Objective To investigate the effect of Kaixinsan(KXS,a traditional Chinese medicine formula)for alleviating adriamycin-induced depression-like behaviors in mice bearing breast cancer xenografts and explore the pharmacological mechanism.Methods Forty female BALB/c mice were randomized equally into control group,model group,and low-and high-dose KXS treatment groups,and in the latter 3 groups,mouse models bearing orthotopic breast cancer 4T1 cell xenografts were established and treated with adriamycin along with saline or KXS via gavage.Depression-like behaviors of the mice were assessed using open field test and elevated plus-maze test,and the changes in serum levels of depression-related factors were examined.RNA-seq analysis and transmission electron microscopy were used and ferroptosis-related factors were detected to explore the mechanisms of adriamycin-induced depression and the therapeutic mechanism of KXS.The results were verified in SH-SY5Y cells using ferroptosis inhibitor Fer-1 as the positive control.Results KXS significantly alleviated depression-like behaviors and depression-related serological changes induced by adriamycin in the mouse models.RNA-seq results suggested that KXS alleviated chemotherapy-induced depression by regulating oxidative stress,lipid metabolism and iron ion binding in the prefrontal cortex.Pathological analysis and detection of ferroptosis-related factors showed that KXS significantly reduced ferroptosis in the prefrontal cortex of adriamycin-treated mice.In SH-SY5Y cells,both KXS-medicated serum and the ferroptosis inhibitor were capable of attenuating adriamycin-induced cell ferroptosis.Conclusion KXS alleviates adriamycin-induced depression-like behaviors in mice by reducing ferroptosis in the prefrontal cortex of breast cancer-bearing mice.

Objective To investigate the effect of Kaixinsan(KXS,a traditional Chinese medicine formula)for alleviating adriamycin-induced depression-like behaviors in mice bearing breast cancer xenografts and explore the pharmacological mechanism.Methods Forty female BALB/c mice were randomized equally into control group,model group,and low-and high-dose KXS treatment groups,and in the latter 3 groups,mouse models bearing orthotopic breast cancer 4T1 cell xenografts were established and treated with adriamycin along with saline or KXS via gavage.Depression-like behaviors of the mice were assessed using open field test and elevated plus-maze test,and the changes in serum levels of depression-related factors were examined.RNA-seq analysis and transmission electron microscopy were used and ferroptosis-related factors were detected to explore the mechanisms of adriamycin-induced depression and the therapeutic mechanism of KXS.The results were verified in SH-SY5Y cells using ferroptosis inhibitor Fer-1 as the positive control.Results KXS significantly alleviated depression-like behaviors and depression-related serological changes induced by adriamycin in the mouse models.RNA-seq results suggested that KXS alleviated chemotherapy-induced depression by regulating oxidative stress,lipid metabolism and iron ion binding in the prefrontal cortex.Pathological analysis and detection of ferroptosis-related factors showed that KXS significantly reduced ferroptosis in the prefrontal cortex of adriamycin-treated mice.In SH-SY5Y cells,both KXS-medicated serum and the ferroptosis inhibitor were capable of attenuating adriamycin-induced cell ferroptosis.Conclusion KXS alleviates adriamycin-induced depression-like behaviors in mice by reducing ferroptosis in the prefrontal cortex of breast cancer-bearing mice.

Objective To observe the change in the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)1 year after trauma exposure and analyze the risk factors of PTSD 1 year after trauma exposure.Methods Convenience sampling was conducted at the initial outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic and 1 year later,respectively.Participants participated in the anonymous online survey.The survey consisted of 2 self-completed questionnaires:1 collected personal information(gender,age,education level,occupation)and subjective sleep quality;the other is the PTSD checklist(PCL-5)from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,5th edition.Valid questionnaires of 2 091 and 2 092 were respectively retrieved at the initial stage of trauma exposure and 1 year later.Results The prevalence of PTSD at the initial stage of trauma exposure was 5.3％(111/2 091)and 1 year after trauma exposure was 19.1％(399/2 092).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age(P＜0.01),gender(P＜0.01),and subjective sleep quality(P＜0.01)were risk factors related to PTSD.Conclusions One year after trauma exposure,the prevalence of PTSD increases.Psychological intervention measures should be given at the early stage of trauma exposure,and special attention should be paid to young individuals,women,and those with sleep disorders.

