ObjectiveTo investigate the independent risk factors for decompensation in patients with liver cirrhosis， to construct a nomogram-based risk assessment model， and to assess its risk assessment performance and clinical value by comparing it with Model for End-Stage Liver Disease （MELD）， MELD combined with serum sodium concentration （MELD-Na）， and MELD 3.0 scoring system. MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed for 514 patients with liver cirrhosis who attended The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from January 2020 to May 2025， and related data were collected， including demographic data and laboratory markers. According to the presence or absence of decompensation， the patients were divided into compensation group with 275 patients and decompensation group with 239 patients. The Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups， and the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis was used for screening of variables， and the multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors for decompensated liver cirrhosis and construct a nomogram model. The receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve， calibration curve， and decision curve analysis were used to assess the discriminatory ability， calibration， and net clinical benefit of the model. ResultsThe multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that low hemoglobin （odds ratio ［OR］=0.984， 95% confidence interval ［CI］： 0.969　—　0.999， P<0.05）， low lymphocytes （OR=0.564， 95%CI： 0.383　—　0.830， P<0.05）， high international normalized ratio （OR=3.131， 95%CI： 1.242　—　7.891， P<0.05）， and low serum sodium （OR=0.922， 95%CI： 0.872　—　0.975， P<0.05） were independent risk factors for decompensation events in patients with liver cirrhosis. Construct the prediction model equation： Logit（P）=intercept value－0.016×hemoglobin－0.573×lymphocytes+1.141×INR－0.081×serum sodium. The nomogram constructed based on these factors had a good discriminatory ability， with an area under the ROC curve （AUC） of 0.787， a specificity of 77.8%， and a sensitivity of 67.4%， and it had significantly better predictive performance than MELD score （AUC=0.718）， MELD-Na score （AUC=0.719）， and MELD 3.0 score （AUC=0.725）. The calibration curve showed good consistency between the probability of risk assessed by the model and the observed probability. The decision curve analysis showed that compared with the MELD-based scores， this model provided higher net clinical benefit across a wide range of risk thresholds. ConclusionThis study successfully constructed and validated a nomogram risk assessment model incorporating hemoglobin， international normalized ratio， lymphocytes， and serum sodium. This model has good clinical practicability and can help to achieve early identification of high-risk patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis and optimize intervention strategies in clinical practice.

Age-dependent loss of skeletal muscle mass and function is a feature of sarcopenia, and increases the risk of many aging-related metabolic diseases. Here, we report phenotypic and single-nucleus transcriptomic analyses of non-human primate skeletal muscle aging. A higher transcriptional fluctuation was observed in myonuclei relative to other interstitial cell types, indicating a higher susceptibility of skeletal muscle fiber to aging. We found a downregulation of FOXO3 in aged primate skeletal muscle, and identified FOXO3 as a hub transcription factor maintaining skeletal muscle homeostasis. Through the establishment of a complementary experimental pipeline based on a human pluripotent stem cell-derived myotube model, we revealed that silence of FOXO3 accelerates human myotube senescence, whereas genetic activation of endogenous FOXO3 alleviates human myotube aging. Altogether, based on a combination of monkey skeletal muscle and human myotube aging research models, we unraveled the pivotal role of the FOXO3 in safeguarding primate skeletal muscle from aging, providing a comprehensive resource for the development of clinical diagnosis and targeted therapeutic interventions against human skeletal muscle aging and the onset of sarcopenia along with aging-related disorders.
Animals ; Humans ; Sarcopenia/metabolism* ; Forkhead Box Protein O3/metabolism* ; Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism* ; Aging/metabolism* ; Primates/metabolism*

Aging/metabolism* ; Animals ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Macaca fascicularis ; Retina/metabolism* ; Single-Cell Analysis

