OBJECTIVE To observe the etiological characteristics,serum C-reactive protein(CRP),interleukin-10(IL-10),procalcitonin(PCT)and treatment outcomes of the children with pneumonia.METHODS A total of 350 children with pneumonia who were treated in Jinhua People's Hospital from Sep.2021 to Sep.2023 and 30 healthy children matched with age and gender who received physical examination were recruited as the research subjects.The etiological characteristics,serum CRP,IL-6,PCT and treatment outcomes of the children with pneumonia were observed.RESULTS The etiological isolation rate was 74.00％(259/350)among the 350 children,the chil-dren who had viral infection accounted for 39.38％,the children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)infection 32.82％,the children with bacterial infection 20.08％,the children with mixed infections 7.72％.The viral infec-tion was prevalent in winter and was more common among the children aged between 1 and 3 years old;Myco-plasma pneumoniae infection was more common among the children aged between 3 and 6 years old.The CRP levels of the viral infection group,the bacterial infection group,the M.pneumoniae infcection group and the mixed infection group were(10.53±1.54),(38.11±9.32),(21.07±6.55)and(33.33±8.11)mg/L,respectively,higher than those of the healthy children and the children negative for etiological test.The PCT levels of the viral infection group,the bacterial infection group,the M.pneumoniae infcection group and the mixed infection group were(0.61±0.17),(2.84±0.51),(1.35±0.31)and(2.41±0.46)ng/ml,respectively,higher than those of the healthy children and the children negative for etiological test.The IL-10 levels of the viral infection group,the bacterial infection group,the M.pneumoniae infcection group and the mixed infection group were(23.47±5.12),(26.45±7.15),(25.45±5.03)and(25.29±6.05)pg/ml,respectively,higher than those of the healthy children and the children negative for etiological test(P＜0.05).The levels of CRP and PCT of the bacterial infection group and the mixed infection group were higher than those of the M.pneumoniae infcection group,and the level of above indexes of the M.pneumoniae infcection group were higher than those of the viral infection group(P＜0.05).Among 259 children who were confirmed positive for etiological test,237 had favorable treatment out-comes,and 22 had poor treatment outcomes.The rate of poor treatment outcomes of the children with viral infec-tion was higher than that of the children with M.pneumoniae infcection(x2=5.930,P=0.015);the rate of poor treatment outcomes of the children with mixed infection was higher than that of the children with M.pneumoniae infcection(x2=9.954,P＜0.001).CONCLUSIONS The children with viral infection are dominant among the children with pneumonia,followed by the children with M.pneumoniae infcection.The rate of poor treatment outcomes of the children with viral infection or mixed infection is relatively high,the children with M.pneumoniae infcection generally have favorable treatment outcomes.The children with viral infection have slight increases of peripheral blood CRP and PCT,while the children with bacterial infection and mixed infection have a remarkable rise.

