Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of Zhikang Capsules plus Compound Huangbai Lotion for retention enema in the treatment of patients with mild to moderate distal ulcerative colitis(UC)of damp-heat in large intestine type,and to observe their effects on the serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines of tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α),interleukin 6(IL-6)and C-reactive protein(CRP).Methods A total of 110 patients with mild to moderate distal UC of damp-heat in large intestine type who were treated in the Outpatient Clinics and Wards of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from October 2022 to December 2023 were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group according to random number table method,with 55 patients in each group.The control group was given retention enema with 1 g of Xilei Powder and 50 mL of Compound Huangbai Lotion before going to bed every night,while the observation group was given retention enema with 2.4 g of Zhikang Capsules and 50 mL of Compound Huangbai Lotion before going to bed every night The course of treatment for the two groups covered 14 days.The changes in the serum inflammation factors,coagulation function indicators,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome scores,and the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire(IBDQ)scores in the two groups were observed before and after treatment.After treatment,the clinical efficacy and drug safety in the two groups were evaluated.Results(1)After 14 days of treatment,the total effective rate of the observation group was 90.91％(50/55)and that of the control group was 80.00％(44/55),and the intergroup comparison(tested by rank sum test)showed that the therapeutic efficacy of the observation group was significantly superior to that of the control group(P＜0.01).(2)After treatment,the serum levels of inflammation factors of TNF-α,IL-6,and CRP patients in the two groups were decreased compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05),and the decrease in the observation group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).(3)After treatment,the prothrombin time(PT)and fibrinogen(FIB)of the two groups of patients were improved compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05),while the improvement of thrombin time(TT)and activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT)were not obvious when compared with those before treatment(P＞0.05);the comparison between the two groups showed that the improvement of PT and FIB in the observation group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).(4)After treatment,the scores of TCM symptoms of diarrhea,mucous-purulent and bloody stool,tenesmus,scorching sensation of the anus in the two groups were decreased compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05),and the decrease in the observation group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).(5)After treatment,the scores of IBDQ items of general symptoms,intestinal symptoms,social functioning,emotional role functioning in the two groups were increased compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05),and the increase in the observation group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.01).(6)During the treatment,no obvious adverse reactions occurred in the two groups,with higher safety.Conclusion Zhikang Capsules plus Compound Huangbai Lotion for retention enema are effective and safe in treating mild to moderate distal UC of damp-heat in large intestine type.The therapy can effectively control the illness of UC,alleviate the clinical symptoms and negative emotions,improve the inflammatory response and coagulation function,and enhance the quality of life of the patients.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of E26 transformation-specific sequence 4(ETV4)affecting the proliferation and migration of colon cancer cells through the nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)signaling pathway.Methods The expression level of ETV4 in normal colon tissues and cancer tissues was analyzed by the user-friendly interactive cancer transcriptome data analysis resource(UALCAN)database.Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)and Western blot were used to detect the expression level of ETV4 in normal intestinal epithelial cells and colon cancer cell lines.After silencing ETV4 in SW480 cells,qRT-PCR and Western blot were per-formed to detect the expression of ETV4 to assess transfection efficiency;colony formation and Tran-swell assays were conducted to explore the effects of ETV4 silencing on the proliferation and migration of colon cancer cells;the Western blot was used to detect the effects of ETV4 silencing on the protein expression of protein 65(p65)and phosphorylated protein 65(p-p65)in the NF-κB pathway.Results The UALCAN database analysis revealed high expression of ETV4 in colon cancer tissues.The qRT-PCR and Western blot showed that ETV4 expression was significantly higher in the colon cancer cell lines SW480,Lovo,Caco-2,and SW620 than in normal intestinal epithelial cells HIEC-6,with the highest expression in SW480 cells(P＜0.001).Colony formation and Transwell assay results indicated that silencing ETV4 significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of colon cancer SW480 cells(P＜0.001).Western blot results showed that silencing ETV4 significantly inhibited the expression of p-p65 protein in the cells(P＜0.001).Conclusion Silencing ETV4 may inhibit the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway,thereby inhibiting the proliferation and migration of colon cancer cells.

