This paper systematically reviews the current status of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori （Hp） infection， as well as recent progress in clinical and basic research both in China and internationally. It summarizes the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） in Hp infection management， including improving Hp eradication rates， enhancing antibiotic sensitivity， reducing antimicrobial resistance， decreasing drug-related adverse effects， and ameliorating gastric mucosal lesions. These advantages are particularly evident in patients who are intolerant to bismuth-containing regimens， those with refractory Hp infection， and individuals with precancerous gastric lesions. An integrated， whole-process management approach and individualized， staged comprehensive treatment strategies combining TCM and western medicine are proposed for Hp infection. Future prevention and control of Hp infection should adopt an integrative Chinese-western medical strategy， emphasizing prevention， strengthening primary care， implementing proactive long-term monitoring， optimizing screening strategies， and advancing the development of novel technologies and mechanistic studies of Chinese herbal interventions. These efforts aim to provide a theoretical basis and practical pathways for the establishment and improvement of Hp infection prevention and control systems.

Objective To explore the clinical factors influencing complete response in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT). Methods Clinical data of LARC patients treated in the Department of Radiation Oncology at Beijing Shijitan Hospital between January 2013 and December 2024 were retrospectively collected. All patients received nCRT, after which surgery or a watch-and-wait approach was adopted based on treatment response. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors influencing complete response. A clinical prediction model was constructed based on the multivariable analysis results, and its predictive performance was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic curve. Results A total of 113 eligible patients were included. After nCRT, 19 patients (16.8%) achieved complete response, including 3 with clinical complete response and 16 with pathological complete response. Univariable analysis indicated that pretreatment clinical N stage, extramural venous invasion, carcinoembryonic antigen level, and neoadjuvant treatment regimen were associated with complete response after nCRT (P<0.05). Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified pretreatment extramural venous invasion, carcinoembryonic antigen level, and neoadjuvant treatment regimen as independent influencing factors for complete response (P<0.05). A prediction model incorporating these independent factors yielded an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.813 (95% confidence interval: 0.713-0.913), with a sensitivity of 89.5% and a specificity of 60.6%, demonstrating good predictive performance. Conclusion Pretreatment extramural venous invasion, carcinoembryonic antigen level, and neoadjuvant treatment regimen are independent factors influencing complete response after nCRT in LARC patients. The prediction model combining these factors may assist in evaluating treatment efficacy following nCRT in LARC patients.

Objective : To observe the brain tissue injury during hypoxia-ischemia, as well as the pathological changes and the expression of ferroptosis-related factors after the use of Shenfu injection(SFI), and to explore the protective effect of SFI on hypoxic-ischemic brain injury(HIBD) by inhibiting ferroptosis. Methods : An animal model of HIBD in SD rats was constructed and intervened with SFI. Pathologic changes in brain tissue were observed by HE staining methods. Nissen staining was used to observe neuron survival. Glutathione Peroxidase 4(GPX4) and Divalent Metal Transporter 1(DMT1) expression were detected in brain tissue by Western blot, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Reduced Glutathione(GSH), Lactate Dehydrogenase(LDH), Malondialdehyde(MDA), Superoxide Dismutase(SOD) and tissue iron content were determined with the kits. BV-2 microglial cell line(BV2) cells were culturedin vitroand divided into control group(Ctrl group), oxygen-glucose deprivation group(OGD group), iron ferroptosis-inducing group(Erastin group), iron ferroptosis-inhibiting group(Fer-1 group), Shenfu injection group(SFI group), and Erastin+Shenfu injection group(Erastin+SFI group). 2′,7′-Dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate(DCFH-DA) reactive oxygen species(ROS) fluorescent probe was used to detect the ROS release level; Immunofluorescence was used to observe intracellular GPX4, DMT1 expression. Results : Compared with the Sham group, rats in the HIBD group showed significant neuronal cell damage in brain tissue, decreased GPX4 expression(P<0.01), increased DMT1 expression(P<0.01), decreased GSH and SOD levels(P<0.01), and increased LDH, MDA and tissue iron levels(P<0.05,P<0.05,P<0.01). In contrast, after the intervention of SFI, GPX4 expression was elevated(P<0.01), DMT1 expression decreased(P<0.01), GSH and SOD levels were elevated(P<0.01), and LDH, MDA, and tissue iron levels decreased(P<0.05,P<0.05,P<0.01). The cells experiments showed that compared with the Ctrl group, the OGD group had a significantly higher ROS content and a decrease in the expression of GPX4 fluorescence intensity, and an increase in the fluorescence intensity of DMT1(P<0.01), compared with the OGD group, the ROS content was reduced in the SFI group, while the expression of GPX4 was elevated and the expression of DMT1 was reduced(P<0.01). Conclusion Hippocampal and cortical regions are severely damaged after HIBD in neonatal rats, and their brain tissues show decreased expression of GPX4 and increased expression of DMT1. The above suggests that ferroptosis is involved in HIBD brain injury in neonatal rats. In contrast, Shenfu injection has a protective effect on HIBD experimental animal model and BV2 cell injury model by reducing iron aggregation and ROS production.

