic or other reasons ( n=110, 1.6%). The frequency of switching TKI in AP patients was significantly-higher than that in CP patients (44.1% vs 21.5%, P<0.001), and more AP patients switched TKI due to resistance than CP patients (75.3% vs 66.1%, P=0.011). Multi-variable analyses showed that male, lower HGB concentration and ELTS intermediate/high-risk cohort were associated with lower cytogenetic and molecular responses rate and poor outcomes in CP patients; higher WBC count and initial the second-generation TKI treatment, the higher response rates; Ph + ACA at diagnosis, poor PFS. However, Sokal intermediate/high-risk cohort was only significantly-associated with lower CCyR and MMR rates and the poor PFS. Lower HGB concentration and larger spleen size were significantly-associated with the lower cytogenetic and molecular response rates in AP patients; initial the second-generation TKI treatment, the higher treatment response rates; lower PLT count, higher blasts and Ph + ACA, poorer TFS; Ph + ACA, poorer OS. Conclusion:At present, the vast majority of newly-diagnosed CML-CP or AP patients could benefit from TKI treatment in the long term with the good treatment responses and survival outcomes.

Objective: To develop a method that can continuously monitor duration of students outdoor activities for a long time, so as to provide data support for the relationship between outdoor activity duration and students health. Methods: From April 28 to July 6, 2022, 1 168 students from a primary school in Shenzhen were selected. Fixed cameras were placed on the top of school classrooms, corridors and critical paths were used to identify student data and duration in the picture. And AI, cloud computing and other methods were used to measure students-non-classroom time instead of outdoor activity time in school. Results: The average length of time spend on outdoor activities in school of the 24 pilot classes were 67.6-113.0 min, and showed a downward trend by grade ( F =42.74, P <0.05). The duration of outdoor activities among students was negatively correlated with the detection rate of myopia and overweight( r =-0.74, -0.45, P <0.05). Conclusion The data on outdoor activity time calculated by AI image recognition is basically in line with the reality. Monitoring students outdoor activity time at school through AI image recognition is feasible and popularized.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and high on-treatment platelet reactivity (HTPR) during clopidogrel treatment in patients with ischemic stroke.Methods:Patients with ischemic stroke who received maintenance dose of clopidogrel (75 mg/d) in the Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine from January 2017 to March 2021 were retrospectively included. The highest quartile (Q4) of the TyG index was defined as insulin resistance. Platelet reactivity was assessed by thromboelastogram and clopidogrel HTPR was defined as the clot strength induced by adenosine diphosphate (MA ADP) >47 mm. Multivariate regression model was used to analyze the independent correlation between TyG index and platelet reactivity. Results:A total of 83 patients were included. The TyG index showed a linear correlation with MA ADP. The patients were divided into 4 groups according to the quartile of TyG index. The incidence of clopidogrel HTPR increased significantly with the increase of the quartile of the TyG index ( Ptrend=0.017). Multivariate analysis showed that there was a significant independent correlation between insulin resistance and clopidogrel HTPR (odds ratio 4.597, 95% confidence interval 1.285-16.446; P=0.019). Conclusions:In patients with ischemic stroke treated with clopidogrel, the incidence of clopidogrel HTPR gradually increases with the increase of the quartile of the TyG index. The insulin resistance assessed by the TyG index is independently associated with clopidogrel HTPR.