Objective:To explore the core medication law of constipation in the Yi Zong Jin Jian using data mining techniques; To provide idea for the clinical treatment of constipation. Methods:The prescriptions related to constipation in the Yi Zong Jin Jian were summarized, and the frequency statistics, the efficiency statistics of the properties and tastes, correlation analysis and complex network analysis were carried out on the data set using the TCM Inheritance Cloud Platform V1.0, and the visualization was carried out. Results:A total of 106 prescriptions for constipation were included, involving 169 kinds of Chinese materia medica, with a total frequency of 894 times. The high-frequency Chinese materia medica included Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Scutellariae Radix and Angelicae Sinensis Radix, etc. Chinese materia medica was mainly composed of purging drugs, tonifying drugs and clearing heat drugs. The main tastes were pungent, sweet and bitter, while the main properties were cold and warm, and the main meridians were lung, spleen, stomach and liver meridians. 10 drug combinations such as Rhei Radix et Rhizoma-Scutellariae Radix, Rhei Radix et Rhizoma-Natrii Sulfas were obtained by second-order analysis, 9 drug combinations such as Rhei Radix et Rhizoma-Angelicae Sinensis Radix-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Scutellariae Radix-Coptidis Rhizoma-Rhei Radix et Rhizoma were obtained by third-order analysis, and 12 categories were obtained by community cluster analysis.Conclusions:In the treatment of constipation in the Yi Zong Jin Jian, it follows the academic thought of "warming, clearing and tonifying". It focuses on the method of tonifying and lowering, and takes warming and tonifying deficiency, clearing heat and defecating as the basic treatment, with cold and warm drugs, based on syndrome differentiation and treatment of zang-fu organs. When treating, it is required to prioritize the disease and treat it according to the syndrome.

ObjectiveTo observe the effects of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus， Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma， and their combination on slow transit constipation via PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 （PINK1）/Parkin pathway-mediated mitophagy. MethodFifty-six male SD rats were randomly assigned into normal group， model group， natural recovery group， Aurantii Fructus Immaturus group， Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma group， Aurantii Fructus Immaturus combined with Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma group， and mosapride group， with 8 rats in each group. Slow transit constipation model was established by gavage with loperamide （3 mg·kg^-1·d^-1） for 14 days in other groups except the normal group. After successful modeling， except that the model group was continuously induced by loperamide， the normal group and the natural recovery group were administrated with 0.9% normal saline by gavage， and the rats in the Aurantii Fructus Immaturus （1.35 g·kg^-1·d^-1） group， the Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma （2.7 g·kg^-1·d^-1） group， the Aurantii Fructus Immaturus combined with Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma （4.05 g·kg^-1·d^-1） group， and the mosapride （1.56 mg·kg^-1·d^-1） group were administrated with corresponding drugs by gavage for 7 days. The amount of feces， fecal water content， and intestinal propulsion rate of rats were determined. The pathological changes of the colon were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining and Alcian blue-periodic acid-Schiff （AB-PAS） staining. The activity of respiratory chain complex and the ultrastructure of the colon tissue were determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry and observed by transmission electron microscopy， respectively. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction（Real-time PCR） was employed to determine the mRNA levels of PINK1， Parkin， and p62， and Western blot to determine the protein levels of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 （LC3）， PINK1， and Parkin. ResultCompared with the normal group， the model group and the natural recovery group showed decreases in the amount of feces， fecal water content， intestinal propulsion rate （P<0.05，P<0.01）， and activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes Ⅱ， Ⅲ， and Ⅳ in the colon tissue （P<0.05，P<0.01）. Further， the mRNA levels of PINK1 and Parkin and the protein levels of PINK1， Parkin， and LC3 were up-regulated （P<0.01） and the mRNA level of p62 was down-regulated in the model group （P<0.05） and the natural recovery group. Compared with the model group and the natural recovery group， the Aurantii Fructus Immaturus combined with Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma group showed increased amount of feces， fecal water content， intestinal propulsion rate， and activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes Ⅱ， Ⅲ， and Ⅳ （P<0.05，P<0.01）. Moreover， the combination meliorated the degree of mitochondrial swelling in the colon tissue， down-regulated the mRNA levels of PINK1 and Parkin and the protein levels of PINK1， Parkin， and LC3 （P<0.05，P<0.01）， and up-regulated the mRNA level of p62 （P<0.05）. ConclusionAurantii Fructus Immaturus and Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma， and their combination may remedy the colonic motility disorders in rats with slow transit constipation by blocking PINK1/Parkin signaling pathway to inhibit the excessive mitophagy in interstitial cells of Cajal in the colon tissue.

