To investigate the effects of Biyan Jiedu Capsules on the proliferation and apoptosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells and their molecular mechanism, nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells CNE1 and CNE2 were used. They were divided into control group(30% blank serum medium), low-(10% drug-containing serum + 20% blank serum medium), medium-(20% drug-containing serum + 10% blank serum medium), and high-(30% drug-containing serum medium) concentration group of Biyan Jiedu Capsules according to in vitro experiment. After 24 h of intervention, the effects of Biyan Jiedu Capsules on the proliferation of CNE1 and CNE2 were detected by CCK-8 assay, clonal formation experiment, and EdU staining. The effect of Biyan Jiedu Capsules on apoptosis of CNE1 and CNE2 was detected by flow cytometry. Western blot was used to detect the effect of Biyan Jiedu Capsules on the expression of X-linked apoptosis inhibitor protein(XIAP), survivin, proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA), and PI3K/Akt pathway-related proteins in CNE1 and CNE2. The results showed that compared with the control group, the survival rate of CNE1 and CNE2 in the medium and high concentration groups of Biyan Jiedu Capsules could be decreased in a concentration-dependent way(P<0.05, P<0.01). At the same time, EdU staining and clonal formation experiments showed that the proliferation of CNE1 and CNE2 was significantly inhibited in the medium and high concentration groups of Biyan Jiedu Capsules(P<0.05, P<0.01). Flow cytometry showed that the apoptosis rate of CNE1 and CNE2 was significantly increased in all concentration groups of Biyan Jiedu Capsules(P<0.01), and the apoptosis rate was concentration-dependent. Western blot showed that the expressions of XIAP, survivin, PCNA, p-PI3K, and p-Akt in all concentration groups of Biyan Jiedu Capsules were significantly down-regulated(P<0.05, P<0.01). In conclusion, Biyan Jiedu Capsules can inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells possibly by down-regulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
Humans ; Apoptosis/drug effects* ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects* ; Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/physiopathology* ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/genetics* ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology* ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/genetics* ; Signal Transduction/drug effects* ; Capsules ; Carcinoma/drug therapy*

Prostate cancer(PCa) is a common malignant tumor among elderly men, with high incidence and mortality rates worldwide, posing a serious threat to human health. Traditional treatments face limitations, highlighting the urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies. Recent studies on the regulatory mechanisms of micro ribonucleic acid(microRNA, miRNA) in tumor development has identified miRNA as new targets for PCa diagnosis and treatment. Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), with its multi-mechanism, multi-target, and multi-pathway regulatory properties, shows promising potential in miRNA-based PCa therapy. This review summarized recent findings on miRNA' roles in PCa and research progress of TCM intervention and found that a variety of miRNA played important regulatory roles in cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, metastasis, immune microenvironment, and drug resistance, and their potential as biomarkers for PCa diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy, indicating the potential to be a biomarker for the diagnosis, prognosis evaluation, and treatment of PCa. The review concluded that the active components of TCM(terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, and others) and compounds(Yishen Tonglong Decoction, Shenhu Decoction, Zhoushi Qiling Decoction, Fuzheng Yiliu Decoction, and Qilan Formula) could regulate the expression of their downstream target genes by acting on specific miRNA and affect the above biological behaviors of PCa cells, thus playing a role in the treatment of PCa. This review aims to provide a theoretical basis for miRNA as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for PCa and suggest new avenues for further development of targeted therapy strategies against miRNA.
Humans ; MicroRNAs/metabolism* ; Prostatic Neoplasms/metabolism* ; Male ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Animals ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects*

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of patients with extranasal NK/T-cell lymphoma (NKTCL). METHODS: The clinical data of 138 patients with NKTCL diagnosed in 10 medical centers of Huaihai Lymphoma Working Group from June 2015 to April 2021 were collected and analyzed retrospectively. The differences in clinicopathological characteristics of patients with different involvement and efficacy of pegaspargase regimen were compared, as well as perform survival analysis. RESULTS: A total of 138 extranasal NKTCL patients were included, with a median age of 46 years, and the ratio of males to females was approximately 2∶1. There were 39 patients with gastrointestinal involvement, 32 patients with oropharyngeal involvement, 17 patients with skin involvement, 11 patients with lymph node involvement, 11 patients with orbital involvement, and 28 patients with other parts involvement. Patients with skin involvement had a higher proportion of advanced disease and a lower proportion of CD56 positive rate compared to those with oropharyngeal involvement. Among the patients with gastrointestinal involvement, the survival rate of patients who received pegaspargase regimen was significantly higher than those who were treated without pegaspargase (P < 0.01). Multivariate analysis showed that serum creatinine was an independent prognostic factor for patients with skin involvement ( HR =1.027, 95%CI : 1.001-1.054, P =0.040), ECOG PS and EBV DNA were independent prognostic factors for patients with gastrointestinal involvement ( HR =2.635, 95%CI : 1.096-6.338, P =0.030; HR =4.772, 95% CI : 1.092-20.854, P =0.038), and ECOG PS and CA stage were independent prognostic factors for patients with oropharyngeal involvement ( HR =13.875, 95%CI : 2.517-76.496, P =0.002; HR =20.261, 95%CI : 2.466-166.470, P =0.005). CONCLUSION The clinicopathological characteristics of extranasal NKTCL patients with different sites of involvement are vary, and effective individualized treatment need to be further explored.
Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Asparaginase/therapeutic use* ; Lymphoma, Extranodal NK-T-Cell/pathology* ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Polyethylene Glycols

Cemental tear is a rare and indetectable condition unless obvious clinical signs present with the involvement of surrounding periodontal and periapical tissues. Due to its clinical manifestations similar to common dental issues, such as vertical root fracture, primary endodontic diseases, and periodontal diseases, as well as the low awareness of cemental tear for clinicians, misdiagnosis often occurs. The critical principle for cemental tear treatment is to remove torn fragments, and overlooking fragments leads to futile therapy, which could deteriorate the conditions of the affected teeth. Therefore, accurate diagnosis and subsequent appropriate interventions are vital for managing cemental tear. Novel diagnostic tools, including cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), microscopes, and enamel matrix derivatives, have improved early detection and management, enhancing tooth retention. The implementation of standardized diagnostic criteria and treatment protocols, combined with improved clinical awareness among dental professionals, serves to mitigate risks of diagnostic errors and suboptimal therapeutic interventions. This expert consensus reviewed the epidemiology, pathogenesis, potential predisposing factors, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of cemental tear, aiming to provide a clinical guideline and facilitate clinicians to have a better understanding of cemental tear.
Humans ; Dental Cementum/injuries* ; Consensus ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Tooth Fractures/therapy*

Objective To investigate the risk factors of complications after CT-guided percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy(PTNB)in the plateau environment.Methods A total of 858 patients who underwent CT-guided PTNB were selected,and the clini-cal data of patients,imaging features of lesions,information related to puncture operation,complications,and pathological results were analyzed retrospectively,then the independent risk factors of postoperative pneumothorax and pulmonary hemorrhage were summarized.Results Among 858 patients with lung biopsy,816 cases(95.1％)were successfully sampled,including 203 cases(23.7％)in the pneumothorax and 140 cases(16.3％)in the pulmonary hemorrhage.The statistical analysis results of the pneumo-thorax revealed significant differences in lesion location and lesion size(P＜0.05).The statistical analysis results of the pulmonary hemorrhage showed significant differences in lesion location,lesion size,puncture angle and puncture depth(P＜0.05).Independent risk factors affecting pneumothorax and pulmonary hemorrhage were illustrated in a forest plot.Conclusion Because the oxygen partial pressure and climate temperature are relatively low in the plateau environment,the cardiopulmonary function of patients will be affected by the living environment.Therefore,on the premise of ensuring the success rate of CT-guided PTNB,the optimal path and timing should be selected to reduce the risk of complications.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of CT-guided percutaneous microwave ablation for the treatment of primary hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods A total of 132 patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma were divided into control group and study group(66 cases in each group)according to different treatment plans.The control group received transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE)treatment,while the study group received TACE combined with percutaneous microwave ablation under CT guidance.The changes in serum tumor markers and liver function indicators were observed before and after treatment in the two groups,and the efficacy(short-and long-term)and safety of the two groups were compared.Results The levels of serum carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA),alpha-fetoprotein(AFP),carbohydrate antigen 125(CA125),and carbohydrate antigen 19-9(CA19-9)in both groups decreased significantly after treatment compared to those before treatment,and intergroup comparison showed that the levels of CEA,AFP,CA125,and CA1 9-9 in the study group were significantly lower those after treatment(P＜0.05).Compared with those before treatment,the levels of alanine transaminase(ALT)and aspartate transaminase(AST)were decreased,and the level of albumin(ALB)was increased of both groups after treatment.The intergroup comparison showed that the study groups ALT and AST levels were lower and ALB level was higher(P＜0.05).The total effective rate of the study group was clearly higher than that of the control group(75.76％vs 46.97％,P＜0.05).The 1-year survival rates of the two groups were similar(90.91％vs 81.82％,P＞0.05),however,the 2-year survival rate of the study group was clearly higher than that of the control group(84.85％vs 63.64％,P＜0.05).Conclusion CT-guided percutaneous microwave ablation for the adjuvant TACE treatment of primary hepatocellular carcinoma can effectively reduce tumor burden and lower tumor marker levels,its short-and long-term efficacy is significant,with a low incidence of adverse reactions and good safety.

