Berberine is an antipyretic and detoxicating drug commonly used in clinical practice,and it is currently used for the routine treatment of gastrointestinal diseases such as bacterial gastroenteritis and diarrhea.However,several recent studies have shown that berberine can exert a therapeutic effect on the diseases such as autoimmune hepatitis,viral hepatitis,nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,and liver cancer by regulating the AMPK and TGF-β pathways and altering the composition of intestinal flora.This provides new drugs for the treatment of these diseases,expands the potential indications of berberine,and provides clues for the follow-up research and development of similar drugs.This article summarizes the therapeutic effect and mechanism of berberine on various liver diseases,in order to provide a reference for effective clinical application.

Objective:To explore the clinical application and effect of FilmArray ? meningitis/encephalitis (ME) panel in identifying pathogens of central nervous system (CNS) infections in children. Methods:Molecular biology study.Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were prospectively obtained through lumbar puncture from children with suspected CNS infections admitted to the Department of Infectious Diseases at Beijing Children′s Hospital, Capital Medical University from May to November 2019.These samples were subjected to both routine clinical pathogen testing and FilmArray ME panel testing.Polymerase chain reaction was used to validate all samples.Independent sample t-test or Mann-Whitney U-test was used for comparative analysis of the results and influence factors obtained by the two detection methods. Results:A total of 113 cases of suspected CNS infections were enrolled.Routine clinical testing yielded 17 cases, with a positive rate of 15.0%, including 4 positive CSF cultures, with a positivity rate of 3.5%.FilmArray ME panel detected 23 positive cases, with a positive rate of 20.4%.FilmArray ME panel detected bacteria in 7 cases, viruses in 13 cases, fungi in 1 case, and both viruses and bacteria in 2 cases.Among the common pathogens detected, FilmArray ME panel obtained the results on average 2.7 days in advance.Conclusions:Compared with CSF culture, FilmArray ME panel has the advantages of shorter detection period, higher positive detection rate, and higher virus detection rate.

Gallstone disease is a common and frequently seen disease of digestive system, and is a common cause of inflammation of gallbladder and bile duct, biliary tract tumor and obstructive jaundice, however, its pathogenesis is not yet fully understood. Recent studies have revealed that intestinal flora and immunity play important roles in the formation of gallstones. This paper reviewed the relationship between the abundance and composition of intestinal flora, immuno - globulins, mucins and immune cells, as well as the interactions between intestinal flora and biliary immunity and gallstone formation for providing new ideas and methods for gallstone prevention and treatment.

Objective:To evaluate the therapeutic effect of one-stage correction of upper eyelid laxity and glabella wrinkle with partial removal of interbrow depressor muscles and filling by autologous dermis.Methods:The clinical data of patients with upper eyelid skin laxity accompanied by prominent dynamic and static glabella wrinkle admitted to the Department of Plastic Surgery, Second Hospital of Nanjing from January 2018 to January 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. The upper eyelid was corrected with under-eyebrow incision or upper eyelid blepharoplasty. The resected skin from laxity was trimmed as autologous dermis for filling of glabellar wrinkle. Meanwhile, the descending brow muscle was also partially resected. All patients were followed up to observe the improvement of dynamic and static glabella wrinkles and related complications.Results:There were 16 cases, including 2 male cases and 14 female cases, aged from 37 to 57 years (mean 47.3 years). Primary healing was achieved in all cases without any hematoma and infection. Follow-up period lasted for 4-13 months. The upper eyelid laxity was corrected with improvement of dynamic and static glabella wrinkle. The patients were satisfied. Needle-like depressed scar happened in one case with no treatment. 1 case had slight prominent tissue between the eyebrows, which was improved by local injection of compound Betamethasone injection 6 months after operation. 2 cases had mild hypoplasia between the eyebrows without treatment. 2 cases had numbness, which was relieved spontaneously after 3 months.Conclusions:One-stage correction of upper eyelid laxity and glabella wrinkle with partial removal of interbrow depressor muscles and filling by autologous dermis can effectively improve periocular aging.

Objective:To evaluate the therapeutic effect of one-stage correction of upper eyelid laxity and glabella wrinkle with partial removal of interbrow depressor muscles and filling by autologous dermis.Methods:The clinical data of patients with upper eyelid skin laxity accompanied by prominent dynamic and static glabella wrinkle admitted to the Department of Plastic Surgery, Second Hospital of Nanjing from January 2018 to January 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. The upper eyelid was corrected with under-eyebrow incision or upper eyelid blepharoplasty. The resected skin from laxity was trimmed as autologous dermis for filling of glabellar wrinkle. Meanwhile, the descending brow muscle was also partially resected. All patients were followed up to observe the improvement of dynamic and static glabella wrinkles and related complications.Results:There were 16 cases, including 2 male cases and 14 female cases, aged from 37 to 57 years (mean 47.3 years). Primary healing was achieved in all cases without any hematoma and infection. Follow-up period lasted for 4-13 months. The upper eyelid laxity was corrected with improvement of dynamic and static glabella wrinkle. The patients were satisfied. Needle-like depressed scar happened in one case with no treatment. 1 case had slight prominent tissue between the eyebrows, which was improved by local injection of compound Betamethasone injection 6 months after operation. 2 cases had mild hypoplasia between the eyebrows without treatment. 2 cases had numbness, which was relieved spontaneously after 3 months.Conclusions:One-stage correction of upper eyelid laxity and glabella wrinkle with partial removal of interbrow depressor muscles and filling by autologous dermis can effectively improve periocular aging.

