ObjectiveTo analyze the infection status of main respiratory pathogens in influenza-like illness (ILI) cases in Anji County, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province, and to provide a reference for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of respiratory infections. MethodsThroat swab samples were collected from 520 ILI cases in an influenza sentinel surveillance hospital in Anji County of Zhejiang Province from December 2023 to November 2024. Multiplex real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (mRT-PCR) was used to detect 18 pathogens and their subtypes, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), influenza A virus (Flu A), influenza A (H1N1) virus, influenza A (H3N2) virus, influenza B virus (Flu B), influenza B virus Victoria lineage (BV), influenza B virus Yamagata lineage (BY), coronavirus (CoV), human parainfluenza virus (HPIV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), adenovirus (ADV), human bocavirus (HBoV), enterovirus (EV), rhinovirus (RV), Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP), Chlamydia pneumoniae (CP), and Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP). ResultsThe overall positivity rate of pathogens in 520 samples was 33.65%, among which the detection rates of Flu (9.14%), ADV (7.50%), SARS-CoV-2 (6.15%), and EV (3.65%) were relatively high. There were statistically significant differences in the overall positivity rate of pathogens by age and season (all P<0.05). The highest overall positivity rate was observed in the 5‒14 years old group (42.77%), and the overall positivity rate in winter (53.08%) was significantly higher than that in other seasons. ConclusionFrom 2023 to 2024, the main respiratory pathogens detected in ILI cases in Anji County were Flu, ADV, SARS-CoV-2, and EV. The epidemic characteristics showed age and seasonal specificity, so it is necessary to strengthen prevention and control for high-risk populations and epidemic seasons in a targeted manner.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the role of the BNIP3-PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in mediating the inhibitory effect of Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BYHWT) on mitochondrial autophagy in human synovial fibroblasts from rheumatoid arthritis patients (FLS-RA) cultured under a hypoxic condition. METHODS: Forty normal Wistar rats were randomized into two groups (n=20) for daily gavage of BYHWT or distilled water for 7 days to prepare BYHWT-medicated or control sera. FLS-RA were cultured in routine condition or exposed to hypoxia (10% O₂) for 24 h wigh subsequent treatment with IL-1β, followed by treatment with diluted BYHWT-medicated serum (5%, 10% and 20%) or control serum. AnnexinV-APC/7-AAD double staining and T-AOC kit were used for detecting apoptosis and total antioxidant capacity of the cells, and the changes in ROS, ATP level, mitochondrial membrane potential and Ca²⁺ homeostasis were analyzed. The changes in mRNA and protein expressions of BNIP3, PI3K and AKT and mRNA expressions of LC3, Beclin-1 and P62 were detected using RT-qPCR and Western blotting. RESULTS: Treatment with BYHWT-medicated serum dose-dependently lowered apoptosis rate of IL-1β-induced FLS-RA with hypoxic exposure. The treatment significantly decreased T-AOC concentration, increased ROS production, autophagosome formation and ATPase levels, and lowered mitochondrial membrane potential and Ca²⁺ level in the cells. In IL-1β-induced FLS-RA with hypoxic exposure, treatment with BYHWT-medicated serum significantly increased BNIP3 protein expression, decreased the protein expressions of PI3K and AKT, increased the mRNA expressions of BNIP3 and P62, and lowered the mRNA expressions of PI3K, AKT, LC3 and Beclin-1 without significantly affecting Beclin-1 protein expression. The cells treated with 5% and 10% BYHWT-medicated serum showed no significant changes in LC3 expression. CONCLUSIONS BYHWT inhibits mitochondrial autophagy in IL-1β-induced FLS-RA with hypoxic exposure possibly by inhibiting BNIP3-mediated PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology* ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/pathology* ; Animals ; Signal Transduction/drug effects* ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism* ; Autophagy/drug effects* ; Humans ; Fibroblasts/cytology* ; Rats, Wistar ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism* ; Rats ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism* ; Mitochondria/metabolism* ; Cells, Cultured ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/metabolism* ; Apoptosis/drug effects* ; Cell Hypoxia ; Synovial Membrane/cytology* ; Male ; Mitochondrial Proteins