OBJECTIVE: The barks, leaves, and branches of Cinnamomum cassia have been historically used as a traditional Chinese medicine, spice, and food preservative, in which phenylpropanoids are responsible compounds. However phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathways are not clear in C. cassia. We elucidated the pathways by descriptive analyses of differentially expressed genes related to phenylpropanoid biosynthesis as well as to identify various phenylpropanoid metabolites. METHODS: Chemical analysis, metabolome sequencing, and transcriptome sequencing were performed to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the difference of active components content in the barks, branches and leaves of C. cassia. RESULTS: Metabolomic analysis revealed that small amounts of flavonoids, coumarine, and cinnamaldehyde accumulated in both leaves and branches. Transcriptome analysis showed that genes associated with phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis were downregulated in the leaves and branches relative to the barks. The observed differences in essential oil content among the three tissues may be attributable to the differential expression of genes involved in the phenylpropanoid and flavonoid metabolic pathways. CONCLUSION This study identified the key genes in the phenylpropanoid pathway controling the flavonoid, coumarine, and cinnamaldehyde contents in the barks, branches and leaves by comparing the transcriptome and metabolome. These findings may be valuable in assessing phenylpropanoid and flavonoid metabolites and identifying specific candidate genes that are related to the synthesis of phenylpropanoids and flavonoids in C. cassia.

Objective To analyze the relationship between pain sensation, emotion and recognition in three dimensions. Methods By using questionnaires which contained general information questionnaire, Cancer Pain Questionnaire, Self-reporting Inventory (SCL-90), Pain Beliefs and Perceptions Inventory (PBPI) to investigate pain sensation, emotion and recognition of 46 patients with cancer pain. Results There were 13(28.3%) cases sufferd from mild pain,17 (37.0%) cases were moderate pain, 16 (34.8% )cases were severe pain.As to the result of SCL- 90,patients showed obvious symptom in somatization, depression, anxiety and hostility.They holded deep belief of that pain was very mysterious. There was a significant correlation between pain severity and depression(rs=0.377) , anxiety(rs=0.388) on the condition that confidence level was 0.01;there was also a significant correlation between pain degree and interpersonal sensitivity(rs=0.308), hostility(rs=0.320) on the condition that confidence level was 0.05. As to pain beliefs, pain degree had a significant correlation with it in the dimension of pain as mystery (rs=0.529) and pain was persistent(rs=0.680) on the condition that confidence level was 0.01. Conclusions The survey shows a positive correlation between pain severity,emotion of pain(such as anxiety,depression, hostility and interpersonal sensitivity)and beliefs about pain as mystery or permanent.

