Background: and Purpose Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) following endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is a severe complication associated with adverse functional outcomes and increased mortality rates. Currently, a reliable predictive model for sICH risk after EVT is lacking. Methods: This study used data from patients aged ≥20 years who underwent EVT for anterior circulation stroke from the nationwide Taiwan Registry of Endovascular Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke (TREAT-AIS). A predictive model including factors associated with an increased risk of sICH after EVT was developed to differentiate between patients with and without sICH. This model was compared existing predictive models using nationwide registry data to evaluate its relative performance. Results: Of the 2,507 identified patients, 158 developed sICH after EVT. Factors such as diastolic blood pressure, Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score, platelet count, glucose level, collateral score, and successful reperfusion were associated with the risk of sICH after EVT. The TREAT-AIS score demonstrated acceptable predictive accuracy (area under the curve [AUC]=0.694), with higher scores being associated with an increased risk of sICH (odds ratio=2.01 per score increase, 95% confidence interval=1.64–2.45, P<0.001). The discriminatory capacity of the score was similar in patients with symptom onset beyond 6 hours (AUC=0.705). Compared to existing models, the TREAT-AIS score consistently exhibited superior predictive accuracy, although this difference was marginal. Conclusions The TREAT-AIS score outperformed existing models, and demonstrated an acceptable discriminatory capacity for distinguishing patients according to sICH risk levels. However, the differences between models were only marginal. Further research incorporating periprocedural and postprocedural factors is required to improve the predictive accuracy.

Ulcerative colitis（UC） is a chronic non-specific inflammatory bowel disease characterized by inflammation and ulceration of the colonic mucosa and submucosa， and its complex pathogenesis involves immune abnormality， oxidative stress and other factors. The nuclear transcription factor E₂-related factor 2（Nrf2）， encoded by the Nfe212 gene， plays a central role in antioxidant responses. It not only activates various antioxidant response elements such as heme oxygenase-1（HO-1） and quinone oxidoreductase 1（NQO1）， but also enhances the activity of glutathione-S-transferase（GST） and superoxide dismutase 1（SOD1）， effectively eliminating reactive oxygen species（ROS） accumulated in the body， and mitigating oxidative stress-induced damage to intestinal mucosa. In addition， Nrf2 can reduce the release of inflammatory factors and infiltration of immune cells by regulating immune response， cell apoptosis and autophagy pathways， thereby alleviating intestinal inflammation and promoting the repair and regeneration of damaged mucosa. Based on this， this paper reviews the research progress of Chinese materia medica in the prevention and treatment of UC by modulating the Nrf2 signaling pathway. It deeply explores the physiological role of Nrf2， the molecular mechanism of activation， the protective effect in the pathological process of UC， and how active ingredients in Chinese materia medica regulate the Nrf2 signaling pathway through multiple pathways to exert their potential mechanisms. These studies have revealed in depth that Chinese materia medica can effectively combat oxidative stress by regulating the Nrf2 signaling pathway. It can also play a role in anti-inflammatory， promoting autophagy， inhibiting apoptosis， protecting the intestinal mucosal barrier， and promoting intestinal mucosal repair， providing new ideas and methods for the multi-faceted treatment of UC.

Background: and Purpose Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) following endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is a severe complication associated with adverse functional outcomes and increased mortality rates. Currently, a reliable predictive model for sICH risk after EVT is lacking. Methods: This study used data from patients aged ≥20 years who underwent EVT for anterior circulation stroke from the nationwide Taiwan Registry of Endovascular Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke (TREAT-AIS). A predictive model including factors associated with an increased risk of sICH after EVT was developed to differentiate between patients with and without sICH. This model was compared existing predictive models using nationwide registry data to evaluate its relative performance. Results: Of the 2,507 identified patients, 158 developed sICH after EVT. Factors such as diastolic blood pressure, Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score, platelet count, glucose level, collateral score, and successful reperfusion were associated with the risk of sICH after EVT. The TREAT-AIS score demonstrated acceptable predictive accuracy (area under the curve [AUC]=0.694), with higher scores being associated with an increased risk of sICH (odds ratio=2.01 per score increase, 95% confidence interval=1.64–2.45, P<0.001). The discriminatory capacity of the score was similar in patients with symptom onset beyond 6 hours (AUC=0.705). Compared to existing models, the TREAT-AIS score consistently exhibited superior predictive accuracy, although this difference was marginal. Conclusions The TREAT-AIS score outperformed existing models, and demonstrated an acceptable discriminatory capacity for distinguishing patients according to sICH risk levels. However, the differences between models were only marginal. Further research incorporating periprocedural and postprocedural factors is required to improve the predictive accuracy.