This study constructed a LHCGR-CRE-luc-HEK293 transgenic cell line according to the activation of the cAMP signaling pathway after recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin binding to the receptor. The biological activity of recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin was assayed using a luciferase assay system. The relative potency of the samples was calculated using four-parameter model. And the method conditions were optimized to validate the specificity, relative accuracy, precision and linearity of the method. The results showed that there was a quantitative potency relationship of human chorinonic gonadotropin (hCG) in the method and it was in accordance with the four-parameter curve. After optimization, the conditions were determined as hCG dilution concentration of 2.5 μg·mL^-1, dilution ratio of 1∶4, cell number of 10 000-15 000 cells/well, and induction time of 6 h. The method had good specificity, relative accuracy with relative bias ranging from -8.9% to 3.4%, linear regression equation correlation coefficient of 0.996, intermediate precision geometric coefficient of variation ranging from 3.3% to 15.0%, and linearity range of 50% to 200%. This study successfully established and validated a reporter gene method to detect hCG biological activity, which can be used for hCG biological activity assay and quality control.

Objective To cultivate and breed laboratory cats in conventional laboratory animal facilities,collect background data on laboratory cats,and compare them with purchased domestic cats to assess the feasibility of breeding laboratory cats.Methods Indigenous cat breeds were introduced for reproduction and population expansion under conventional laboratory environment,with recording of kitten survival rates and growth curves.Indicators of 20 laboratory cats of F1 generation(half male and half female),including complete blood count,blood biochemistry,organ mass,organ coefficient,heart rate,and blood pressure,were detected and comparisons between sexes were made.Blood pressure values and sensitivity to histamine of these cats were measured using depressor substance detection method in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China-Four Parts:2020,and were compared with the data from 173 concurrently purchased domestic cats.Results Laboratory cats adapted well to the environment of conventional laboratory facilities,with a survival rate of 77.08％of kittens at 8 weeks of age.Red blood cell count,hemoglobin content,mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration,and hematocrit in male laboratory cats were significantly higher than those in females(P＜0.01),while the mean corpuscular volume in males was significantly lower than that in females(P＜0.01).The levels of serum alanine aminotransferase,total bilirubin,creatinine,triacylglycerol,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in male laboratory cats were significantly higher than those in females(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),while cholesterol,globulin,total protein,and the albumin-globulin ratio were significantly lower in males(P＜0.01).The liver coefficient in male laboratory cats was significantly lower than that in female cats(P＜0.05),while the kidney coefficient was significantly higher(P＜0.05).The spleen-brain and kidney-brain ratios were significantly higher in males compared to females(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).No significant differences were found in heart rate,systolic pressure,diastolic pressure,mean blood pressure,or sensitivity to histamine between male and female laboratory cats(P＞0.05).Compared to laboratory cats,purchased domestic cats had significantly higher heart rate,systolic pressure,and mean blood pressure(P＜0.01),and the magnitude of blood pressure changes induced by medium and high doses of histamine was significantly reduced(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Conclusion It is feasible to breed laboratory cats in conventional laboratory animal facilities.The accuracy of experimental results can be improved by using laboratory cats with clear and standardized background data.