Objective To investigate the role of the BNIP3-PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in mediating the inhibitory effect of Buyang Huanwu Decoction(BYHWT)on mitochondrial autophagy in human synovial fibroblasts from rheumatoid arthritis patients(FLS-RA)cultured under a hypoxic condition.Methods Forty normal Wistar rats were randomized into two groups(n=20)for daily gavage of BYHWT or distilled water for 7 days to prepare BYHWT-medicated or control sera.FLS-RA were cultured in routine condition or exposed to hypoxia(10％O2)for 24 h wigh subsequent treatment with IL-1β,followed by treatment with diluted BYHWT-medicated serum(5％,10％and 20％)or control serum.AnnexinV-APC/7-AAD double staining and T-AOC kit were used for detecting apoptosis and total antioxidant capacity of the cells,and the changes in ROS,ATP level,mitochondrial membrane potential and Ca2+homeostasis were analyzed.The changes in mRNA and protein expressions of BNIP3,PI3K and AKT and mRNA expressions of LC3,Beclin-1 and P62 were detected using RT-qPCR and Western blotting.Results Treatment with BYHWT-medicated serum dose-dependently lowered apoptosis rate of IL-1β-induced FLS-RA with hypoxic exposure.The treatment significantly decreased T-AOC concentration,increased ROS production,autophagosome formation and ATPase levels,and lowered mitochondrial membrane potential and Ca2+level in the cells.In IL-1β-induced FLS-RA with hypoxic exposure,treatment with BYHWT-medicated serum significantly increased BNIP3 protein expression,decreased the protein expressions of PI3K and AKT,increased the mRNA expressions of BNIP3 and P62,and lowered the mRNA expressions of PI3K,AKT,LC3 and Beclin-1 without significantly affecting Beclin-1 protein expression.The cells treated with 5％and 10％BYHWT-medicated serum showed no significant changes in LC3 expression.Conclusion BYHWT inhibits mitochondrial autophagy in IL-1β-induced FLS-RA with hypoxic exposure possibly by inhibiting BNIP3-mediated PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Objective:To explore the genetic characteristics of a child with 18q terminal deletion syndrome.Methods:Clinical data of a child presented at the Lianyungang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital on July 20, 2023 was collected. Peripheral blood sample from the child was subjected to G-banded chromosomal karyotyping and chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA). Relevant literature was searched from CNKI, WanFang and PubMed databases over the past decade (from November 1, 2013 to November 1, 2023) using keywords including "18q-syndrome", "18q deletion syndrome" and "18q terminal deletion". This study was approved by Medical Ethics Committee of the Lianyungang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital (Ethics No. LYG-MER2021017).Results:The child, a 4-year-and-6-month-old female, had manifested short stature, intellectual disability, distinctive facial features, aortic regurgitation, auditory canal atresia, and white matter lesions. She was found to have a karyotype of 46, XX, del(18)(q21), whilst the result of CMA was arr[GRCh37]18q21.33q23(60065821_77317445)×1. Both of her parents were found to have a normal karyotype. Literature review has retrieved 7 reports which involved 11 cases with a terminal 18q23 deletion. The phenotypes of cardiac abnormalities have been diverse, with pulmonary stenosis, atrial septal defect and ventricular septal defect being most common.Conclusion:The 18q terminal deletion probably underlay the multiple congenital anomalies and mental retardation in this child.

Objective To investigate the correlation between the concentration of air pollutants (PM₁₀, SO₂, NO₂) and the number of outpatient and emergency visits for pediatric respiratory diseases in a general hospital in Shanghai. Methods Data including pediatric respiratory disease outpatient and emergency visits in a hospital in Pudong New Area of Shanghai from May 1, 2013 to March 20, 2022 were collected. Daily concentration of air pollutants including PM₁₀, SO₂ and NO₂ and meteorological data in Pudong New Area during the same period were collected. A case-crossover study with distributed lag non-linear model was conducted to explore the correlation between air pollutants (PM₁₀, SO₂, NO₂) and the number of outpatient and emergency visits for pediatric respiratory diseases. Results The concentrations of PM₁₀, SO₂ and NO₂ were positively with the number of outpatient and emergency visits for pediatric respiratory diseases. The strongest cumulative effect was observed on six days lag (Lag0-5) for PM₁₀. For a 10 μg/m³ increase of the concentrations of PM₁₀, the corresponding increase of cumulative pediatric respiratory disease outpatients was 1.10% (95%CI:0.97%, 1.23%) in Lag0-5. The strongest cumulative effect was observed on eight days lag (Lag0-7) for SO₂ and NO₂. For a 10 μg /m³ increase of the concentrations of SO₂ and NO₂, the corresponding increase of cumulative pediatric respiratory disease outpatients was 5.64% (95%CI:5.16%, 6.13%) and 5.41% (95%CI:5.15%, 5.66%) in Lag 0-7, respectively. The association of PM₁₀ and SO₂ with the number of pediatric respiratory disease visits in males was significantly stronger than that in females. The impact of PM₁₀ on the number of pediatric respiratory disease visits in children aged 0-6 was higher than that in children aged 7-14, while the impact of SO₂ and NO₂ on the number of pediatric respiratory disease visits in children aged 7-14 was higher than that in children aged 0-6. Conclusion The concentration of ambient PM₁₀, SO₂, and NO₂ is positively correlated with outpatient and emergency visits for pediatric respiratory diseases, with obvious lag and cumulative effect. Boys and children aged 0-6 are more susceptible to the hazard of air pollution.