OBJECTIVE To observe the etiological characteristics,serum C-reactive protein(CRP),interleukin-10(IL-10),procalcitonin(PCT)and treatment outcomes of the children with pneumonia.METHODS A total of 350 children with pneumonia who were treated in Jinhua People's Hospital from Sep.2021 to Sep.2023 and 30 healthy children matched with age and gender who received physical examination were recruited as the research subjects.The etiological characteristics,serum CRP,IL-6,PCT and treatment outcomes of the children with pneumonia were observed.RESULTS The etiological isolation rate was 74.00％(259/350)among the 350 children,the chil-dren who had viral infection accounted for 39.38％,the children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)infection 32.82％,the children with bacterial infection 20.08％,the children with mixed infections 7.72％.The viral infec-tion was prevalent in winter and was more common among the children aged between 1 and 3 years old;Myco-plasma pneumoniae infection was more common among the children aged between 3 and 6 years old.The CRP levels of the viral infection group,the bacterial infection group,the M.pneumoniae infcection group and the mixed infection group were(10.53±1.54),(38.11±9.32),(21.07±6.55)and(33.33±8.11)mg/L,respectively,higher than those of the healthy children and the children negative for etiological test.The PCT levels of the viral infection group,the bacterial infection group,the M.pneumoniae infcection group and the mixed infection group were(0.61±0.17),(2.84±0.51),(1.35±0.31)and(2.41±0.46)ng/ml,respectively,higher than those of the healthy children and the children negative for etiological test.The IL-10 levels of the viral infection group,the bacterial infection group,the M.pneumoniae infcection group and the mixed infection group were(23.47±5.12),(26.45±7.15),(25.45±5.03)and(25.29±6.05)pg/ml,respectively,higher than those of the healthy children and the children negative for etiological test(P＜0.05).The levels of CRP and PCT of the bacterial infection group and the mixed infection group were higher than those of the M.pneumoniae infcection group,and the level of above indexes of the M.pneumoniae infcection group were higher than those of the viral infection group(P＜0.05).Among 259 children who were confirmed positive for etiological test,237 had favorable treatment out-comes,and 22 had poor treatment outcomes.The rate of poor treatment outcomes of the children with viral infec-tion was higher than that of the children with M.pneumoniae infcection(x2=5.930,P=0.015);the rate of poor treatment outcomes of the children with mixed infection was higher than that of the children with M.pneumoniae infcection(x2=9.954,P＜0.001).CONCLUSIONS The children with viral infection are dominant among the children with pneumonia,followed by the children with M.pneumoniae infcection.The rate of poor treatment outcomes of the children with viral infection or mixed infection is relatively high,the children with M.pneumoniae infcection generally have favorable treatment outcomes.The children with viral infection have slight increases of peripheral blood CRP and PCT,while the children with bacterial infection and mixed infection have a remarkable rise.

Objective: To explore the mediation mechanism of coronary artery lesion among both male and female Kawasaki disease (KD) children. Methods: Children with KD that hospitalized in the Wenzhou Medical University affiliated Yuying Children’s Hospital from January 2009 to December 2014, were included in this study. Differences on demographical characteristics, clinical manifestations, laboratory indicators, regimen and time of treatment, results from pre/post echocardiography and treatment between male and female patients, were compared. The independent effect of gender on the risk of coronary artery lesions (CAL) was evaluated, and the mediating effect of BMI, visiting time and KD type on the association between gender and CAL were also studied. Results: The average BMI level of male patients was higher than that of female patients. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). The prevalence of overweight among male patients (20.9%) was higher than female (14.1%). The difference was statistically significant (P=0.011). Data from the multivariate logistic regression analysis confirmed that the incidence of CAL in male patients was higher than that in female patients (aOR=1.50, 95%CI: 1.06-2.12) but the CAL was mainly different before on the immunoglobulin therapy. Results from the mediation analysis showed that BMI was an important mediator in the association between gender and CAL, with the indirect effect as 1.05 (95%CI: 1.01- 1.10) and the proportion mediated as 13.0%. Conclusions Male patients presented higher incidence of CAL but was mainly reflected in the difference of CAL before the treatment. BMI was probably an important mediator related to the association between gender and CAL.

Objective: To investigate the effect of hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy (HDCP) on the mortality and early complications of premature infants. Methods: The general clinical data of preterm infants with gestational age 24-36^{+ 6} weeks were collected from the cooperative units in the task group from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2014.According to the severity of HDCP, the infants were divided into 4 groups: HDCP group, preeclampsia group, eclampsia group and non HDCP group, the mortality and major complications of preterm infants were compared, and the influencing factors were analyzed. Results: The mortality rate of preterm in the HDCP group was significantly higher than that of non HDCP group, and there was statistical significance (χ²=9.970, P=0.019). Eclampsia had a highest fatality rate (4.8%) in the early stage, compared with non HDCP group (2.2%), and the difference was statistically significant.Comparison of HDCP group (1.8%) and eclampsia group (3.2%) suggested that there was no statistically significant difference.The incidence of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in preterm in HDCP group was significantly higher than that of non HDCP group, and there was statistical significance (χ²=13.241, P=0.004). Eclampsia group showed the highest incidence (35.4%), compared with non HDCP group (16.2%), the difference was statistically significant, but compared with HDCP group (19.9%), preeclampsia group (17.1%), there was no significant diffe-rence.The incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm in HDCP group was significantly higher than that of non HDCP group (χ²=9.592, P=0.022), the highest incidence showed up in eclampsia group (9.7%), compared with non HDCP group (2.0%) and HDCP group (1.7%), the difference was statistically significant.But there was no statistically significant difference, compared with preeclampsia group.As the degree of HDCP aggravated, the incidence of BPD gradually rose.There was no significant impact on necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and sepsis of HDCP (χ²=7.054, 7.214, 0.358, 3.852; P=0.070, 0.065, 0.949, 0.278). Considering the overall outcome of the child, that was, whether the child died or survived, he had at least one complication, and HDCP had an effect on it (χ²=15.697, P=0.001), so the incidence increased while the degree of HDCP rose gradually.After adjusting gestational age, birth weight, sex, way of delivery, placental abruption and front placenta, prenatal hormonal, gestational diabetes, neonatal asphyxia and other factors, the results displayed that HDCP was the factor leading to the death of premature baby (OR=2.159, 95%CI: 1.093-4.266), and comparison between preeclampsia and eclampsia showed no statistical difference (P=0.714, 0.389); HDCP had no significant influence on RDS, BDP, ICH, NEC, ROP and sepsis. Conclusions HDCP leads to increased risk of premature death, but also leads to the increased incidence of RDS and BPD, but it had no obvious effect on NEC, ROP, IVH, sepsis and other complications.