Objective To provide a longitudinal evaluation tool based on the frequency of aggressive be-havior for the aggression assessment of schizophrenia patients.Methods The Life History of Aggression was translated and revised to form the Life History of Aggression-Chinese Version(LHA-CV)based on 369 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia in the Chengdu community and compulsory medical insti-tution.The reliability of LHA-CV was analyzed by means of split-half reliability,test-retest reliability and inter-evaluator consistency.The validity was analyzed by item analysis,construct validity and crite-rion validity.Results Item analysis found that LHA-CV had good homogeneity and discriminant validity.Exploratory factor analysis found that the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin(KMO)test value was 0.80,and the Bartlett's sphericity test χ2=1203.46(P<0.05),and it revealed four factors including non-physical ag-gression,physical aggression,self-directed aggression and antisocial behavior/consequences.The factor loadings for all 11 items were greater than 0.40.Confirmatory factor analysis was performed on the factor model,Chi-square degree of freedom(χ2/df)was 3.61,root mean square error of approxima-tion(RMSEA)was 0.07,goodness-of-fit index(GFI)was 0.92,comparative fit index(CFI)was 0.90,incremental fit index(IFI)was 0.90,and the discriminant validity of each factor was good.The criterion validity test showed the total score of LHA-CV was positively correlated with the aggressive behavior level of MacArthur Community Violence Instrument,the total score of Buss-Perry Aggression Scale,and the score of Antisocial Personality Disorder Subscale of Personality Diagnostic Question-naire-4th Edition Plus(PDQ-4+_ASPD,P<0.05).The Cronbach's α coefficient of non-physical aggres-sion,physical aggression,self-directed aggression,antisocial behavior/consequences and LHA-CV total score were 0.82,0.73,0.74,0.56 and 0.79,respectively.The test-retest reliability,Spearman-Brown split-half reliability and intra-class correlation coefficient of LHA-CV total score were 0.82(P<0.05),0.66 and 0.99,respectively.Conclusion LHA-CV has good reliability and validity,and can be used as an evaluation tool for longitudinally assessing aggressive behavior in schizophrenia patients.

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.

Objective: To understand the coincidence rate of adjustable and non adjustable desks and chairs in primary and secondary schools in Shanghai, so as to provide a reference for the effective management of desks and chairs in schools. Methods: Stratified random cluster sampling was applied to measure 1 091 sets of desks and chairs in 33 classrooms of 7 primary and secondary schools in 4 districts of Shanghai including Huangpu, Hongkou, Yangpu and Jiading districts. The height examination data of seated students in the same semester were also collected to evaluate the matching type of functional size of desks and chairs and students height according to Functional Sizes and Technical Requirements of Chairs and Tables for Educational Institutions. Results: The matching coincidence rate of desk and chair distribution in primary and secondary schools was 22.5%, and the matching coincidence rates of primary, middle and high schools were 11.7%, 27.1% and 40.9% respectively ( χ 2=83.23, P <0.01); the matching coincidence rate of adjustable desks and chairs (28.2%) was significantly higher than that of fixed (18.2%) ( χ 2=14.49, P <0.01). The type of distribution of desks and chairs that do not correspond to national standards, from elementary school to high school, showing a trend of high desks with high chairs, low desks with high chairs to high desks with low chairs. Conclusion The coincidence rate of desk and chair distribution in primary and secondary schools is low, and the adjustable desks and chairs has improved the problems to a certain extent, but has not significantly improved the coincidence rate. It is necessary to further explore the effective management mode in the use of adjustable desks and chairs and improve the current situation of the use of desks and chairs in schools.