Objective This research aimed to investigate the function mechanism of lung injury after acute pulmonary embolism.Methods 30 healthy New Zealand rabbits were selected and randomly divided into five groups:control group (with venepuncture applied) and model groups including none-saline (NS) control group,exogenos laptin low doses group,medium dose group and high dose group.ELISA was applied to examine the TNF-αand IL-1β in serum.Results TNF-α and IL-1β content in saline group were higher than that in control group,and the results were statistically significant.In medium dose (50 μg/kg) group,TNF-α and IL-1β levels decreased apparently and the results were statistically significant.In low doses (20 μg/kg) group,TNF-α and IL-1β levels decreased,but the results were not statistically significant.In high dose (100 μg/kg) group,TNF-α and IL-1β levels increased on the contrary.Conclusion Suitable dose of leptin will lead the decrease of postoperative levels of TNF-α and IL-1β after acute pulmonary embolism,which thus have protection function to the injured lung.

Objective To investigate the effect of reformative ventilation method (head-high leg-low 30°-declivate prone position ) in the ventilation of acute respiratory distress syndrome ( ARDS ) patients, and compared with normal prone position ventilation. Methods Forty-four patients of ARDS underwent ventilation were divided into prone position group (22 cases) and reformative prone position group (22cases) by random digits talle. Continuous 30° semireclining position was kept in normal time. The patients of the two groups underwent different prone position ventilation 4 hours every day,and indexes of hemodynamics and respiration before,during and after prone position ventilation were recorded and analyzed. Results After prone position ventilation, oxygenation index of two groups improved similarly (P ＞ 0.05 ). In prone position group, lung compliance decreased [2 h, ( 25.6 ± 5.8 ) ml/cm H2O ( 1 cm H2O = 0.098 kPa) vs. ( 37.2 ± 20.5 )ml/cm H2O] ,average airway pressure increased [2 h, ( 18.5 ± 3.9) cm H2O vs. ( 15.6 ± 5.3 )cm H2O] ,heart rate increased [2 h, ( 112.0 ± 16.2 ) beats/min vs. ( 102.0 ± 11.3 ) beats/min], mean arterial blood pressure decreased [2 h, (86.0 ± 6.7) mm Hg ( 1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa) vs. (93.5 ± 7.5 ) mm Hg] ,central venous pressure increased[2 h, ( 15.5 ± 3.3 ) cm H2O vs. ( 12.6 ± 4.3 ) cm H2O]. These changes persistently existed during prone position ventilation (P ＜ 0.05 ),and they disappeared in 1 hour when recovered to 30 °semireclining position. Conclusion Reformative prone position ventilation not only has same effect on improving oxygenation index, but also obviates adverse effect on lung compliance and hemodynamics.

Objective To research the clinical significance of acetated Ringer solution and succinylated gelatin in the fluid resuscitation of sepsis patients.Method Fifty-nine sepsis patients were divided into two groups:lactic acid Ringer solution and hetastarch (group A,27 cases)and acetated Ringer solution and suecinylated gelatin (group B,32 cases),compared the fluid resuscitation and other parameter.Results There were no significant difference in the central venous pressure,mean arterial pressure and the dose of noradrenaline (P ＞ 0.05).The activated partial thrombeplastin time in group A was longer than that in group B[(58±10),(74±13)s vs(48±7),(54 ±11) s in 6,24 hours],fibrinogen concentration was lower than that in group B [(3.3 ±0.8),(1.6±0.3)g/L vs (4.2±1.1),(2.1±0.2)g/L in 6,24 hours] (P＜0.05).Serum lactic acid,creatinine,calcium concentration in group A [(6.9±0.8)retool/L,(289 ~ 27)μ mol/L,(2.1 ±0.3)mmol/L]were higher than those in group B [(3.2 ±1.1)mmol/L, (193 ±42)μmol/L, (1.7±0.2)mmol/L](P＜0.05),there was no difference in APACHE Ⅲ scores on the third day between two groups (P＞0.05).Conclusions Acetated Ringer solution and succinylated gelatin in the fluid resuscitation of sepsis patients has the same effect,but fewer impacts on serum coagulation,serum lactic acid and renal function than lactic acid Ringer solution and hetastareh.They may be more suitable for fluid resuscitation of sepsis patients,but hypecalcemia is easy to happen,and there is no significant evidences proving the prognosis.

potential use in clinical therapy and prognosis estimation of the tumor.