Background: and Purpose Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) following endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is a severe complication associated with adverse functional outcomes and increased mortality rates. Currently, a reliable predictive model for sICH risk after EVT is lacking. Methods: This study used data from patients aged ≥20 years who underwent EVT for anterior circulation stroke from the nationwide Taiwan Registry of Endovascular Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke (TREAT-AIS). A predictive model including factors associated with an increased risk of sICH after EVT was developed to differentiate between patients with and without sICH. This model was compared existing predictive models using nationwide registry data to evaluate its relative performance. Results: Of the 2,507 identified patients, 158 developed sICH after EVT. Factors such as diastolic blood pressure, Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score, platelet count, glucose level, collateral score, and successful reperfusion were associated with the risk of sICH after EVT. The TREAT-AIS score demonstrated acceptable predictive accuracy (area under the curve [AUC]=0.694), with higher scores being associated with an increased risk of sICH (odds ratio=2.01 per score increase, 95% confidence interval=1.64–2.45, P<0.001). The discriminatory capacity of the score was similar in patients with symptom onset beyond 6 hours (AUC=0.705). Compared to existing models, the TREAT-AIS score consistently exhibited superior predictive accuracy, although this difference was marginal. Conclusions The TREAT-AIS score outperformed existing models, and demonstrated an acceptable discriminatory capacity for distinguishing patients according to sICH risk levels. However, the differences between models were only marginal. Further research incorporating periprocedural and postprocedural factors is required to improve the predictive accuracy.

Objective Th is aim of this review was to clarify the role of neutrophils in diabetes by summarizing the characterization studies,potential trends,and research hotspots relating to neutrophils in the diabetes research field.Methods 2998 relevant studies on neutrophils in the diabetes research field indexed in Web of Science from 2010 to 2023 were retrieved,and a visual analysis of the relevant literature was conducted using CiteSpace 6.1.R6.Results Since 2012,the number of publications on this topic has grown rapidly.Bayat Mohammad,Liu Tong,Amini Abdollah,and Zhang Rui are high-yield authors,with seven related articles published.China and Shanghai Jiao Tong University are the country and institution with the most published papers.The most influential journal in this field is"Nature Medicine".Literature co-citation analysis of topics related to diabetes showed that the greatest focus is currently on"extracellular trap"and"COVID-19 patient".Co-occurrence analysis,clustering analysis,and keyword burst analysis indicated that"lymphocyte ratio"(13.08)and"neutrophil extracellular trap"(7.2)are the most researched topics in the field of neutrophils and diabetes.Literature in this field mainly focuses on"myocardial infarction","endothelial","oxidative stress",and"apoptosis".Conclusions This article highlights the evolving trends in research into neutrophils in the diabetes field using CiteSpace,providing new insights for researchers aiming to conduct research in this area.

Objective:To investigate the relative expression level and clinical significance of LINC00475 in serum of patients with multiple myeloma(MM).Methods:The expression of LINC00475 in serum of 108 MM patients and five MM cell lines including RPMI 8226,NCI-H929,U266,OPM2 and CAG were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.The diagnostic value of LINC00475 in MM was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis.The correlation of LINC00475 with patients'characteristics was analyzed.Results:Compared with control groups,the expression of LINC00475 was up-regulated in serum of MM patients and MM cell lines(all P＜0.05).ROC curve analysis showed that the optimal cut-off value of LINC00475 was 262.4,the area under curve(AUC)was 0.924(95％CI:0.884-0.964),and sensitivity and specificity was 83.3％and 91.7％,respectively,which indicated that LINC00475 had good evaluation value in MM patients.Compared with low-LINC00475 expression group,patients in high-LINC00475 expression group had higher levels of β2-microglobulin(β2-MG)and Cystatin C(Cys-C)but lower albumin(ALB)(all P＜0.05).Compared with MM patients with International Staging System(ISS)stage I,the expression level of LINC00475 was significantly higher in patients with stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ(both P＜0.05).Conclusion:LINC00475 is helpful to distinguish MM patients from healthy adults,which is correlated with the prognostic indicators such as β2-MG,ALB,and ISS stage.