Abstract Upper cross syndrome (UCS) is an abnormal body posture phenomenon. The detection rate of UCS in adolescents is high in China, which has become a serious public health problem threatening the health of adolescents. Exercise therapy has a positive effect on the prevention and treatment of UCS.The article reviews the pathological mechanisms of muscle imbalance, muscle interaction inhibition, and neural control related to the occurrence and development of UCS both domestically and internationally in recent years.And it elucidates the effects and corresponding mechanisms of exercise interventions such as gentle exercise, stretching exercise and physical function training on UCS, so as to provide help for the correction of UCS.

This paper summarizes Professor HAN Mingxiang's clinical experience in treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD）. He believes that the key pathomechanism of COPD in the acute exacerbation stage is the invasion of external pathogens triggering latent illness， while lung qi deficiency is the primary mechanism in the stable stage. The core pathological factors throughout disease progression are deficiency， phlegm， and blood stasis. Treatment emphasizes a staged and syndrome-based approach. During the acute exacerbation stage， for wind-cold invading the lung syndrome， the self-formulated Sanzi Wenfei Decoction （三子温肺汤） is used to relieve the exterior， dispel cold， warm the lung， and resolve phlegm. For phlegm-dampness obstructing the lung syndrome， Huatan Jiangqi Fomulation （化痰降气方） is prescribed to warm the lung， transform phlegm， descend qi， and calm wheezing. For phlegm-heat obstructing the lung syndrome， Qingfei Huatan Fomulation （清肺化痰方） is applied to clear heat， resolve phlegm， moisten the lung， and stop coughing. For phlegm and blood stasis interlocking syndrome， Qibai Pingfei Fomulation （芪白平肺方） is used to tonify qi， resolve phlegm， and activate blood circulation to remove stasis. During the stable stage， for lung qi deficiency syndrome， Shenqi Wenfei Decoction （参芪温肺汤） is employed to warm the lung， tonify qi， resolve phlegm， and eliminate turbidity. For lung-spleen qi deficiency syndrome， Shenqi Buzhong Decoction （参芪补中汤） is utilized to strengthen the spleen， tonify qi， and reinforce metal （lung） from earth （spleen）. For lung-kidney deficiency syndrome， Shenqi Tiaoshen Fomulation （参芪调肾方） is prescribed to tonify the lung， warm yang， and regulate kidney function to calm wheezing. These strategies provide insights into the traditional Chinese medicine treatment of COPD.

