Objective To develop a novel drainage catheter based on the anatomical structure of the mammary duct and establish a non-invasive treatment protocol for patients with acute high-tension breast milk cyst during lactation.Methods Ten primiparous patients with acute high-tension breast milk cyst during lactation,admitted to the postpartum clinics of three hospitals,were enrolled as study subjects.A novel drainage catheter was prepared using an epidural anesthesia catheter,and intubation was performed to unblock the obstructed mammary ducts.For cases with intubation failure,puncture as-piration was employed.Local cold compresses were applied to the breasts after treatment.Results Out of 10 patients,6 were successfully unblocked(successful group),and 4 failed(failure group).The duration of illness in the successful group was(6.00±0.82)days,which was shorter than that in the failure group[(9.50±1.80)days](P＜0.05).The insertion depth of the catheter in the successful group was(6.42±0.67)cm,which was greater than that in the failure group[(4.00±0.71)cm](P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in cyst diameter between the two groups(P＞0.05).For patients in whom unblocking failed,puncture aspiration was performed,and 3 of them experienced recurrence after the initial puncture.Ultrasound-guided re-puncture aspiration and weaning were performed.One patient with evident inflammatory symptoms was administered systemic antibiotic therapy.After treatment,7 patients resumed lactation,and follow-up results indicated that all 10 patients were cured.Conclusion Acute high-tension breast milk cyst during lactation is rela-tively rare in clinical practice.The novel drainage catheter can achieve non-invasive unblocking of distally obstructed mammary ducts in the lactiferous sinus.The comprehensive treatment protocol can improve the overall cure rate and result in a high rate of resumed lactation post-treatment.

Diabetic kidney disease(DKD)is one of the most serious microvascular complications of diabetes and a common cause of end-stage renal disease.Early kidney injury lacks typical clinical symptoms and its onset is insidiously.The common clinical indicators of kidney injury are urine microalbumin,glomerular filtration rate,etc.Due to their lack of sensitivity and specificity,it is easy to cause missed diagnosis,misdiagnosis,and delay the disease.Therefore,it is of great significance to find more convenient,stable,and less invasive detection indicators for the early diagnosis of DKD.This paper reviews the research progress of biological indicators related to glomerular and tubular injury,oxidative stress,inflammatory response,microRNA and proteomics,which provides a certain reference value for the early diagnosis of clinical DKD.

This study aims to investigate the function of lmo2363 gene in stress resistance of Liste-ria monocytogenes strain LM83-1.In this study,the lmo2363 gene deletion strain and complement-ation strain of Listeria monocytogenes were constructed using overlapping extended PCR and ho-mologous recombination techniques,and the growth ability,stress survival rate and biofilm forma-tion ability of wild,deletion strain and complementation strain were compared under different stress environments.lmo2363 gene deletion strain and complementation strain of Listeria monocy-togenes were successfully constructed in this experiment.The growth curves showed that the growth capacity of the deletion strain was weaker than the wild strain LM83-1 under 4 ℃,7％NaCl,10％NaCl,3.5％ethanol,4.0％ethanol and pH5 stress(P＜0.001).The results of stress survival test showed that the survival rate of the deletion strain was significantly lower than the wild strain after 1 h treatment with pH3 and 10 mmol/L H2 O2 stress(P＜0.010).The biofilm forming ability of the deletion strain was decreased compared with that of the wild strain(P＜0.050).This study confirmed that lmo2363 gene mediated the adaptation of LM to low temperature,high osmotic pressure,ethanol and acid stress environment and affected the formation of LM bio-film.This study laid a foundation for further exploring the function of lmo2363 gene in the stress resistance process of Listeria monocytogenes.

Objective:To investigate the quality of life(QOL)of patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis(MHD)in blood purification centers of three hospitals in Shenyang,and analyze its influencing factors,so as to provide reference for improving QOL of MHD patients.Methods:A total of 343 patients undergoing MHD from Mar to Oct,2021 were included,and their general data,laboratory indicators,hemodialysis indicators,etc.were collected.QOL of patients was evaluated by KDQOL-SFTM1.3 scale(SF-36 score and KDTA score).Multivariable linear regression analysis was used to analyze the factors affecting their QOL.Results:The scores of SF-36 and KDTA in MHD patients were 51.22±19.50 and 60.43±14.50,respectively.Age,marital status,family per capita monthly income,vascular access,monocyte count,blood phosphorus and serum albumin were independent influencing factors of SF-36 score(P＜0.05).And age,education level,family per capita monthly income and serum creatinine were independent influencing factors of KDTA score(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Comprehensive intervention of influencing factors should be paid more attention to improve the QOL of MHD patients.