【Objective】 To investigate dynamic regional homogeneity (dReHo) abnormality in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients by using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). 【Methods】 A total of 26 ESRD patients and 26 healthy controls (HC) matched in gender, education level and age were included. Rs-fMRI scanning was performed in all subjects. All the subjects were tested by using auditory verbal learning test Huashan version (AVLT-H) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) to assess cognitive function before collection of MRI data. T-test was used to observe the difference in dReHo at global level between the two groups. Pearson and Spearman correlation analyses were made to estimate the correlation between abnormal brain regions and clinical scales. 【Results】 Compared with HC group, the dReHo value in ESRD patients reduced on the bilateral superior margin gyrus, left insula, left posterior central gyrus, and left putamen (P<0.05, replacement test correction). The dReHo values of left superior margin gyrus (r=-0.534, P=0.005) and left insula in ESRD patients (r=-0.422, P=0.032) were negatively correlated with the LR-S score, and the dReHo value of the left margin was negatively correlated with the SR-S score (r=-0.468, P=0.016). 【Conclusion】 There are abnormal dReHo values in several brain regions in ESRD patients during resting state, which is related to the patients’ cognitive function. The variation of dReHo value provides a new objective imaging basis for evaluating the cognitive function of ESRD patients.

Objective: To explore the relationship between nutrient-related dietary pattern and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in middle-aged and elderly people. Methods: A total of 6 444 middle-aged and elderly people aged ≥55 years were selected in 2018 China Health and Nutrition Survey. MCI was evaluated by Mini-Mental State Examination, and the intakes of various foods were obtained by consecutive 3-day 24-hour dietary survey and weighing method. The intakes of various nutrients and total dietary energy were calculated based on the food composition table. Demographic and social information, lifestyle and health status of the respondents were obtained through questionnaire survey and physical measurements. In this study, vitamin C, vitamin E, zinc, iron, copper and selenium were selected as dependent variables. Nutrient-related dietary patterns were extracted by reduced rank regression method, and the relationship between dietary patterns and MCI was analyzed by multivariate logistic regression model. Results: Six dietary patterns were extracted in this study, and dietary pattern 1 with the highest explanatory degree was selected for subsequent analysis. Dietary pattern 1 was characterized by higher intakes of legume products, vegetables, fruits, nuts, pork, aquatic products and plant oil. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of MCI was lower in Q₄ dietary score group than in Q₁ dietary score group (OR=0.69, 95%CI: 0.49-0.98) in the 55-64 age group. In people with sleep duration of 8 hours per day, the risk of MCI was reduced in Q₂, Q₃ and Q₄ dietary score groups compared with the Q₁ dietary score group, with OR values of 0.68 (95%CI: 0.51-0.92), 0.67 (95%CI: 0.49-0.92) and 0.65 (95%CI: 0.45-0.92), respectively. Interaction analysis showed that the risk for MCI increased in those aged 65-74 years and ≥75 years compared with those aged 55-64 years in Q₁ dietary score group. However, the risk for MCI decreased in both age groups as dietary pattern scores increased. Compared with those with sleep duration less or more than 8 hours per day in Q₁ dietary score group, those with sleep duration of 8 hours per day in Q₂ and Q₃ dietary score groups had a reduced risk for MCI. Conclusion: Dietary patterns with higher intakes of legume products, vegetables, fruits, nuts, pork, aquatic products, and plant oil are negatively associated with MCI in people aged 55-64 years and those who slept 8 hours per day, and may reduce the risk of MCI with aging.
Aged ; Middle Aged ; Humans ; Feeding Behavior/psychology* ; Diet ; Cognitive Dysfunction/epidemiology* ; Nutrients ; Vegetables ; China/epidemiology*