Objective:To investigate the molecular mechanism and distribution characteristics of RhD negative phenotypes in Han population of blood donors in Wuhu city.Methods:A total of 210 RhD-samples from August 2021 to August 2022 were screened by serological test and collected from Wuhu Central Blood Station for the voluntary blood donor population.Exons 1 and 10 of the RHD gene were amplificated by PCR to determine whether the samples had the RHD gene.Exons 1-10 of the RHD gene were amplificated by PCR and zygosity analysis were performed in 82 samples containing D gene,and Sanger sequencing was performed on 55 samples containing all RHD exons to determine the genotype.Results:Among 210 RhD-specimens,128 cases(60.38％)had RHD gene deletion.27 cases had partial exons of RHD,including 2 cases with RHD*DVI.3/RHD*01N.01,24 cases with RHD*01N.04/RHD*01N.01,and 1 case with RHD-CE(2-10)/RHD*01N.01.55 cases had retained all of 10 exons,including 4 cases with RHD*01/RHD*01N.01,6 cases with RHD*15/RHD*01N.01,1 case with RHD*01W.72/RHD*01N.01,1 case with RHD*15/RHD*01EL.01,39 cases with RHD*01EL.01/RHD*01N.01,and the remaining 4 cases were determined to have no RHD gene deletion by zygosity analysis and sequencing showed the presence of 1227G＞A mutation loci.Conclusion:There is polymorphism in the molecular mechanism of RhD-D gene in Wuhu blood donor population,among which RHD*01EL.01 and RHD*15 are the main variants in this region.The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for RhD blood group identification and clinical blood transfusion in this region.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of pneumococcal meningitis(PM),and drug sensitivity of Streptococcus pneumoniae(SP)isolates in Chinese children.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical information,laboratory data,and microbiological data of 160 hospitalized children under 15 years old with PM from January 2019 to December 2020 in 33 tertiary hospitals across the country.Results Among the 160 children with PM,there were 103 males and 57 females.The age ranged from 15 days to 15 years,with 109 cases(68.1% )aged 3 months to under 3 years.SP strains were isolated from 95 cases(59.4% )in cerebrospinal fluid cultures and from 57 cases(35.6% )in blood cultures.The positive rates of SP detection by cerebrospinal fluid metagenomic next-generation sequencing and cerebrospinal fluid SP antigen testing were 40% (35/87)and 27% (21/78),respectively.Fifty-five cases(34.4% )had one or more risk factors for purulent meningitis,113 cases(70.6% )had one or more extra-cranial infectious foci,and 18 cases(11.3% )had underlying diseases.The most common clinical symptoms were fever(147 cases,91.9% ),followed by lethargy(98 cases,61.3% )and vomiting(61 cases,38.1% ).Sixty-nine cases(43.1% )experienced intracranial complications during hospitalization,with subdural effusion and/or empyema being the most common complication[43 cases(26.9% )],followed by hydrocephalus in 24 cases(15.0% ),brain abscess in 23 cases(14.4% ),and cerebral hemorrhage in 8 cases(5.0% ).Subdural effusion and/or empyema and hydrocephalus mainly occurred in children under 1 year old,with rates of 91% (39/43)and 83% (20/24),respectively.SP strains exhibited complete sensitivity to vancomycin(100% ,75/75),linezolid(100% ,56/56),and meropenem(100% ,6/6).High sensitivity rates were also observed for levofloxacin(81% ,22/27),moxifloxacin(82% ,14/17),rifampicin(96% ,25/26),and chloramphenicol(91% ,21/23).However,low sensitivity rates were found for penicillin(16% ,11/68)and clindamycin(6% ,1/17),and SP strains were completely resistant to erythromycin(100% ,31/31).The rates of discharge with cure and improvement were 22.5% (36/160)and 66.2% (106/160),respectively,while 18 cases(11.3% )had adverse outcomes.Conclusions Pediatric PM is more common in children aged 3 months to under 3 years.Intracranial complications are more frequently observed in children under 1 year old.Fever is the most common clinical manifestation of PM,and subdural effusion/emphysema and hydrocephalus are the most frequent complications.Non-culture detection methods for cerebrospinal fluid can improve pathogen detection rates.Adverse outcomes can be noted in more than 10% of PM cases.SP strains are high sensitivity to vancomycin,linezolid,meropenem,levofloxacin,moxifloxacin,rifampicin,and chloramphenicol.[Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics,2024,26(2):131-138]

