As cardiac magnetic resonance imaging technology advances,T1 mapping has emerged as a non-invasive method offering visual and quantitative insights into myocardial fibrosis,edema,and infiltration associated with cardiac dis-eases.The application of T1 mapping in myocardial diseases allows for evaluating both focal and diffuse myocardial fibro-sis,playing a crucial clinical role in the differentiation,treatment,and prognostic risk assessment of diseases.This arti-cle aims to provide a thorough overview of the clinical applications of T1 mapping in patients with cardiomyopathy,summa-rizing the commonly employed scanning techniques and imaging principles.

As cardiac magnetic resonance imaging technology advances,T1 mapping has emerged as a non-invasive method offering visual and quantitative insights into myocardial fibrosis,edema,and infiltration associated with cardiac dis-eases.The application of T1 mapping in myocardial diseases allows for evaluating both focal and diffuse myocardial fibro-sis,playing a crucial clinical role in the differentiation,treatment,and prognostic risk assessment of diseases.This arti-cle aims to provide a thorough overview of the clinical applications of T1 mapping in patients with cardiomyopathy,summa-rizing the commonly employed scanning techniques and imaging principles.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of eculizumab in treating hematopoietic stem cell transplantation-associated thrombotic microangiopathy (TA-TMA) .Methods:This retrospective study included 11 patients who developed TA-TMA after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and subsequently received eculizumab treatment at Peking University People′s Hospital between June 2018 and May 2024. The incidence of TA-TMA, treatment details, and clinical outcomes were analyzed.Results:Among the 11 included patients [4 males, 7 females; median age: 29 years (range: 9-56) ], underlying diseases were severe aplastic anemia (SAA) in 5 patients, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in 3 patients, and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in 3 patients. The median time to TA-TMA diagnosis was 48 days post-transplantation (range: 4-213 days), and all patients met the diagnostic criteria for high-risk TA-TMA. The median interval from TA-TMA diagnosis to the initiation of eculizumab treatment was 12 days (range: 1-56 days). Patients received a median of 3 doses of eculizumab (range: 1-14). Ten of the 11 patients were assessed as having no response (NR) to eculizumab at the end of treatment or at death. One patient achieved a partial response (PR) but subsequently died after TA-TMA relapsed due to infection. At the last follow-up, all patients were either lost to follow-up or had died. The median follow-up duration was 88 days (range: 33-326 days), and the median time from TA-TMA diagnosis to the last follow-up was 31 days (range: 21-113 days) .Conclusion:Eculizumab demonstrated poor efficacy in this TA-TMA cohort. This might be attributable to the critical and complex condition of the patients, delayed initiation of eculizumab treatment, and insufficient dosage.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of eculizumab in treating hematopoietic stem cell transplantation-associated thrombotic microangiopathy (TA-TMA) .Methods:This retrospective study included 11 patients who developed TA-TMA after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and subsequently received eculizumab treatment at Peking University People′s Hospital between June 2018 and May 2024. The incidence of TA-TMA, treatment details, and clinical outcomes were analyzed.Results:Among the 11 included patients [4 males, 7 females; median age: 29 years (range: 9-56) ], underlying diseases were severe aplastic anemia (SAA) in 5 patients, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in 3 patients, and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in 3 patients. The median time to TA-TMA diagnosis was 48 days post-transplantation (range: 4-213 days), and all patients met the diagnostic criteria for high-risk TA-TMA. The median interval from TA-TMA diagnosis to the initiation of eculizumab treatment was 12 days (range: 1-56 days). Patients received a median of 3 doses of eculizumab (range: 1-14). Ten of the 11 patients were assessed as having no response (NR) to eculizumab at the end of treatment or at death. One patient achieved a partial response (PR) but subsequently died after TA-TMA relapsed due to infection. At the last follow-up, all patients were either lost to follow-up or had died. The median follow-up duration was 88 days (range: 33-326 days), and the median time from TA-TMA diagnosis to the last follow-up was 31 days (range: 21-113 days) .Conclusion:Eculizumab demonstrated poor efficacy in this TA-TMA cohort. This might be attributable to the critical and complex condition of the patients, delayed initiation of eculizumab treatment, and insufficient dosage.