Objective To construct programmed cell death protein-ligand 1(PD-LI)^hi tolerogenic dendritic cell (tol-DC) derived from bone marrow of DA rats and identify its immunological function. Methods DA rat bone marrow cells were extracted, combined with recombinant mouse granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor and recombinant mouse interleukin (IL)-4, and cultured for 6 days in vitro to induce the differentiation of bone marrow cells into immature dendritic cells (imDC). Lipopolysaccharide was used to stimulate cell maturation and cultured for 2 days to collect mature dendritic cells (mDC). PD-L1 lentiviral vector virus stock solution or equivalent dose lentiviral stock solution was added, and PD-L1^hitol-DC and Lv-imDC were collected after culture for 2 days. The morphology of PD-L1^hitol-DC was observed by inverted phase contrast microscope and transmission electron microscope. Real-time fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting and flow cytometry were used to detect the expression level of specific markers on cell surface. CD8⁺T cells derived from Lewis rat spleen were co-cultured with imDC, mDC, Lv-imDC and PD-L1^hitol-DC, respectively. The levels of inflammatory factors in the supernatant of each group were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The apoptosis of T cells and the differentiation of regulatory T cells (Treg) in each group were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results The morphology of PD-L1^hitol-DC modified by PD-L1 gene was consistent with tol-DC characteristics, and the expression levels of CD80, CD86 and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) on the surface were low. After mixed culture with CD8⁺ T cells, the levels of IL-10 and transforming growth factor (TGF) -β1 in the supernatant of PD-L1^hitol-DC group were higher, the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -α and IL-17A were lower, and the apoptosis of T cells and Treg differentiation were increased. Conclusions Overexpression of PD-L1 through lentiviral vectors may successfully induce the construction of bone-marrow derived PD-L1^hitol-DC in DA rats, promote the secretion of anti-inflammatory factors and T cell apoptosis, induce the differentiation of Treg, and inhibit the immune response of allogeneic CD8⁺T cells, which provides experimental basis for the next organ transplantation immune tolerance study.

Background Indoor air quality directly affects people's health, especially the impact of chemical pollutants in residential indoor air on children and the elderly is more significant. Objective To understand the pollution status of common chemical pollutants in residential indoor air in Shijiazhuang, evaluate the health risks of chemical pollutants to school-age children and the elderly, and provide reference for controlling indoor pollution in residential environment. Methods Using stratified random sampling, a total of 60 households were selected from 2 urban areas and 1 surrounding rural area in Shijiazhuang City, specifically in July 2023 (non-heating season) and December 2023 (heating season), respectively. Relevant data was collected through on-site sampling [including CO, CO₂, PM₁₀, PM_2.5, NO₂, SO₂, O₃, ammonia, formaldehyde, benzene, toluene, xylene, total volatile organic compounds (TVOC), trichloroethylene, and tetrachloroethylene] and survey questionnaires. The pollutant concentrations were evaluated following the Standards for indoor air quality of GB/T 18883-2022, and the inhalation exposure risks of the target population were assessed based on the health risk assessment method. Results In the indoor air of the urban and rural residence in Shijiazhuang City, except for CO, NO₂, SO₂, toluene, and xylene, which did not exceed the standard limits, other pollutants showed varying degrees of exceedance. The non-qualified rates of PM₁₀, PM_2.5, and CO₂ in the urban areas were higher than those in the rural areas (P < 0.05). The seasonal difference analysis showed that the non-qualified rates of PM_2.5, PM₁₀, CO₂, trichloroethylene, and tetrachloroethylene in the urban areas were higher in the heating season than in the non-heating season (P<0.05); the non-qualified rates of ammonia and formaldehyde in the rural areas increased significantly in the non-heating season(P<0.05). The health risk assessment indicated that the maximum hazard quotient (HQ) of tetrachloroethylene for the elderly exceeded 1, while the HQ values for ammonia, formaldehyde, benzene, toluene, xylene, and trichloroethylene remained below 1 for either children or the elderly. For carcinogenic risks, the median carcinogenic risk (CR) of formaldehyde for school-aged children or the elderly fell within the range of 10⁻⁶-10⁻⁴, whereas the median CR values for benzene, trichloroethylene, and tetrachloroethylene were all below 10⁻⁶. Conclusion The primary indoor air pollutants exceeding the national standard limits in residential areas of Shijiazhuang City include CO₂, PM₁₀, TVOC, PM_2.5, formaldehyde, ammonia, trichloroethylene, and tetrachloroethylene. The levels of these pollutants exhibit significant urban-rural and seasonal variations. Special attention should be paid to the non-carcinogenic risk of tetrachloroethylene to the elderly and the carcinogenic risks of formaldehyde to school-age children and the elderly.