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OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) for promoting surface mineralization of demineralized dentin discs and adsorption of lead ions in simulated sewage water. METHODS: Sixty dentin disks were prepared from freshly extracted teeth with intact crown (including 30 premolars and 30 molars) and treated with 10% citric acid for 2 min to simulate dentinal tubules with dentin hypersensitivity. The etched dentin discs were brushed with distilled water, 0.2 g HA or 0.2 g nHA for 2 min twice a day for 7 consecutive days, after which scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed and calcium and phosphorus contents in the dentin discs were detected using EDS. Lead ion adsorption capacities of HA and nHA were tested by mixing 1 mL serial concentrations of HA and nHA suspensions with 50 mL lead ion solutions (1.0 mg/L). After 24 h, the residual lead ion concentration in the supernatant was measured using ICP to calculate lead ion adsorption rate and adsorption capacity of the materials. RESULTS: SEM showed a smooth surface and empty dentin tubules in the acid- etched dentin dics. The dentin dics treated with HA were covered with masses of particles that loosely attached to the surface, and the diameter of the dentin tubules was reduced. In nHA group, the dentin discs showed a fine and homogeneous surface clogging with a tight attachment, and the dentin tubule diameter was obviously reduced. Daily brushing with HA and nHA, especially the latter, significantly increased calcium and phosphorus contents on the surface of the dentin dics ( < 0.000). In lead ion adsorption experiment, the lead ion adsorption rate of HA decreased as its concentration increased with the highest adsorption rate of 83.01%; the adsorption rate of nHA increased with its concentration until the adsorption equilibrium was reached, and its highest adsorption rate was 98.79%. A good liner relationship was found between the adsorption ability and concentration of HA. CONCLUSIONS Compared with HA, nHA has a better capacity for surface mineralization of acid-etched dentin discs and also a better ability of lead ion adsorption.

Objective To investigate the effect of a Chinese medicine formula GAPT, a combination containing Chinese herbs ginseng,Acorus tatarinowii, Polygala and tuber curcuma, on the behavior and cholinergic system in mice with scopolamine-induced memory impairment, and to explore the neuroprotective mechanism of GAPT. Methods ICR mice were randomly divided into normal control group(solution of 0.5% carboxy methyl cellulose, CMC), model group (0.5% CMC),positive control group(donepezil, 0.92 mg/(kg·d)), GAPT high, medium and low dose groups(20 mg/(kg·d),10 mg/(kg·d),5 mg/(kg·d)),18 mice in each group, were given intragastric gavage once a day for 30 days. After the last administration,the control group and model group received intraperitoneal injection of normal saline,and the other groups intraperitoneal injection of scopolamine(3 mg/(kg·d)), dissolved in 0.9% normal saline. Morris water maze test was performed to assess the learning and memmory ability. Then the mice were killed and the Ach content and AchE and ChAT activity in the cortex and hippocampus were detected. Results GAPT increased the swimming dis-tance,swimming time and the residence time in target quadrant of the model mice,increased the content of Ach and the ac-tivity of ChAT,and decreased the activity of AchE in the brain of the model group. Conclusions GAPT can improve the learning and memory ability of mice induced by scopolamine,and its mechanism may be related to cholinergic system.

Objective:To analyze the clinical efficacy of compound honeysuckle decoction hot and humid joint fusidic acid cream in the treatment of targeted drugs-induced rash.Methods:80 cases of patients with targeted drugs-induced rash admitted in our hospitalfrom August 2014 to August 2016 were selected and divided into two groups with 40 cases in each group according to the drawing method.The control group was treated by fusidic acid cream,while the observation group was treated by compound honeysuckle decoction hot and humid joint fusidic acid cream,the changes of symptom score,quality of life after treatment,clinical efficacy and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between two groups.Results:After treatment,the symptoms score of observation group ((6.87± 1.25) points) was lower than that of the control group ((10.29± 2.74) points)(P＜0.05),the quality of life score ((3.15± 0.57)points) of observation group was lower than that of the control group ((6.42± 1.20) points)(P＜0.05).The effective rate of observation group(95.00％) was higher than that of the control group(77.50％)(P＜0.05),no statistical difference was found in the incidence of adverse reactions was observed between two groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion:Compound honeysuckle decoction hot and humid joint fusidic acid cream was effective in the treatment of targeted drugs-induced rash,it could effectively relieve the clinical symptoms,improve the quality of life.

Objective To investigate the expression of hepatocyte growth factor ( HGF ) and its relationship with microsatellite instability ( MSI) and their influence on survival in patients with colorectal cancer. Methods Immunohistochemistry ( IHC) was used to detect the expression of HGF and MSI in 98 specimens of colorectal cancer. Tumors lacking protein expression of any of the four mismatch repair genes (MLH1, PMS2, MSH2 or MSH6) were labelled as MSI, and the rest were considered as microsatellite stable ( MSS) . The associations between expression and clinicopathological factors were assessed using Chi?square tests. Kaplan?Meier curves, log?rank test, and Cox regression were used to analyze the association between biomarker expressions and overall survival. Results The incidence rate of MSI in 98 colorectal specimens was 32. 7%, and was statistically significantly correlated with the location of tumor and differentiation degree ( P<0.05) . The HGF?expression rate was 71.4%. The patients with an MSI tumor had a significantly higher HGF expression, compared with the patients with an MSS tumor (P=0.048). The 5?year survival rate of MSI group and MSS group were 39.8% and 58.7%, respectively (P=0.009). The 5?year survival rate of HGF?positive group and HGF?negative group were 46.2% and 67.9% ( P=0.035) . The multivariate analysis showed that lymphocytic infiltration, TMN stage, MSI and HGF are independent prognostic factors in colorectal cancer ( P<0. 05 for all ) . Conclusions HGF is highly expressed in colorectal cancer patients with microsatellite instability. Both microsatellite instability and HGF are independent factors affecting the prognosis in patient with colorectal cancer.