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Yangxue Sanhan Tongmai Prescription(derived from the modification of Danggui Sini plus Wuzhuyu Shengjiang Decoction,i.e.,Danggui Sini Decoction with Euodiae Fructus and Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens added)for the treatment of endometriosis(EMS)of blood deficiency and cold coagulation type.Methods A total of 120 cases of EMS with blood deficiency and cold coagulation syndrome were randomly divided into the study group and the control group,with 60 cases in each group.The study group was treated with Yangxue Sanhan Tongmai Prescription,and the control group was treated with Shaofu Zhuyu Granules.Both groups were treated for a period of 3 months,and were followed up for one year after the completion of the treatment.The two groups were observed in the changes of the visual analogue scale(VAS)scores of menstrual abdominal pain,the grading scores of dysmenorrhea,non-menstrual pelvic pain,pain during sexual intercourse,pelvic pressure pain and sacral ligament tenderness,the size of ovarian endometriosis cysts,and the serum levels of carbohydrate antigen 125(CA125),vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1(SICAM-1),matrix metalloproteinase 9(MMP-9)and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2(TIMP-2).After treatment,the clinical efficacy and safety,recurrence and pregnancy in the two groups were evaluated.Results(1)In the course of the trial,3 cases fell off in the study group and 5 cases fell off in the control group,and a total of 112 patients were eventually included in the statistical analysis,including 57 cases in the study group and 55 cases in the control group.(2)After 3 months of treatment,the total effective rate in the study group was 92.98%(53/57)and that in the control group was 85.45%(47/55),and the intergroup comparison showed that the efficacy of the study group was significantly superior to that of the control group(P＜0.05).(3)After treatment,VAS scores of menstrual abdominal pain and the grading scores of dysmenorrhea,non-menstrual pelvic pain,pain during sexual intercourse,pelvic pressure pain and sacral ligament tenderness in the two groups were significantly reduced compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05),and the reduction in the study group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.05).(4)After treatment,the ovarian endometriosis cysts of the two groups were slightly reduced,but the intragroup pre-and post-treatment differences and the intergroup post-treatment differences were not statistically significant(P＞0.05).(5)After treatment,the levels of serum CA125,VEGF,SICAM-1 and MMP-9 were decreased and the serum TIMP-2 level was increased in both groups compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05).And the decrease of serum CA125,VEGF,SICAM-1 and MMP-9 as well as the increase of serum TIMP-2 in the study group were significantly superior to those in the control group(P＜0.05).(6)The results of one-year follow-up showed that the recurrence rate of the study group was 30.19%(16/53),which was significantly lower than that of the control group(68.09%,32/47),and the difference was statistically significant between the two groups(P＜0.05).In the study group,there were 21 patients having the fertility desire,and then 14 cases of them were pregnant after treatment,with a pregnancy rate of 66.67%(14/21);in the control group,there were 20 cases having fertility desire,and then 4 cases of them were pregnant after treatment,with a pregnancy rate of 20.00%(4/20).The intergroup comparison showed that the pregnancy rate of the study group was significantly higher than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).(7)During the treatment period,there were no obvious adverse reactions in the two groups,and there were no abnormal changes in the safety indexes of blood,urine,and stool routine test,electrocardiogram,and liver and kidney function.Conclusion Yangxue Sanhan Tongmai Prescription exerts certain effect in treating patients with endometriosis of blood deficiency and cold coagulation type,which can significantly alleviate various pain symptoms,improve pregnancy outcomes,and effectively regulate the levels of serum CA125,VEGF,SICAM-1,MMP-9 and TIMP-2 of the patients.

