OBJECTIVES: To examine the changes of intestinal flora in children newly diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and the influence of chemotherapy on intestinal flora. METHODS: Fecal samples were collected from 40 children newly diagnosed with ALL before chemotherapy and at 2 weeks, 1 month, and 2 months after chemotherapy. Ten healthy children served as the control group. 16S rDNA sequencing and analysis were performed to compare the differences in intestinal flora between the ALL and control groups and children with ALL before and after chemotherapy. RESULTS: The ALL group had a significant reduction in the abundance of intestinal flora at 1 and 2 months after chemotherapy, with a significant reduction compared with the control group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the ALL group had a significant reduction in the diversity of intestinal flora before and after chemotherapy (P<0.05). At the phylum level, compared with the control group, the ALL group had a significant reduction in the relative abundance of Actinobacteria at 2 weeks, 1 month, and 2 months after chemotherapy (P<0.05) and a significant increase in the relative abundance of Proteobacteria at 1 and 2 months after chemotherapy (P<0.05). At the genus level, compared with the control group, the ALL group had a significant reduction in the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium at 2 weeks, 1 month, and 2 months after chemotherapy (P<0.05); the relative abundance of Klebsiella in the ALL group was significantly higher than that in the control group at 1 and 2 months after chemotherapy and showed a significant increase at 1 month after chemotherapy (P<0.05); the relative abundance of Faecalibacterium in the ALL group was significantly lower than that in the control group before and after chemotherapy and showed a significant reduction at 2 weeks and 1 month after chemotherapy (P<0.05). The relative abundance of Enterococcus increased significantly at 1 and 2 months after chemotherapy in the ALL group (P<0.05), and was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The diversity of intestinal flora in children with ALL is significantly lower than that in healthy children. Chemotherapy significantly reduces the abundance of intestinal flora and can reduce the abundance of some probiotic bacteria (Bifidobacterium and Faecalibacterium) and increase the abundance of pathogenic bacteria (Klebsiella and Enterococcus) in children with ALL.
Bacteria/genetics* ; Bifidobacterium ; Child ; Feces/microbiology* ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Humans ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/drug therapy*

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the abnormal results and their causes of personal dose monitoring on medical radiation workers.METHODS: The medical radiation workers monitored from 2016 to 2019 in the personal dose monitoring room of Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment were selected as the study subjects using convenient sampling method. The abnormal results and their causes of the medical radiation workers with personal dose equivalent ≥1.25 mSv(investigation level) in a single period were analyzed. RESULTS: The rate of abnormal results of personal dose monitoring was 0.26%(263/102 284). The false result rate was 0.19%(194/102 284), and that of the true result rate was 0.07%(69/102 284). A total of 73.38%(193/263) of medical radiation workers had abnormal results with an personal dose equivalent less than 5.00 mSv. Among different occupational groups, the abnormal results and false results in personal dose monitoring in interventional radiology group were the highest(all P<0.01). The abnormal result rate and false result rate were higher in the Pearl River Delta area than that in the non-Pearl River Delta area(0.27% vs 0.17%, 0.20% vs 0.12%, all P<0.05). The rate of false result of personal dose monitoring in the tertiary hospitals was lower than that in the non-tertiary hospitals(0.18% vs 0.30%, P<0.05). The main reason for the true results of personal dose monitoring was the increase of workload(43.48%), and the main reason for the false results was that the dosimeter was left in the workplace(57.73%). CONCLUSION: The rate of abnormal results of personal dose monitoring in the medical radiation workers is high. Radiological protection should be strengthened with emphasis on medical radiation workers in interventional radiology, Pearl River Delta area hospitals and non-tertiary hospitals.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect on the recovery of gastrointestinal function after cesarean section treated with transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation at Zusanli (ST 36) on the basis of routine treatment. METHODS: A total of 110 primiparas after cesarean section were randomized into an observation group and a control group, 55 cases in each one. The conventional treatment was applied in the two groups, after operation, transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation at Zusanli (ST 36) was used immediately in the observation group, the skin electrode of disposable anti-magnetic buckle was attached to Zusanli (ST 36) and the corresponding part of the inner lower leg, with disperse-dense wave, 30 Hz/60 Hz and 15-20 mA. The treatment was given for 30 min every time, once every 8 h, until the end of the first bowel movement. The recovery of gastrointestinal function after cesarean section (the restoring time of borborygmus, the time of first anal exsufflation and the first defecation time), the time of secretion of foremilk, complications (abdominal distension, abdominal pain, nausea etc.), hospital stays after operation and the satisfaction of primiparas after bowel movement were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The observation group was superior to the control group in the restoring time of borborygmus, the time of first anal exsufflation, the first defecation time and the time of secretion of foremilk (<0.01, <0.05). In the observation group, the incidence of postoperative complications such as abdominal pain, abdominal distension and nausea was 3.6% (2/55), which was lower than 16.4% (9/55) in the control group (<0.05). Compared with the control group, the observation group had shorter hospital stays (<0.01). The satisfaction of effect was 89.1% (49/55) in the observation group, which was superior to 72.7% (40/55) in the control group (<0.05). CONCLUSION Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation at Zusanli (ST 36) can speed up the recovery of gastrointestinal function after cesarean section, reduce complications such as abdominal pain, abdominal distension, shorten hospital stays, promote patient nutrition intake and lactation, and improve comfort level and satisfaction of primiparas.
Acupuncture Points ; Cesarean Section ; Digestion ; Female ; Humans ; Parity ; Pregnancy ; Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation

OBJECTIVEVerverck index (VI) reflects thoracic development, body type, and nutritional status. This study aimed to investigate the VI of singleton neonates with a gestational age (GA) of 27-42 weeks at birth, and to establish percentile curves of VI of the neonates.

