OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects and potential mechanism of paeoniflorin on oxidative stress of ulcerative colitis （UC） mice based on adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase （AMPK）/nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 （Nrf2） pathway. METHODS Male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control group， model group， inhibitor group （AMPK inhibitor Compound C 20 mg/kg）， paeoniflorin low-， medium- and high-dose groups （paeoniflorin 12.5， 25， 50 mg/kg）， high- dose of paeoniflorin+inhibitor group （paeoniflorin 50 mg/kg+Compound C 20 mg/kg）， with 8 mice in each group. Except for the control group， mice in all other groups were given 4% dextran sulfate sodium solution for 5 days to establish the UC model. Subsequently， mice in each drug group were given the corresponding drug solution intragastrically or intraperitoneally， once a day， for 7 consecutive days. The changes in body weight of mice were recorded during the experiment. Twenty-four hours after the last administration， colon length， malondialdehyde （MDA） content， and activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD） and glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px） in colon tissues were measured； histopathological morphology of colon tissues， tight junctions between intestinal epithelial cells， and histopathological scoring were all observed and evaluated； the mRNA expressions of AMPK and Nrf2， as well as the protein expressions of heme oxygenase-1（HO-1）， occludin and claudin-1， were all determined in colon tissue. RESULTS Compared with model group， paeoniflorin groups exhibited recovery from pathological changes such as inflammatory cell infiltration and crypt damage in the colon tissue， as well as improved tight junction damage between intestinal epithelial cells. Additionally， significant increases or upregulations were observed in body weight， colon length， activities of SOD and GSH-Px， phosphorylation level of AMPK， and protein expression of Nrf2， HO-1， occludin， claudin-1， and mRNA expressions of AMPK and Nrf2； concurrently， MDA content and histopathological scores were significantly reduced （P＜ 0.05 or P＜0.01）. In contrast， the inhibitor group showed comparable （P＞0.05） or worse （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01） indicators compared to the model group. Conversely， the addition of AMPK inhibitor could significantly reverse the improvement of high- dose paconiflorin （P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS Paeoniflorin can repair intestinal epithelial cell damage in mice， improve tight junctions between epithelial cells， upregulate the expression of related proteins， and promote the expression and secretion of antioxidant-promoting molecules， thereby ameliorating UC； its mechanism may be associated with activating AMPK/Nrf2 antioxidant pathway.

ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism by which Feixin decoction treats hypoxic pulmonary hypertension （HPH） by regulating the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma （PPARγ）/nuclear factor-kappa B （NF-κB）/NOD-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 （NLRP3） signaling pathway. MethodsForty-eight male SD rats were randomly allocated into normal， hypoxia， and low-， medium- and high-dose （5.85， 11.7， 23.4 g·kg^-1， respectively） Feixin decoction groups， with 8 rats in each group. Except the normal group， the remaining five groups were placed in a hypoxia chamber with an oxygen concentration of （10.0±0.5）% for 8 h per day， 28 days， and administrated with corresponding drugs during the modeling process. After 4 weeks of treatment， echocardiographic parameters ［pulmonary artery acceleration time （PAT）， pulmonary artery ejection time （PET）， right ventricular anterior wall thickness （RVAWd）， and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion （TAPSE）］ were measured for each group. The right ventricular systolic pressure （RVSP） was measured by the right heart catheterization method， and the right ventricular hypertrophy index （RVHI） was calculated by weighing the heart. The pathological changes in pulmonary arterioles were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. The co-localization of α-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA） with NLRP3， N-terminal gasdermin D （N-GSDMD）， and cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteinase-1 （Caspase-1） in pulmonary arteries was detected by immunofluorescence. The protein levels of PPARγ， NF-κB， NLRP3， apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD （ASC）， N-GSDMD， interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， interleukin-18（IL-18）， and cleaved Caspase-1 in the lung tissue was determined by Western blot. The ultrastructural changes in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells （PASMCs） were observed by transmission electron microscopy. ResultsCompared with the normal group， the hypoxia group showed increased RVSP and RVHI （P<0.01）， decreased right heart function （P<0.01）， increased pulmonary vascular remodeling （P<0.01）， increased co-localization of α-SMA with NLRP3， N-GSDMD， and Caspase-1 in pulmonary arterioles （P<0.01）， up-regulated protein levels of NF-κB， NLRP3， ASC， N-GSDMD， IL-1β， IL-18， and cleaved Caspase-1 in the lung tissue （P<0.05， P<0.01）， a down-regulated protein level of PPARγ （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and pyroptosis in PASMCs. Compared with the hypoxia group， Feixin decoction reduced RVSP and RVHI， improved the right heart function and ameliorated pulmonary vascular remodeling （P<0.05， P<0.01）， decreased the co-localization of α-SMA with NLRP3， N-GSDMD， and Caspase-1 （P<0.05， P<0.01）， down-regulated the protein levels of NF-κB， NLRP3， ASC， N-GSDMD， IL-1β， IL-18， and cleaved Caspase-1 in the lung tissue （P<0.05， P<0.01）， up-regulated the protein level of PPARγ （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and alleviated pyroptosis in PASMCs. ConclusionFeixin decoction can ameliorate pulmonary vascular remodeling and right heart dysfunction in chronically induced HPH rats by regulating pyroptosis in PASMCs through the PPARγ/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway.