OBJECTIVE To establish the characteristic chromatogram of the volatile oil in the standard decoction of Qingshang juantong decoction， and preliminarily infer the main active components of volatile oil that affect the clinical therapeutic effect. METHODS The volatile oil in the standard decoction of Qingshang juantong decoction was extracted by steam distillation. The ultra-high performance liquid chromatography （UPLC） characteristic chromatograms of 15 batches of samples were established by the Similarity Evaluation System of TCM Chromatographic Fingerprint （2012 edition）， and the similarity evaluation was carried out. The volatile oil of standard decoction was identified by UPLC coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry （UPLC-Q-TOF/MS）. Then the volatile oil components were analyzed by GC-MS. RESULTS The similarities of UPLC characteristic chromatograms for volatile oil of 15 batches of Qingshang juantong decoction were between 0.949 and 0.997. A total of 12 common peaks were obtained. According to the UPLC-Q-TOF/MS， the main components were methyl eugenol， E-ligustilide， E-butylidenephthalide and so on. A total of 23 components were identified by GC-MS， which were mainly 3，4，5-trimethoxy- methylbenzene， patchouli alcohol， Z-ligustilide and so on. CONCLUSIONS The characteristic chromatograms of the volatile oil in the standard decoction of Qingshang juantong decoction is established， and it is inferred that methyl eugenol， ligustilide， E- butylidenephthalide， patchouli alcohol， 3，4，5-trimethoxy-methylbenzene might be the main active components affecting the clinical therapeutic effect of the volatile oil of Qingshang juantong decoction.

Objective To prepare paclitaxel-natural borneol complex,and to explore the prescription and preparation process of paclitaxel-natural borneol complex drug-loaded submicroemulsion,and its in vitro anti-tumor effect.Methods The Paclitaxel-natural borneol complex was prepared by grinding method and identified by Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR)and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC).The compound drug-loaded submicroemulsion was prepared using a two-step high-pressure emulsification method.The single-factor investigation and the orthogonal experimental design were applied to optimize the formulation and preparation process.MTT assay,cell cloning assay,and cell scratch assay were used to evaluate the effect of this preparation on HCT-116 cells.Results The infrared spectral absorption peaks of taxol-natural borneol complex at 3 312.76 cm-1 and 3 513.92 cm-1 disappeared,and DSC analysis showed that a new absorption peak of taxol-natural borneol complex appeared at 154.56 ℃,indicating that taxol be coupled with natural borneol to form a new complex.The optimal prescription was 0.44％active pharmaceutical ingredient[paclitaxel-natural borneol(1∶3)],10％medium chain triglyceride,3％emulsifier[egg yolk lecithin-Poloxam 188(1∶2)],2％glycerol,0.3％oleate.The optimal process was emulsification at 80 ℃,60 MPa high pressure homogenization 10 times.The half inhibitory concentration(IC50)was 0.75 μg·mL-1 by MTT asssy in cell.In the cell cloning assay,the scratch healing area of blank control group,paclitaxel raw material and paclitaxel/natural borneol submicroemulsion were(36.44±3.35)％,(13.59±9.28)％,(8.30±4.09)％,respectively.The results were statistically significant(P＜0.05).In the plate cloning experiment,the cell cloning rates of blank control group,paclitaxel bulk drug group and submicroemulsion group were(37.92±0.729)％,(9.16±1.335)％and(3.36±1.065)％,respectively,the differents were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion This submicroemulsion has reasonable prescription,feasible process and good stability.Cell experiments showed that the submicronemulision effectively inhibits the proliferation and migration of HCT-116 cells,suggesting its potential as a promising antitumor agent.