Objective To determine the effects of continuous θ burst stimulation of contralateral premotor areas on post-stroke spasticity gait in patients with severe hemiplegia.Methods A pro-spective trial was conducted on 186 stroke patients with severe hemiplegia admitted to our depart-ment from January 2019 to January 2024.They were randomly into control group(93 cases,con-ventional rehabilitation training)and observation group(93 cases,continuous θ burst transcranial stimulation).In 4 weeks after treatment,gait parameters,Fugl-Meyer assessment of lower ex-tremity(FMA-LE)score,Berg balance scale(BSS)score,clinic spasticity index(CSI)score,lower limb sensation,spasticity improvement,and total effective rate were compared between the two groups.Results After treatment,both the 2 groups had significantly higher hip flexion,knee flex-ion,stride length,step frequency,step speed,FMA-LE score,BSS score,CSI score,and H wave latency,and lower two-point discrimination perception and H/M ratio when compared with the levels before treatment(P＜0.01).What's more,all above indicators were obviously better in the observation group than the control group(P＜0.01).The observation group had 1(1.1％),11(11.8％),48(51.6％),31(33.3％)and 2 cases(2.2％),respectively,of spasticity improvement grades 1,1+,2,3,and 4,and the control group had 0,7(7.5％),29(31.2％),44(47.3％),and 13 cases(14.0％),respectively,with statistical differences between the two group(P＜0.01).The total effective rate was notably higher in the observation group than the control group(96.8％vs 77.4％,x2=15.500,P＜0.01).Conclusion For severe hemiplegia patients,continuous θ burst stimulation can improve muscle spasm,restore gait,and better improve lower limb sensory and motor function.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy on the perioperative renal function in patients undergoing radical resection for esophageal cancer.Methods:This was a retrospective cohort study. Clinical data from patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy for esophageal cancer in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital and Tianjin University Chest Hospital from January 2020 to April 2022 were retrospectively collected. According to the preoperative treatment regimen, the patients were divided into neoadjuvant chemotherapy group (group nCT) and neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy group (group nCT+ IT). nCT group underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy, which included a platinum-based regimen combined with fluorouracil or taxanes. In nCIT+ IT group, programmed cell death protein 1 inhibitors were used for immunotherapy based on neoadjuvant chemotherapy. All the patients underwent 2-3 cycles of therapy, with each cycle lasting 21 days. Surgery was performed 4-6 weeks after the completion of the last therapy. The concentrations of serum creatinine, uric acid and blood urea nitrogen were detected before therapy, at 72 h before surgery and at 72 h after surgery. The acute kidney injury (AKI) diagnosed by the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes criteria at 72 h before surgery and 72 h after surgery were recorded. The pathological complete response rates, recurrence rate and disease-free survival time after surgery were collected.Results:Compared with group nCT, the serum urea concentration was significantly increased after treatment, the serum uric acid concentrations were increased at 72 h before surgery and 72 h after surgery, the pathological complete response rate was increased, the recurrence rate was decreased, the disease-free survival time was prolonged ( P<0.05), and no statistically significant changes were found in the incidence of AKI at 72 h before surgery and 72 h after surgery in group nCT+ IT ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Although neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy can raise the pathological complete response rate and disease-free survival rate, it has a certain effect on renal function. Perioperative renal function testing should be strengthened to prevent the occurrence of AKI in the patients undergoing radical resection for esophageal cancer.

[Objective]To do textual research on the meaning of"Fanteng"(烦疼)and"Tengfan"(疼烦)in Treatise on Febrile Diseases and Synopsis of the Golden Chamber.[Methods]By reviewing the annotations and commentaries from different scholars throughout history,the paper summarizes and analyzes their different viewpoints.Additionally,through philological research and references to medical and non-medical literature from the Qin and Han Dynasties,the paper seeks to ascertain the semantic meaning of the word"Fan"(烦).Furthermore,by analyzing ZHANG Zhongjing's original text,the paper explores the intended meanings of these two symptoms.[Results]Scholars throughout history have interpreted these two symptoms as intense pain,pain accompanied by restlessness and inappropriate pain caused by heat.In addition to expressing the uncomfortable feeling of mind,"fan"(烦)also means numerous and frequent.In ZHANG Zhongjing's original texts,these two symptoms are used in conjunction with specific body parts,in dampness disease,malaria and Shaoyang disease,etc.,indicating frequent and recurring pain.[Conclusion]In ZHANG Zhongjing's original texts,"Fanteng"(烦疼)and"Tengfan"(疼烦)actually refer to the concept of"frequent pain".