METHODSCross-sectional cluster sampling was performed between April 2013 and September 2015. Body weight, body length, and chest circumference were measured for 16 865 singleton neonates with a GA of 27-42 weeks in two hospitals in Shenzhen, China. VI was calculated and the percentile curves of VI were plotted for the neonates.

RESULTSMean VIs were obtained for singleton neonates with a gestational age of 27-42 weeks (in three groups of male, female, and both sexes), and related 3rd-97th percentile curves were plotted. As for the 50th percentile curve, the singleton neonates with a GA of 27 weeks had the lowest 50th percentile value of VI, which gradually increased with the increase in GA. The singleton neonates with a GA of 42 weeks had the highest 50th percentile value of VI. Girls had a slightly higher 50th percentile value of VI than boys in all GA groups.

CONCLUSIONSVI of neonates increases with the increase in GA. Female neonates may have a slightly better thoracic development, body type, and nutritional status than male neonates at birth. The percentile curves of VI plotted for singleton neonates with a GA of 27-42 weeks (in three groups of male, female, and both sexes) can provide a basis for evaluating thoracic development, body type, and nutritional status of neonates at birth in Shenzhen, China.

OBJECTIVETo study the Kaup index (KI), an index used to evaluate body burliness and nutritional status, of neonates with a gestational age (GA) of 27-42 weeks at birth, and to establish the percentile curves of KI.

METHODSCross-sectional cluster sampling was performed from April 2013 to September 2015 to select 16 887 singleton neonates with a GA of 27-42 weeks in two hospitals in Shenzhen, China. Body weight and body length were measured to calculate KI. The percentile curves of KI were plotted in these neonates.

RESULTSMean KIs and corresponding standard deviations were obtained for singleton neonates with a gestational age of 27-42 weeks (in male, female, and mixed groups), and the 3rd-97th percentile curves of KI were plotted. The singleton neonates with a GA of 27 weeks had the lowest 50th percentile value of KI, and KI gradually increased with GA. Boys had a higher 50th percentile value of KI than girls in each GA group. In all groups except the 33-week GA group, boys had a higher mean KI than girls, and there was a significant difference in the mean KI between boys and girls in the GA groups of 34 and 36-40 weeks (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSKI of neonates at birth increases with GA, suggesting that body density and body burliness increase with GA. Boys have better body burliness than girls at birth. The percentile curves of KI plotted for singleton neonates with a GA of 27-42 weeks (in male, female, and mixed groups) can provide a reference for evaluating the body burliness and nutritional status of neonates at birth in Shenzhen.

Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Nutritional Status

OBJECTIVETo establish the intrauterine growth curve of twin neonates, and to investigate the intrauterine growth status of twin neonates.

METHODSCross-sectional cluster sampling was performed for an on-the-spot investigation of 1 296 live twin neonates who were born in two hospitals in Shenzhen between April 2013 and September 2015. The Lambda-Mu-Sigma method was used for the curve fitting of body weight, body length, head circumference, chest circumference, and crown-rump length.

RESULTSThe means and 3rd-97th percentile intrauterine growth curves for body weight, body length, head circumference, chest circumference, and crown-rump length were obtained for the 1 296 twin neonates with a gestational age of 27-40 weeks. The curve values of the 1 296 twin neonates for body weight, body length, head circumference, chest circumference, and crown-rump length were all lower than those of singleton neonates in Shenzhen that had been reported, and the difference increased with increasing gestational age.

CONCLUSIONSThe intrauterine growth curves for body weight, body length, head circumference, chest circumference, and crown-rump length of twin neonates with a gestational age of 27-40 weeks in Shenzhen obtained in this study can provide a reference for evaluating the intrauterine growth status of twin neonates among the current population in Shenzhen.

Body Height ; Body Weight ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Fetal Development ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Twins

OBJECTIVETo establish the intrauterine growth percentile curves of full-term neonates with different gestational ages (GAs) born to primiparous or multiparous women, and to investigate the influence of parity on intrauterine growth potential.

METHODSCross-sectional cluster sampling was performed from April 2013 to September 2015 to measure physical growth in full-term singleton infants with a GA of 37-41 weeks in two hospitals in Shenzhen, China. The Lambda-Mu-Sigma method was used for curve fitting.