Our recent studies demonstrated that the natural product nobiletin (NOB) served as a promising multidrug resistance (MDR) reversal agent and improved the effectiveness of cancer chemotherapy . However, low aqueous solubility and difficulty in total synthesis limited its application as a therapeutic agent. To tackle these challenges, NOB was synthesized in a high yield by a concise route of six steps and fourteen derivatives were synthesized with remarkable solubility and efficacy. All the compounds showed improved sensitivity to paclitaxel (PTX) in P-glycoprotein (P-gp) overexpressing MDR cancer cells. Among them, compound exhibited water solubility 280-fold higher than NOB. A drug-resistance A549/T xenograft model showed that at a dose of 50 mg/kg co-administered with PTX (15 mg/kg), inhibited tumor growth more effective than NOB and remarkably increased PTX concentration in the tumors P-gp inhibition. Moreover, Western blot experiments revealed that inhibited expression of NRF2, phosphorylated ERK and AKT in MDR cancer cells, thus implying of multiple mechanisms to reverse MDR in lung cancer.

Objective To investigate the analgesic effect of different concentrations of medetomidine and ropivacaine on knee arthroscopy in elderly patients in the orthopedics department. Methods 72 patients were di-vided into 4 groups,and from February 2016-September 2017 ,different concentrations of dexmedetomidin and ropivacaine were given to the patients after the operation,and compared the analgesic effects and adverse reactions of each group. Results The duration of analgesia in groups C and D were longer than group A and B and there were significant differences in the amount of fentanyl in the 4 groups after 24 h(F = 79.633,P < 0.05 )and there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the 4 groups(P > 0.05);1,3,6, 10,16,24 h after operation,The VAS scores in group C and D were significantly lower than those in group A and B(P < 0.05 ). Conclusion Dexmedetomidine plus ropivacaine can effectively improve the analgesic effect after knee arthroscopy,0.50 g/kg was the best concentration of dexmedetomidin.

Objective To investigate the changes of serum C reactive protein (CRP),D-two polymer (D-D) and calcitonin (PCT) in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD) and its clinical value. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted in 146 patients with severe COPD at acute attack in Tongji Huangzhou Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology from December 2015 to December 2017.In addition,146 cases of COPD at remission stage (remission group) and 80 healthy subjects (control group) who were admitted to the hospital during the same period were selected.The serum levels of D -D,hs-CRP and PCT were compared among the three groups.At the same time,the levels of serum D-D,hs-CRP and PCT in patients with no bacterial infection or different pulmonary function classification were compared .Results The serum levels of D-D, hs-CRP and PCT in the acute group [(1 927.4 ±83.4) μg/L,(39.3 ±3.2) mg/L,(5.8 ±1.7) ng/mL] were significantly higher than those in the remission group [(314.2 ±69.2)μg/L,(16.4 ±3.4)mg/L,(1.8 ±0.7)ng/mL], which in the remission group were also significantly higher than the control group [(231.7 ±58.5) μg/L,(3.8 ± 1.5)mg/L,(0.4 ±0.1)ng/mL],the differences were statistically significant (F＝35.487,11.266,6.752,P＝ 0.001,0.005,0.000).The serum levels of hs -CRP and PCT in the acute phase combined with bacterial infection group[(41.4 ±1.7) mg/L,(6.4 ±1.4) ng/mL] were higher than those in the non bacterial infection group [(36.3 ±1.2)mg/L,(5.0 ±1.0)ng/mL](F＝16.541,4.467,P＝0.000,0.011),but there was no statistically significant difference in D -D level ( P ＞0.05).There were statistically significant differences in serum D -D, hs-CRP and PCT levels among patients with different pulmonary function classification [serum D-D:(2 083.5 ± 88.3)μg/L vs.(1 727.3 ±71.3)μg/L vs.(1 523.5 ±67.3)μg/L;hs-CRP:(63.8 ±19.5)mg/L vs.(29.5 ± 10.4)mg/L vs.(10.6 ±3.2) mg/L;PCT:(6.2 ±1.3) ng/mL vs.(3.4 ±0.9) ng/mL vs.(1.3 ±0.4) ng/mL] (F＝34.493,15.488,6.567,P＝0.000,0.001,0.018),and the higher the pulmonary function classification ,the higher the above indicators(all P＜0.05).Conclusion The levels of serum CRP,D-D and PCT in patients with severe COPD at acute attack are significantly increased ,and the increase of the patients with bacterial infection is more obvious,and the index level is positively correlated with the classification of lung function ,which can provide a reference for clinical practice.