Sarcopenia and physical deconditioning are common complications in patients with liver cancer,which are frequently caused by insufficient physical activity and poor nutritional status,resulting in physical frailty and a significant impact on the patient's physical fitness.Notably,sarcopenia,frailty,and poor cardiopulmonary endurance have all been linked to higher mortality rates among patients with liver cancer.Exercise intervention significantly improves various health parameters in liver cancer patients,including metabolic syndrome,muscle wasting,cardiorespiratory endurance,health-related quality of life,and reduction in hepatic venous pressure gradient.However,the link between physical exercise and liver cancer is commonly overlooked.In this article,we will examine the impact of exercise on liver cancer and present the most recent evidence on the best types of exercise for various stages of liver cancer.This article also summarizes and discusses the molecular mechanisms that control metabolism and systemic immune function in tumors.In brief,physical exercise should be considered an important intervention in the prevention and treatment of liver cancer and its complications.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of β-sitosterol on the function of rheumatoid arthritis （RA） fibroblastic synoviocytes MH7A cells and its mechanism. METHODS Network pharmacology was adopted to screen the targets of β-sitosterol and the targets for the treatment of RA. After the intersection of them， topological analysis was performed to find the most critical target in the treatment of RA. MH7A cells were treated with different concentrations （0， 5， 10， 20， 40 μmol/L） of β-sitosterol， and CCK-8 was used to assay cell viability for screening the optimal concentration of β-sitosterol. MH7A cells were induced by 10 ng/mL TNF-α in vitro and treated with β-sitosterol （the optimum concentration）. CCK-8 and EdU were used to detect the ability of cell proliferation. Scratch experiment and Transwell invasion assay were used to analyze cell migration and invasion. The levels of interleukin-1β （IL-1β） and IL-6 in cell supernatant were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The mRNA and protein expressions of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α （PPARα） were measured by qRT-PCR and Western blot， respectively. The siRNA targeting PPARα was transfected into MH7A cells， and the effects of β-sitosterol on cell proliferation， migration， invasion， the secretion of inflammatory factors and the expression of PPARα after PPARα knockdown were detected by the above experimental methods. RESULTS PPARα was the most critical target of β-sitosterol in the treatment of RA. The optimal concentration of β-sitosterol was 20 μmol/L. Compared with model group， β-sitosterol decreased the viability of MH7A cells， and the number of proliferating cells also decreased significantly （P＜0.05）； the cell migration rate and the number of cell invasion decreased significantly （P＜0.05）. The levels of IL-1β and IL-6 were also significantly decreased （P＜0.05）， and the mRNA 15 and protein expression levels of PPARα were significantly increased （P＜0.05）. Compared with negative control small interfering RNA group， after PPARα knockdown， the cell viability increased by about 35.6% （P＜0.05）， the number of cell proliferation， the cell migration rate and the number of cell invasion increased significantly （P＜0.05）， and the levels of IL-1β and IL-6 also increased significantly （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS β-sitosterol could effectively inhibit the proliferation， migration， invasion and secretion of inflammatory factors in MH7A cells， the mechanism of which may be associated with activating PPARα pathway.

Objective:To study the logistic regression model and Chi-square automatic interaction detection decision tree model in the prediction of the recurrence of acute pancreatitis (AP).Methods:Clinical data of 364 patients with AP admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University from June 2021 to June 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, including 219 males and 145 females, aged 53 (19-91) years. The patients were divided into the recurrence group ( n=63), those who experienced a second or more episodes of AP, and the initial group ( n=301), those who were diagnosed of AP for the first time. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the factors associated with recurrence of AP, and the decision tree model was used to analyze those factors. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were plotted to analyze the predictive performance of the two models. Results:Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age ( OR=0.969, 95% CI: 0.949-0.990, P=0.004), body mass index ( OR=1.142, 95% CI: 1.059-1.232, P=0.001), and hyperlipidemia ( OR=3.034, 95% CI: 1.543-5.964, P=0.001) were independent factors influencing the recurrence of AP. The accuracy of the model in predicting recurrence was 83.2% (303/364). The decision tree model showed that hyperlipidemia and body mass index were factors influencing the recurrence of AP, with an accuracy of 82.7% (301/364) in predicting recurrence. The area under the ROC curve was larger in the logistic regression model compared to that in the decision tree model (0.776 vs 0.730, Z=2.02, P=0.043). Conclusion:The logistic regression model and the Chi-square automatic interaction detection decision tree model can help predict the recurrence of AP. It is recommended to combine the two models to better guide clinical practice.