RESULTSThe mean values of birth weight, body length, head circumference, chest circumference, and crown-rump length were obtained in 14 529 full-term infants. The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentile curves of the five indices were established. The full-term infants born to multiparous women had similar patterns and growth trends of the five percentile curves of the above five indices to those born to primiparous women, while the full-term infants with a GA of 37-41 weeks born to multiparous women had higher mean values and percentile curve values of the above five indices than those born to primiparous women. In the group with a GA of 41 weeks, there was no significant difference in the crown-rump length between the infants born to primiparous women and those born to multiparous women, but there were significant differences in the means of the above five indices in all the other GA groups between the two group infants (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSFull-term infants with a GA of 37-41 weeks born to multiparous women have higher intrauterine growth levels of birth weight, body length, head circumference, chest circumference, and crown-rump length than those born to primiparous women, suggesting that parity is an important influencing factor for intrauterine growth potential.

Birth Weight ; Body Height ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Fetal Development ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Parity ; Pregnancy

OBJECTIVETo establish the intrauterine growth curves of neonates in Shenzhen, China and to investigate the intrauterine growth of neonates in Shenzhen.

METHODSCross-sectional cluster sampling was performed for an on-the-spot investigation of 16 887 neonates (9 418 males and 7 469 females) with a gestational age of 27-42 weeks who were born in two hospitals in Shenzhen from April 2013 to September 2015. The Lambda Mu Sigma (LMS) method was used for the curve fitting of body weight, body length, head circumference, chest circumference, and crown-rump length.

RESULTSThe 3rd-97th percentile intrauterine growth curves for body weight, body length, head circumference, chest circumference, and crown-rump length were plotted for the neonates with a gestational age of 27-42 weeks who were divided into three groups (male, female, and mixed). The male neonates had significantly higher curves for the five indices than the female counterparts. The pattern and changing trend of body weight curves of these neonates were basically consistent with those in China Neonatal Network.

CONCLUSIONSThe percentile intrauterine growth curves for body weight, body length, head circumference, chest circumference, and crown-rump length in neonates with a gestational age of 27-42 weeks in Shenzhen which has been established can provide a reference for clinical practice in the department of neonatology.

Body Height ; Body Weight ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Crown-Rump Length ; Female ; Fetal Development ; physiology ; Gestational Age ; Head ; anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Thorax ; anatomy & histology

OBJECTIVETo establish height-weight indices in newborns of different gestational ages and to provide reference data for evaluation of intrauterine fetal growth.

METHODSThe weight, height, crown-rump length, head circumference, and chest circumference of 8 357 newborns were measured in Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Bao'an District of shenzhen between 2005 and 2006, with the method of fact-finding investigation with cross-sectional cluster sampling, to establish the height-weight indices in newborns of different gestational ages.

RESULTSFive gender-specific height-weight indices (Quetelet Index, QI; Kaup Index, KI; Rohrer Index, RI; Livi Index, LI; Polock Index, PI) in newborns of different gestational ages (28-44 weeks of gestation) in three different groups (boys+girls, boys, and girls) were established in Shenzhen, China, and were expressed as mean gestational weeks±SD. The five indices above all increased with increasing gestational age, and the highest values appeared at 41-43 gestational weeks, suggesting that body density and enrichment degree increased constantly with increasing gestational age. Three indices (QI, KI and PI) were higher in boys than in girls (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSWith the increasing gestational age, the body density and enrichment degree of newborns increase, and the enrichment degree in boys is better than that in girls.

Body Height ; Body Weight ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Sex Characteristics

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of imported cases of dengue fever in Guangdong province (GD) and in I-long Kong (HK) during 2004-2006 to provide evidence for further cooperation in the prevention and control programs on dengue fever in the two places.Methods Descriptive statistical analysis was performed on data obtained from dengue fever surveillance and reporting network in GD and from Centre for Health Protection,Department of Health,HK.Results Both from GD and HK 44 and 93 imported cases of Dengue fever were reported during 2004-2006.Most patients from GD acquired their infection from Singapore (13 cases),Indonesia (9 cases) or Cambodia (6 cases) while patients in HK mainly were imported from Indonesia (31 cases),the Philippines (16 cases) and Thailand (15 cases).The peak seasons of the two places were both from July to September.During the non-peak season period,the number of cases in Hong Kong was higher than that in Guangdong.Male/ female ratio was 1.2 : 1 in GD and 1.1 : 1 in HK.Age of patients in GD appeared to range from 6-80 years,with 63.6% (28/44) of them aged 20-39 years.40.9% (18/44) of the cases were engaged in business,services,housework or unemployed.Those cases in HK were between 10-72 years of age,with 63.6%(28/44) of them aged 20-39 years while 47.3%(44/93) of the patients were with the occupation of business,services and industry.More cases in GD had a onset of disease before entering the border (27 : 17) than the cases in HK (35 : 57).The average time interval between onset and diagnosis were 7 and 9 days for GD and HK respectively.Conclusion Frequent travel between Southeast Asia in summer among the working class appeared to be the main factor,causing imported cases of dengue fever in GDand HK.It is crucial to provide health education targeted at these high risk groups in order to prevent importation of dengue fever in the two areas.