With the increasing aging of the population in China,the problem of cognitive decline with age is becoming more prominent,and how to move forward to maintain and improve cognitive function in older adults has become an important research topic.Active participation in social activities has a protective effect on cognitive function in older adults.This paper summarizes the concepts of social activities,relationships with cognitive function,and strategies for promoting interventions.The corresponding nursing inspirations were proposed,aiming to provide new perspectives for improving cognitive function in older adults.

With the increasing aging of the population in China,the problem of cognitive decline with age is becoming more prominent,and how to move forward to maintain and improve cognitive function in older adults has become an important research topic.Active participation in social activities has a protective effect on cognitive function in older adults.This paper summarizes the concepts of social activities,relationships with cognitive function,and strategies for promoting interventions.The corresponding nursing inspirations were proposed,aiming to provide new perspectives for improving cognitive function in older adults.

Objective:To explore the current status and factors influencing physical activity among pre-frail and frail older adults in the community.Methods:Convenience sampling was used to select 207 pre-frail and frail older adults from Donghuashi community and Fangzhuang community in Beijing from April to June 2024 as study subjects. Older adults were surveyed for their general information, lifestyle behaviors, nutritional status, and physical activity. Binary Logistic regression was used to explore the factors influencing the level of physical activity among pre-frail and frail older adults in the community.Results:A total of 207 questionnaires were distributed and 204 valid questionnaires were recovered, with a valid recovery rate of 98.55%. The Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly score of the 204 community-based pre-frail and frail older adults was 86.87 (52.14, 125.00), and the form of activity was predominantly walking (98.5%, 201/204) and light domestic physical activity (85.8%, 175/204). Binary Logistic regression showed that taking a nap ( OR=3.614), abnormal nighttime sleep duration ( OR=4.077), fear of falling before or during exercise ( OR=7.895), and risk of malnutrition ( OR=9.263) were risk factors for levels of physical activity in pre-frail and frail older adults in the community ( P<0.05), and good exercise cognition ( OR=0.055) was a protective factor for physical activity levels ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Pre-frail and frail older adults in the community have low levels of physical activity, which is dominated by walking and household activities. Community healthcare workers should strengthen the management of physical activity for pre-frail and frail older adults, cultivate their good living habits, improve their sleep quality, ensure sufficient night sleep, help them overcome the fear of falling before or during exercise, set up the correct concept of exercise, form a good cognition of exercise, and guide their family members to pay attention to the nutritional status of older adults, beware of the risk of malnutrition, and improve the level of physical activity to delay or even reverse the frail state.

Objective:To evaluate and integrate the evidence related to the prevention of unplanned readmission in elderly patients with ischemic stroke.Methods:A computerized search was conducted on various guideline websites and databases for clinical decisions, best practices, guidelines, evidence summaries, systematic reviews, and expert consensuses regarding the prevention of unplanned readmission in elderly patients with ischemic stroke. The search period was from the establishment of the databases to August 31, 2024. The literature quality evaluation criteria of the Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence-Based Health Care Centre and so on were used to evaluate the quality of different types of studies.Results:A total of 25 articles were included, consisting of one clinical decision, nine guidelines, six evidence summaries, eight systematic reviews, and one expert consensus. Evidence was integrated from two themes: discharge planning services (including five dimensions: principles, preliminary assessment, comprehensive assessment, plan formulation and implementation, tracking and evaluation) and early functional rehabilitation (including four dimensions: rehabilitation time, rehabilitation plan, rehabilitation intensity, and functional rehabilitation) , forming 39 pieces of best evidence.Conclusions:This study provides an evidence-based basis for the clinical nursing practice of preventing unplanned readmission in elderly patients with ischemic stroke. Evidence users need to select the best evidence according to the clinical reality to promote the smooth transition of patients and reduce the readmission rate.

Objective:To investigate the current status of physical function decline among community-dwelling elderly in Beijing and analyze its influencing factors.Methods:A convenience sampling method was used to select elderly individuals from Fangzhuang Community in Fengtai District and Donghuashi Community in Dongcheng District, Beijing, between February and July 2023. Data were collected using a general information questionnaire, lifestyle behavior survey, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). Binary Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors influencing physical function decline.Results:A total of 2 434 questionnaires were distributed, with 2 060 valid responses, yielding an effective response rate of 84.6%. Among the 2 060 community-dwelling elderly, 1 273 exhibited physical function decline. Logistic regression analysis revealed that age, history of stroke, alcohol consumption, annual physical examinations, social participation frequency, and cognitive impairment were significant factors influencing physical function decline among community-dwelling elderly ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Physical function decline is prevalent among community-dwelling elderly in Beijing. Regular physical examinations, active social participation, early rehabilitation of stroke, and early screening and intervention for cognitive impairment can help slow the progression of physical function decline.

Objective:Based on the health ecological model, this study aimed to identify the influencing factors of cognitive function in older patients with common cardiovascular diseases in China, providing insights for the prevention of cognitive impairment in this population.Methods:A multi-stage sampling method was used to recruit 9 833 older patients with common cardiovascular diseases from ten ClassⅢ Grade A hospitals located in North China, East China, Central-South China, Southwest China, and Northwest China between January and December 2023. General information and cognitive status were assessed using a self-designed Ceneral Information Questionnaire and the Mini-mental State Examination. Binary Logistic regression was applied to explore factors influencing cognitive function.Results:Among the 9 833 patients, 2 394 (24.3%, 2 394/9 833) were identified with cognitive impairment. Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that intrapersonal level (gender, age, physical function, history of stroke, and history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), behavioral level (social activity participation and regular exercise), interpersonal network level (marital status and self-reported social support), and living and working conditions level (educational level, per capita monthly household income, and type of residence area) were the influencing factors of cognitive function ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Cognitive function in older adults with cardiovascular diseases is suboptimal and influenced by multi-level and multidimensional factors. Healthcare providers should focus on monitoring high-risk individuals and promoting social participation and regular physical activity among this population.