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) is a common disease in middle-aged and elderly men, with lower urinary tract symptoms as the main manifestation, severely affecting the quality of life of patients. The pathogenesis of BPH is not yet fully understood, and there are still some challenges and limitations in western medicine treatment for BPH. Therefore, finding new and more effective treatment strategies is urgent. In recent years, many basic and clinical studies have confirmed the important role of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of BPH. This article reviews the progress of basic and clinical research in the treatment of BPH with traditional Chinese medicine, and believes that basic research mainly focuses on the active ingredients of Chinese medicine [regulating pathways such as NF-E2-related factor 2(Nrf2)/antioxidant response element(ARE), nuclear factor κB(NF-κB), epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3), phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(p38 MAPK)/forkhead box O subtype(FOXO3a), etc.], single Chinese herbs(regulating inflammatory factors, oxidative stress-related proteins, cell cycle-related proteins, and apoptotic factors, etc.), and Chinese herbal compounds and patent medicines [regulating extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK1/2), transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)/Smad, mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK), PI3K/Akt, Nrf2, trefoil factor 2(TFF2)/Wnt, interleukin-6(IL-6)/Janus kinase 2(JAK2)/STAT3, hypoxia-inducible factor 1α(HIF-1α)/vascular endothelial growth factor receptor(VEGFR), etc.], and then play a therapeutic role by inhibiting BPH cell proliferation, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, promoting apoptosis, and inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Clinical studies mainly focus on internal treatment, external treatment, combined internal and external treatment, and integrated Chinese and western medicine treatment as the main methods, aiming to improve traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores, prostate symptom scores, residual urine volume, effective bladder volume, sexual quality of life, increase average urine flow rate, maximum urine flow rate, and promote balance of sex hormone secretion. Through this research, it is hoped to provide some reference ideas for clinical research and drug development for BPH.
Prostatic Hyperplasia/metabolism* ; Male ; Humans ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Animals ; Signal Transduction/drug effects* ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2/genetics*

As one kind of v-myb avian myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog (MYB) transcription factors, R1-MYB (MYB-related) family plays an important role in plant growth and development, as well as environmental stress and hormone signal transduction. In this study, R1-MYB family genes in Rheum palmatum L. were systematically screened based on full-length transcriptome sequencing analysis. Firstly, the physicochemical, protein domain and molecular evolution characteristics of the coding proteins were analyzed. Furthermore, the tissue expression levels of R1-MYB genes were analyzed by RNA-seq. We also investigated the expression pattern of RpMYB24 in response to various hormones and abiotic stresses. The results showed that a total of 49 R1-MYB genes were identified, which mainly encoded thermally stable hydrophilic proteins. Most of the deduced proteins were predicted to locate in nucleus. Each protein had a large proportion of random curl and α helix, and also had the W-type conserved amino acids which were the signature of MYB. R1-MYB family members were distributed in five subgroups, including circadian clock associated 1 (CCA1)-like, I-box (GATAAG)-like, CAPRICE (CPC)-like, telomere repeat binding factor (TRF)-like and TATA binding protein (TBP)-like, and the number of CCA1-like was the majority. RNA-seq revealed that 49 R1-MYB genes were differentially expressed in roots, rhizomes and leaves of R. palmatum, and the expression levels of 15 and 23 genes in roots and rhizomes were higher than those in leaves, respectively. RpMYB24 transcript was induced by abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA), and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment, and could also significantly respond to injury, low temperature and high temperature stresses except drought stress. This study systematically identified the R1-MYB family genes and their molecular characteristics, better for further gene functional validation, and then provide a scientific basis for the transcriptional regulation mechanism research into rhubarb quality formation.