Objective:To compare the therapeutic effects of modified plantar skin grafting and thigh skin grafting on the deep burn wounds of the back and buttocks.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 30 patients with deep burn wounds on their back and buttocks who were admitted to the 910th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA from January 2021 to April 2023, including 26 males and 4 females, aged 21-72 years [(49.9±14.0)years]. The total burn size was 50%-97% of the total body surface area (TBSA), with the third-degree burn on the back and buttocks 6%-16% TBSA. The burn wounds on the back and buttocks were repaired using plantar skin grafts alone, thigh skin grafts alone or plantar skin grafts combined with the grafts from other body parts. The patients were grouped according to the skin graft donor sites and the times of harvesting skin grafts: there were 20 patients undergone plantar skin grafting including 10 patient with plantar skin graft harvested once (group of plantar skin graft harvested once) and 10 patients with plantar skin graft harvested twice or three times (group of plantar skin graft harvested more than once), and 10 patients undergone thigh skin grafting harvested once (group of thigh skin graft harvested once). The areas of plantar skin grafts harvested at the last time and the wound areas on the back and butts that could be repaired each time were calculated. After the last harvest, the thickness of the stratum corneum, 7-day survival rate of the skin grafts, proportion of 3-month residual wound area in the skin graft area, healing time of the donor sites, and 6-month Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) scores of the donor sites in the group of plantar skin graft harvested once were compared with those in the group of thigh skin graft harvested once and the group of plantar skin graft harvested more than once. The appearance and texture of the skin graft, patients′ walking patterns and complications were observed at 6 months after the last skin harvest.Results:All the patients were followed up for 6-18 months [(7.8±1.6)months]. In the 20 patients with plantar skin grafts harvested, the areas of skin grafts harvested at the last time were 2.5%-4.5% TBSA [(3.4±0.6)% TBSA] and the wound areas that could be repaired each time were 3%-8% TBSA [(5.5±1.5)% TBSA]. After the last harvest, the thickness of the stratum corneum in the group of plantar skin graft harvested once was (190.4±8.9)μm, which was significantly thicker than that in the group of thigh skin graft harvested once [(50.0±6.6)μm] and that in the group of plantar skin graft harvested more than once [(166.8±21.9)μm] ( P<0.01); the 7-day survival rate of the skin grafts, proportion of 3-month residual wound area in the skin graft area, healing time of the donor sites, and 6-month VSS scores of the donor sites were (93.6±2.3)%, 2.0 (0.1, 3.5)%, (9.9±1.8)days and (1.7±0.7)points in the group of plantar skin graft harvested once, (78.0±6.6)%, 5.3 (4.0, 5.8)%, (14.0±1.4)days and (4.9±2.3)points in the group of thigh skin graft harvested once, and (93.4±2.6) %, 2.0 (0.1, 3.8)%, (10.0±1.2)days and (1.8±0.8)points in the group of plantar skin graft harvested more than once. The group of plantar skin graft harvested once showed a significant increase in the 7-day survival rate and a significant decrease in the proportion of 3-month residual wound area in the skin graft area, healing time of the donor sites, and 6-month VSS scores of the donor sites in comparison with the group of thigh skin graft harvested once ( P<0.05 or 0.01), while there were no significant differences in above mentioned indices between the group of plantar skin graft harvested once and the group of plantar skin graft harvested more than once ( P>0.05). At 6 months after the last skin harvest, the skin graft areas on the back and buttocks were flat, hard and firm and all the patients in the three groups could walk normally, with no complications such as severe itching, pain or folliculitis in the skin graft area. Conclusions:In the treatment of burn wounds on the back and buttocks, compared with thigh skin grafting, modified plantar skin grafting has advantages of thicker stratum corneum, better wear resistance and pressure resistance in the skin graft areas, a higher survival rate of skin grafts, rapid healing, mild scar, and undisturbed walking pattern after surgery and no common complications. Moreover, skin grafts can be harvested repeatedly from the donor sites, with no impact on the therapeutic effects.