Objective:To explore the current status and factors influencing physical activity among pre-frail and frail older adults in the community.Methods:Convenience sampling was used to select 207 pre-frail and frail older adults from Donghuashi community and Fangzhuang community in Beijing from April to June 2024 as study subjects. Older adults were surveyed for their general information, lifestyle behaviors, nutritional status, and physical activity. Binary Logistic regression was used to explore the factors influencing the level of physical activity among pre-frail and frail older adults in the community.Results:A total of 207 questionnaires were distributed and 204 valid questionnaires were recovered, with a valid recovery rate of 98.55%. The Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly score of the 204 community-based pre-frail and frail older adults was 86.87 (52.14, 125.00), and the form of activity was predominantly walking (98.5%, 201/204) and light domestic physical activity (85.8%, 175/204). Binary Logistic regression showed that taking a nap ( OR=3.614), abnormal nighttime sleep duration ( OR=4.077), fear of falling before or during exercise ( OR=7.895), and risk of malnutrition ( OR=9.263) were risk factors for levels of physical activity in pre-frail and frail older adults in the community ( P<0.05), and good exercise cognition ( OR=0.055) was a protective factor for physical activity levels ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Pre-frail and frail older adults in the community have low levels of physical activity, which is dominated by walking and household activities. Community healthcare workers should strengthen the management of physical activity for pre-frail and frail older adults, cultivate their good living habits, improve their sleep quality, ensure sufficient night sleep, help them overcome the fear of falling before or during exercise, set up the correct concept of exercise, form a good cognition of exercise, and guide their family members to pay attention to the nutritional status of older adults, beware of the risk of malnutrition, and improve the level of physical activity to delay or even reverse the frail state.

Objective:To evaluate and integrate the evidence related to the prevention of unplanned readmission in elderly patients with ischemic stroke.Methods:A computerized search was conducted on various guideline websites and databases for clinical decisions, best practices, guidelines, evidence summaries, systematic reviews, and expert consensuses regarding the prevention of unplanned readmission in elderly patients with ischemic stroke. The search period was from the establishment of the databases to August 31, 2024. The literature quality evaluation criteria of the Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence-Based Health Care Centre and so on were used to evaluate the quality of different types of studies.Results:A total of 25 articles were included, consisting of one clinical decision, nine guidelines, six evidence summaries, eight systematic reviews, and one expert consensus. Evidence was integrated from two themes: discharge planning services (including five dimensions: principles, preliminary assessment, comprehensive assessment, plan formulation and implementation, tracking and evaluation) and early functional rehabilitation (including four dimensions: rehabilitation time, rehabilitation plan, rehabilitation intensity, and functional rehabilitation) , forming 39 pieces of best evidence.Conclusions:This study provides an evidence-based basis for the clinical nursing practice of preventing unplanned readmission in elderly patients with ischemic stroke. Evidence users need to select the best evidence according to the clinical reality to promote the smooth transition of patients and reduce the readmission rate.

Objective:To investigate the current status of physical function decline among community-dwelling elderly in Beijing and analyze its influencing factors.Methods:A convenience sampling method was used to select elderly individuals from Fangzhuang Community in Fengtai District and Donghuashi Community in Dongcheng District, Beijing, between February and July 2023. Data were collected using a general information questionnaire, lifestyle behavior survey, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). Binary Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors influencing physical function decline.Results:A total of 2 434 questionnaires were distributed, with 2 060 valid responses, yielding an effective response rate of 84.6%. Among the 2 060 community-dwelling elderly, 1 273 exhibited physical function decline. Logistic regression analysis revealed that age, history of stroke, alcohol consumption, annual physical examinations, social participation frequency, and cognitive impairment were significant factors influencing physical function decline among community-dwelling elderly ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Physical function decline is prevalent among community-dwelling elderly in Beijing. Regular physical examinations, active social participation, early rehabilitation of stroke, and early screening and intervention for cognitive impairment can help slow the progression of physical function decline.

Objective:Based on the health ecological model, this study aimed to identify the influencing factors of cognitive function in older patients with common cardiovascular diseases in China, providing insights for the prevention of cognitive impairment in this population.Methods:A multi-stage sampling method was used to recruit 9 833 older patients with common cardiovascular diseases from ten ClassⅢ Grade A hospitals located in North China, East China, Central-South China, Southwest China, and Northwest China between January and December 2023. General information and cognitive status were assessed using a self-designed Ceneral Information Questionnaire and the Mini-mental State Examination. Binary Logistic regression was applied to explore factors influencing cognitive function.Results:Among the 9 833 patients, 2 394 (24.3%, 2 394/9 833) were identified with cognitive impairment. Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that intrapersonal level (gender, age, physical function, history of stroke, and history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), behavioral level (social activity participation and regular exercise), interpersonal network level (marital status and self-reported social support), and living and working conditions level (educational level, per capita monthly household income, and type of residence area) were the influencing factors of cognitive function ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Cognitive function in older adults with cardiovascular diseases is suboptimal and influenced by multi-level and multidimensional factors. Healthcare providers should focus on monitoring high-risk individuals and promoting social participation and regular physical activity among this population.