Cardiac magnetic resonance(CMR)has the advantages of being radiation-free,multi-parameter,multi-sequence,and multi-planar,enabling one-stop assessment of cardiac motion and morphologic function,blood flow and per-fusion in patients with coronary artery disease.This article briefly introduces the typical imaging indicators of CMR and highlights the application in the diagnosis,treatment and prognostic assessment of coronary artery disease.

Cardiac magnetic resonance(CMR)has the advantages of being radiation-free,multi-parameter,multi-sequence,and multi-planar,enabling one-stop assessment of cardiac motion and morphologic function,blood flow and per-fusion in patients with coronary artery disease.This article briefly introduces the typical imaging indicators of CMR and highlights the application in the diagnosis,treatment and prognostic assessment of coronary artery disease.

ObjectiveThe functional model of six major components of Astragali Radix-Angelicae Sinensis Radix combination against the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells （VSMCs） was constructed by uniform design， the relationship between the compatibility of these six main components and the inhibition of VSMCs proliferation was analyzed， and the effect of the compatibility of these main components of Astragali Radix-Angelicae Sinensis Radix on the proliferation of VSMCs as well as the feasibility of uniform design test in the study of multi-component compatibility of Chinese medicines were discussed. MethodCell proliferation and toxicity assay kit （CCK-8） method was used to determine the inhibitory effect of the six components of Astragali Radix-Angelicae Sinensis Radix on platelet derived growth factor-BB （PDGF-BB）-induced VSMCs proliferation in rats and the half inhibitory concentration （IC₅₀） of each component were obtained. Six chemical components of Astragali Radix-Angelicae Sinensis Radix （formononetin， astragaloside Ⅰ， astragaloside Ⅳ， calycosin， ferulic acid and calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside） were taken as the independent variables X₁， X₂， X₃， X₄， X₅， X₆， respectively， and the cell proliferation inhibition rate as the dependent variable Y. U24*（24⁹） uniform design table and mathematical models （including linear and quadratic polynomial） were selected， the stepwise regression method was used to screen the variables， and the better equations were obtained in theory. The actually better relationship equations were screened by setting the different dose compatibility of these six components for verification tests. According to the purpose of the experiment， the selected regression equation was processed by data centralization， so as to compare the regression coefficients of the data centralization equation and analyze the correlation between components and efficacy. ResultThe six components of Astragali Radix-Angelicae Sinensis Radix could inhibit abnormal proliferation of VSMCs in a dose-dependent manner. IC₅₀ values of formononetin， astragaloside Ⅰ， astragaloside Ⅳ， calycosin， ferulic acid and calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside were 123.453， 113.184， 81.655， 141.159， 101.187， 151.016 mg·L^-1， respectively. Two superior models were selected by experimental verification， including equation 1 of Y₁=73.137 897-0.207 888X₁+0.000 508X₂²+0.000 347X₁X₆ and equation 2 of Y₂=70.038 433-0.236 665X₁+0.000 577X₂²+0.000 260X₁X₄+0.000 415X₁X₆+0.000 370X₃X₅. After data centralization， equation 2 was adjusted to Y=-1.480 260-0.146 281X₁+0.000 673X₂²+0.000 314X₁X₄+0.000 456X₁X₆+0.000 737X₃X₅， the regression coefficients showed that the astragaloside Ⅰ had a positive effect on the inhibition rate of cell proliferation， formononetin-calycosin， formononetin-calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside and astragaloside Ⅳ-ferulic acid had an interaction effect on the inhibition rate of cell proliferation， and the synergistic effect of astragaloside Ⅳ and ferulic acid was higher than other interaction items. ConclusionThe combination of six main components of Astragali Radix-Angelicae Sinensis Radix can inhibit the abnormal proliferation of VSMCs， and it is demonstrated that the uniform test design can be used to predict the correlation between the chemical composition of Chinese medicines with their pharmacological effects， which can provide an experimental basis for the rational use of uniform design and regression analysis to construct mathematical models to study the compatibility relationship of Chinese medicines.