Objective To systematically evaluate the predictive models for re-admission in patients with heart failure (HF) in China. Methods Studies related to the risk prediction model for HF patient re-admission published in The Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMbase, CNKI, and other databases were searched from their inception to April 30, 2024. The prediction model risk of bias assessment tool was used to assess the risk of bias and applicability of the included literature, relevant data were extracted to evaluate the model quality. Results Nineteen studies were included, involving a total of 38 predictive models for HF patient re-admission. Comorbidities such as diabetes, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide/brain natriuretic peptide, chronic renal insufficiency, left ventricular ejection fraction, New York Heart Association cardiac function classification, and medication adherence were identified as primary predictors. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve ranged from 0.547 to 0.962. Thirteen studies conducted internal validation, one study conducted external validation, and five studies performed both internal and external validation. Seventeen studies evaluated model calibration, while five studies assessed clinical feasibility. The presentation of the models was primarily in the form of nomograms. All studies had a high overall risk of bias. Conclusion Most predictive models for HF patient re-admission in China demonstrate good discrimination and calibration. However, the overall research quality is suboptimal. There is a need to externally validate and calibrate existing models and develop more stable and clinically applicable predictive models to assess the risk of HF patient re-admission and identify relevant patients for early intervention.

Medical imaging technology plays a crucial role in clinical diagnosis and treatment. Image compression technology provides robust technical support for the storage and transmission of massive medical imaging data, serving as an effective safeguard for hospital data backup and telemedicine. The technology holds broad application prospects in the medical field, enabling the processing of various imaging modalities, multidimensional imaging, and medical video imaging. This study elaborates on general image and video compression algorithms, the application of compression algorithms in the medical field, and the performance metrics of medical image compression, thereby providing critical technical support for enhancing clinical diagnostic efficiency and data management security.

Humans ; Amyloidosis ; Amyloid ; Cardiomyopathies

ObjectiveTo analyze the data of hospitalized accidental injuries with registered residence in Yangpu District， Shanghai， to describe their characteristics， and to provide an evidence for formulating accidental injuries prevention and control strategies. MethodsStatistic analysis was conducted on the data of accidental hospitalized injury cases in Yangpu District. The incidence rate （per 100 000 population） and the hospital stay were used to analyze the characteristics of hospitalized accidental injuries. ResultsA total of 4 924 hospitalized accidental injury cases were reported in Yangpu District， Shanghai. The incidence rate was 468.77/10⁵， the ratio of male to female was 1∶1.41. Among them， the age ≥65 group had the highest incidence rate， accounting for 55.83% of all cases. The incidence rate of female was 1.97 times higher than that of male （χ²=287.61， P<0.05）. The top five causes of injuries were falls， traffic-related， accident blunt injuries， injury by sharp instrument and fire or burns. The incidence rate of falls in female was higher than in male （χ²=176.65， P<0.05）. The incidence rates of sharp instrument and blunt injuries in male were higher than in female（sharp instrument χ²=13.45， P<0.05； blunt injuries χ²=9.10， P<0.05）. Altogether， the incidence rates of falls and traffic-related accident increased with age group （falls χ²_trend=1 593.07， P<0.05； traffic related χ²_trend=106.82， P<0.05）. Fire or burns and drowning had a median length of hospital stay of 8 and 14 days， respectively. ConclusionFalls is the leading cause of hospitalized accidental injuries （accounting for about 74% of the total number of hospitalized accidental injury cases）， with a higher incidence rate among elderly people aged ≥65 years old， and higher female than in male. Although the incidence rates of burns and drowning are not high， the hospital stay is relatively long. Therefore， accidental injury prevention and intervention should be targeted at key accidental injuries （such as falls， fire or burns， and drowning） and key populations （such as elderly female aged ≥65 years old）， to reduce the likelihood and the related loss of accidental injuries.

Objective: To understand the awareness and service utilization of HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) among the young students aged 15-24 in Hefei, so as to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of AIDS among young students in the future. Methods: From May to June 2022, a stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select two different types of universities(undergraduate and vocational colleges) in Hefei, and a crosssectional survey was conducted among the 916 young students at the selected schools. The Chisquare test was used for statistical analysis. Results: Among the surveyed young students, 88.4% had heterosexual orientation, and 12.4% had sexual behavior including 8.8% of homosexual sexual behavior and 91.2% of heterosexual sexual behavior. The rate of condom use was 70.0% in the last homosexual intercourse, and the rate of condom use was 83.7% in the last heterosexual intercourse. About 41.9% of young students heard of PrEP, and the proportions of young students who knew about PrEP, consulted PrEP and used PrEP were 43.0%, 15.9% and 9.4% respectively. About 38.3% of young students had heard of PEP, and the proportions of young students who knew about PEP, consulted PEP and used PEP were 18.2%, 15.4% and 6.0%. Conclusions The awareness rate and utilization rate of PrEP and PEP among young students in Hefei are relatively low. PrEP and PEP publicity should be combined with education of HIV knowledge, and enhance the awareness rate of the young students, in order to reduce the risk of AIDS infection among young students with highrisk behaviors.