Objective To study the clinical and genetic features of familial paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD). Methods The clinical information of 14 family members in one pedigree, including 2 patients (one treated in hos?pital, the other not treated) were analyzed and the response to treatment and prediction were followed up. DNA was ex?tracted from peripheral blood samples, and then screened for PRRT2 mutations. Results There were two male patients in the pure PKD pedigree, Prevalence rate was 14.3%,One of the PKD patients showed good response to carbamazepine as well as lamotrigine whereas other patients recovered without treatment. We detected a nonsense mutation c.797G>A (p.266R>Q) in PRRT2 gene in three family members. One affected member harboring PRRT2 mutation resulted from the incomplete penetrance of the disease,PKD and polycystic kidney disease coexist in the pedigree which showed autoso?mal dominant inheritance with incomplete penetrance and anticipation. Conclusions The curative effect of antiepileptic drugs to purely familial PKD is related to mutations and clinical features;Treatments should be decided based upon clini?cal features and mutations.

Objective To explore the superiority of dual-phase contrast-enhancement multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) in observing intracranial tuberculosis.Methods Thirty patients with intracranial tuberculosis,admitted to our hospital from January 2003 to November 2011,were chosen in our study; regular 16-slice spiral CT scan was performed,and then,dual-phase MSCT was performed as follows:contrast-enhanced scan was performed 25 seconds after arrival of contrast material on vascular phase,and 5 minutes after that (lag phase),conventional scanning was performed.According to the different lesions and morphologies of the tuberculosis,they were divided into three types:meningeal thickening,meningeal tuberculoma and parenchymal tuberculoma; the lesion sizes and edge definition and the relationship of the lesions with the surrounding vascular lesions in these three types were scored and calculated,and the differences of the image quality were compared at the vascular phase and lag phase.Results A total of 526 lesions in 30 patients were found,including 22 with meningeal thickening,235 with meningeal tuberculomas/tubercles,and 269 with parenchymal tuberculomas/tubercles.As compared with these three types at the vascular phase (0.36±0.49,0.36±0.52 and 0.41±0.53; 0.00,0.27±0.45 and 0.12±0.32; 1.09±0.68,1.22±0.74 and 1.27±0.75),these three types at the lag phase had significant differences in the scores of lesion sizes (1.64±0.58,1.64±0.58 and 1.59± 0.60) and lesion edge definition (2.00,1.73±0.49 and 1.88±0.34) and the relationship of the lesions with the surrounding vascular lesions (1.82±0.39,2.00±0.06 and 2.00±0.06,P＜0.05).Conclusion Images in the lag phase have advantages on diagnosis of intracranial tuberculosis.

OBJECTIVETo determine the difference on purgative biopotency of different processed products of rhubarb and compare rhubarb before and after preparation.

METHODThe prime biopotency of rhubarb reference substance was determined by comparing with the control substance of sennoside B using rat purgative model. Comparing with calibrated rhubarb reference substance, the bioactivity different processed products of rhubarb was determined by the 2,2',2" method.

RESULTThe purgative biopotency of crude rhubarb was 825.22 U x g(-1). The purgative biopotency of alcohol-processed rhubarb was 699.05 U x g(-1), The purgative biopotency of steamed rhubarb were 459.76 U x g(-1). Carbonized rhubarb cannot be determinate.

CONCLUSIONCrude rhubarb showed a significantly declineing purgative biopotency after being processed, alcohol-processed rhubarb showed less than crude rhubarb and followed by steamed rhubarb. Carbonized rhubarb lost almost all purgative bioactivity.

Animals ; Cathartics ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Plant Extracts ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Rheum ; chemistry ; Senna Extract ; pharmacology