Objective To study the expression of plasma oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) in children with acute phase Kawasaki disease (KD), and investigate its value for early prediction of coronary artery lesions in KD. Methods Totally 80 children with KD were collected. Children were divided into four groups by the results of echocardiogram of coronary artery in different periods: CAL1 group (children with coronary artery lesions (CAL+) both in acute and sub-acute phase, 8 cases), CAL2 group (children with CAL+in acute phase but recovery normal (CAL-) in sub-acute phase, 10 cases), NCAL1 group (children with CAL-in acute phase but occur CAL+ in sub-acute phase, 10 cases) and NCAL2 group (children with CAL- both in acute and sub-acute phase, 52 cases). The serum samples (before the use of intravenous immunoglobulin) were collected in acute phase. Twenty healthy controls and twenty fever controls were enrolled into the study, and their serum samples were collected. OxLDL was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). They were compared using ANOVA, pairwise comparison LSD-t test. And ROC curve analysis was used to determine the threshold. Results Compared with the control groups,plasma oxLDL levels were higher in children with KD, both CA+and CAL-[(15.0±3.3) mU/L, (12.3±3.5) mU/L vs (9.2±2.2) mU/L, (8.0±2.3) mU/L, F=20.435, P<0.05]. Plasma oxLDL levels were increased more significantly in children with CAL+ than children with CAL- in KD [(15.0 ±3.3) mU/L vs (12.3 ±3.5) mU/L, t=2.28, P=0.002]. There was significant difference in the concentration of oxLDL between the groups of Kawasaki disease (F=5.068, P=0.003). Plasma oxLDL levels were significantly higher in the NCAL1 group than those in the NCAL2 group [(14.5 ±3.8) mU/L vs (11.9±3.3) mU/L, t=2.29, P=0.02], but there were no statistically significant difference between the NCAL1 group and CAL1 or CAL2 group [(14.5±3.8) mU/L vs (15.9±3.9) mU/L, (14.5±3.8) mU/L vs (14.2±2.7) mU/L, t=0.73, 0.20;P=0.41, 0.84]. ROCs analysis indicated that oxLDL≥13.83 mU/L, could be the threshold for the prediction of coronary artery lesions with the sensitivity of 0.607 and a specificity of 0.75. Conclusion OxLDL plays an important role in coronary artery lesions in KD. The coronary endothelial dysfunction is earlier than coronary dilatation, and oxLDL is expected to become a reliable early predictor of coronary artery lesions in KD.

Objective To observe the changes of the function of vascular endothelial secretion, levels of OX-LDL and body-weight of obese children after exercise intervention. Methods Thirty children with obesity at the age of 8 to 14 years and 30 normal children were enrolled in this experiment. The obese children (exercise group) received a session of 1 hour's exercise each day, 5 days a week for 8 weeks. The levels of ET, 6-K-PGF1?,NO, OX-LDL and body-weight were then measured and compared with that of their pre-exercise state and that of the normal children (control group). Results The levels of ET and OX-LDL were increased, while the levels of NO and 6-K-PGF1? were decreased in the obese children in comparison with the normal controls, the difference was statistically significant ( P