Objective:To investigate the distribution of uric acid in different occupation, age and gender groups, and changes of prevalence of hyperuricemia (HUA) and its influencing factors in healthy adults who receiving physical examination in Nanjing.Methods:The study was conducted in 107 478 subjects who received physical examination from 2012 to 2016. The prevalence of HUA in different genders and different years was compared. Subjects were divided into non-HUA and HUA groups according to serum uric acid. The differences in metabolic indicators and ages between two groups were analyzed. Uric acid levels among different occupations were evaluated. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the odds ratios ( OR) of HUA. Results:The total HUA prevalence was 14.9%, in which the prevalence of HUA in men was significantly higher than that in women [20.5%(15217/74339)vs .2.5%(818/33139), P<0.01]. The prevalence of HUA in men sustained at a high level, while that in women trended to decrease during the five years. The prevalence of HUA increased with age in women (1.0%, 0.7%, 0.9%, 2.7%, 3.8% and 9.6% in subjects within 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60-69 and ≥70 age groups, respectively, Pfor trend<0.01). The percentages of hypertension, hyperlipidemia and diabetes, and body mass index (BMI) in both men and women were significantly higher in HUA group than those in non-HUA group ( P≤0.01). Among all occupations, subjects in health care had the lowest levels of uric acid (298±91 μmol/L) and prevalence of HUA (10.4%), while, those in public security had the highest levels of uric acid [(342±82) μmol/L] and prevalence (16.5%). Multiple logistic regression analyses revealed that males, high triacylglycerol, high cholesterol, obesity and certain occupation were significantly associated with HUA. Conclusions:The prevalence of HUA in men is significantly higher than that in women. It increased with ages in women. Subjects in health occupations had the lowest levels of uric acid and HUA prevalence, while, those in public security had the highest levels among the six occupations. Obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, occupations and males are positively associated with HUA.

Objective: To study the specific killing effect of CD4 membrane protein targeted chimeric antigen receptor modified T (CAR-T) cell. Methods: The second generation CD4 targeted chimeric antigen receptor containing 4-1BB costimulation domain was insert into lentiviral vector through recombinant DNA technology. Lentivirus was prepared and packaged by 293T cells with four plasmids. Beads activated T cells were transduced with lentivirus and the transduction efficiency was checked with Protein L and flow cytometry. T cell subsets and IFN-γ concentrations were detected with probe-tagged antibody and cytometric bead assay. Results: ①The transduction efficiency of activated T cells with prepared lentivirus were 50.0%-70.0%. A subset of CD8⁺ T cell acquired dim expression of CD4 membrane protein after activation. CD4⁺T cell and CD8⁺CD4^dim T cell were gradually killed by CD4 targeted CAR-T post lentivirus transduction. ②The kill efficacy of CD4 targeted CAR-T cell and control T cell toward KARPAS 299 T cell at an E∶T ratio of 8∶1 for 24 h was (96.9±2.1)% and (11.2±3.1)%, CAR-T cell has a higher killing efficacy than control T cell (t=7.137, P=0.028). The IFN-γ concentrations in culture supernatant of CAR-T cell with K562-CD4 cell, CAR-T cell with K562 cell and CAR-T cell alone were (15 648±2 168), (1 978±354) and (1 785±268) pg/ml, CAR-T cell cocultured with K562-CD4 cell produced more IFN-γ than the other two controls (P<0.01). Conclusions CD4 targeted CAR-T has an immunophenotype of CD8⁺CD4^-T cell. CD4 targeted CAR-T cell has killing efficacy toward normal CD4⁺T cell and CD4⁺T lymphoma cell. CD4 targeted CAR-T cell also has a killing efficacy toward CD4^dim target cell.

Although widely studied, the natural diversity of the hard tick is not well known. In this study, we collected 194 sequences from 67 species, covering 7 genera of hard tick. The 5′ region of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 region (586 bp) has been used to investigate intra- and inter-species variation and the phylogenetic tree of neighbor joining method has been used for assessment. As a result, by comparing the K2P-distance of intra- and interspecies, 30 samples (15.2%) shown that interspecies distance was larger than the minimum interspecfic distance. From the phylogenetic analysis, 86.8% (49) of the species were identified correctly at the genus level. On deeper analysis on these species suggested the possibility of presence cryptic species. Therefore, further work is required to delineate species boundaries and to develop a more complete understanding of hard tick diversity over larger scale.
Cytochromes c ; Cytochromes ; Electron Transport Complex IV ; Ixodidae ; Methods ; Trees