Objective:To understand the radioactivity levels of water source in five key cities of Chengdu, Yibin, Mianyang, Guangyuan, Leshan in Sichuan province, and evaluate the radiation safety of these water sources.Methods:From 2016 to 2020, the measuring site selection, sampling and analysis were made for measuring the radioactivity levels of total alpha, total beta, 90Sr, 137Cs, 226Ra, U, Th in drinking water sources in these five cities. Reference was made, respectively, to the national standards Determination of total α radioactivity concentration in water thick source method (EJ/T 1075-1998), Determination of total β radioactivity in water evaporation method (EJ/T 900-1994), Radiochemical analysis method of strontium-90 in water and biological samples ash (HJ 815-2016), radiochemical analysis of cesium-137 in the ash of water and biological samples (HJ 816-2016), Analysis and determination of radium-226 in water (GB 11214-1989), Analysis of trace uranium in environmental samples -3 laser fluorescence law (HJ 840-2017), and Food safety in the test of radioactive substances in food determination of natural thorium and uranium (GB 14883.7-2016). Results:The activity concentration ranges from 0.011 to 0.076 Bq/L for total alpha, 0.027 to 0.098 Bq/L for total beta, 0.21 to 0.45 mBq/L for 137Cs, 1.0 to 2.4 mBq/L for 90Sr, 6.1 to 16.0 mBq/L for 226Ra, 0.06 to 0.21 μg/L for Th, and 0.73 to 3.30 μg/L for U. There were no significant differences in the concentrations of total alpha, total beta, 90Sr, 137Cs, 226Ra, U and Th in different water sources and different years ( P>0.05). There were no significant differences in the concentrations of total alpha, total beta, 90Sr, 137Cs and 226Ra during different water periods ( P>0.05). There were statistical differences in U activity concentration in different water periods ( H=16.53, P<0.05), and statistical differences in Th activity concentration in different water periods ( H=15.61, P<0.05). Conclusions:The survey showed that the total alpha, total beta, 90Sr, 137Cs, 226Ra, U and Th radioactivity levels in drinking water sources in Chengdu, Yibin, Mianyang, Guangyuan and Leshan of Sichuan province were at the same level as the relevant data in the Natural environmental radioactivity level in China published by the State Environmental Protection Bureau in 1995. All of there values were within the data range released by the 2013-2021 National Radiation Environment Monitoring Quality Report issued by the Radiation Environment Monitoring Technology Center of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment. The radioactivity level in water sources in the five key cities was at a safe level.

The Baimai Ointment with the effect of relaxing sinew and activating collaterals demonstrates a definite effect on Baimai disease with pain, spasm, stiffness and other symptoms, while the pharmacodynamic characteristics and mechanism of this agent remain unclear. In this study, a rat model of chronic compression of L4 dorsal root ganglion(CCD) was established by lumbar disc herniation, and the efficacy and mechanism of Baimai Ointment in the treatment of CCD were preliminarily explored by behavioral tests, side effect evaluation, network analysis, antagonist and molecular biology verification. The pharmacodynamic experiment indicated that Baimai Ointment significantly improved the pain thresholds(mechanical pain, thermal pain, and cold pain) and gait behavior of CCD model rats without causing tolerance or obvious toxic and side effects. Baimai Ointment inhibited the second-phase nociceptive response of mice in the formalin test, increased the hot plate threshold of normal mice, and down-regulated the expression of inflammatory cytokines in the spinal cord. Network analysis showed that Baimai Ointment had synergistic effect in the treatment of CCD and was related to descending inhibition/facilitation system and neuroinflammation. Furthermore, behavioral tests, Western blot, and immunofluorescence assay revealed that the pain-relieving effect of Baimai Ointment on CCD may be related to the regulation of the interaction between neuroactive ligand and receptors(neuroligands) such as CHRNA7, ADRA2A, and ADRB2, and the down-regulation of the expression of NOS2/pERK/PI3K, the core regulatory element of HIF-1 signaling pathway in spinal microglia. The findings preliminarily reveal the mechanism of relaxing sinew and activating collaterals of Baimai Ointment in the treatment of Baimai disease, providing a reference for the rational drug use and further research of this agent.
Rats ; Mice ; Animals ; Chronic Pain/metabolism* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Ganglia, Spinal/metabolism* ; Ligands ; Signal Transduction ; Hyperalgesia/metabolism* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal